1. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
FACTORS THAT BROUGHT THE WAR TO AN END: - In 1917, the Russian Revolution occurs, March-October
LENIN signs Brest-Litovsk treaty.

2. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
FACTORS THAT BROUGHT THE WAR TO AN END: - In 1917, the Russian Revolution occurs, March-October
-LENIN signs Brest-Litovsk treaty.
- Russia's gave up: Finland, the future Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania), Belarus, and Ukraine, and the territory of Congress Poland (which was not mentioned in the treaty). Most of these territories were in effect ceded to the German Empire, who lost them a year later anyways.

3. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
FACTORS THAT BROUGHT THE WAR TO AN END: - In April the United States entered the war.
-Sinking of the Lusitania is just one of many events that led to US entering the war.
-Led by President Woodrow Wilson.
-New Powerhouse on the Block.

4. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
FACTORS THAT BROUGHT THE WAR TO AN END: - In 1918, Germany mounts its last offensive but they are low on supplies and troops.
They kill 800,000 allied troops but lose 700,000 themselves.
They repeated mistakes from the failed Schlieffen Plan, like not having enough supplies for soldiers.

5. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
CANADA’S ROLE: - During Canada’s 100 Days, Canadians break through German lines.
Central Powers collapse.
Armistice signed on Nov 11, 1918
Robert Borden signs separately from Britain and gets his own seat at the Paris Peace Conference.

6. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
IN THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE of 1919: - Signing of the Treaty of Versailles.
Three countries led the proceedings.
D.L. GEORGE G. CLEMENCEAU W. WILSON BRITAIN FRANCE USA

7. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
GOALS OF THE TREATY - Woodrow Wilson would like to avoid mistakes of the past.
PUBLISHES THE 14 POINTS EMPHASIZING:
SELF DETERMINATION PEACE
BRITAIN AND FRANCE WANT TO PUNISH GERMANY FOR STARTING THE WAR. THEY EMPHASIZE
PUNISHING GERMANY DIVIDING THE SPOILS OF WAR

8. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS PUNISHING GERMANY - This was led by France.
WHY?
They had lost ¼ of all young men in their country.
4.29% of their total population died, more than any other country (except Romania, who lost 10% of population, and the Ottoman empire who lost 13% of population).
USA lost 0.13%, Canada 0.92%
Germany under 4%

9. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS PUNISHING GERMANY - This was led by France.
WHY?
Russia lost many men but they were TRAITORS

10. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
PUNISHING GERMANY - Their land was full of holes, trenches, crosses and landmines.
WHY?
Fighting was mostly on Belgium and French soil.

11. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS PUNISHING GERMANY - Coal mines flooded
Factories razed
Farmland ruined. ECONOMIC ENGINE IS DESTROYED

12. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
PUNISHING GERMANY -In the Battle of Verdun illustrates why French would have wanted to punish Germans.
In battle, between (Feb-Dec 1916), France lost ½ million men. (Germany lost 400,000).

13. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
PUNISHING GERMANY -In the Battle of Verdun illustrates why French would have wanted to punish Germans.
TOWNS NEAR VERDUN were laid to ruin.

14. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
PUNISHING GERMANY -In the Battle of Verdun illustrates why French would have wanted to punish Germans.
WAR TACTICS were brutal.
New weapons like FLAMETHROWERS and HAND GRENADES
Were mentally
Disturbing.

15. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
PUNISHING GERMANY -In the Battle of Verdun illustrates why French would have wanted to punish Germans.
Because men were
rotated in and out
of the front lines,
Most French soldiers fought at Verdun for a little while.

16. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
PUNISHING GERMANY -In the Battle of Verdun illustrates why French would have wanted to punish Germans.
Because men were
rotated in and out
of the front lines,
Most French soldiers fought at Verdun for a little while.
One French lieutenant at Verdun who was later killed by an artillery shell wrote in his diary on May 23, 1916:
"Humanity is mad. It must be mad to do what it is doing. What a massacre! What scenes of horror and carnage! I cannot find words to translate my impressions. Hell cannot be so terrible. Men are mad!"

17. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
TERMS OF TREATY THEY WANT: GERMANY TO DEMILITARIZE
LOOK AT THE CONDITIONS OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILES

18. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
TERMS OF TREATY THEY WANT: GERMANY TO DEMILITARIZE
ACCEPT WAR GUILT CLAUSE - Germany has to say “We Caused World War I” (Even though really they didn’t)

19. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
TERMS OF TREATY THEY WANT: GERMANY TO DEMILITARIZE
ACCEPT WAR GUILT CLAUSE  Leads to
SOME GERMANS BECOME VERY ANGRY AT FRANCE

20. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
TERMS OF TREATY THEY WANT: GERMANY TO DEMILITARIZE
ACCEPT WAR GUILT CLAUSE  Leads to
SOME GERMANS BECOME VERY ANGRY AT FRANCE

21. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
TERMS THAT WOODROW WILSON WANTS He writes the Fourteen Points, his framework to planning peace.
INCLUDED THE IDEA OF A LEAGUE OF NATIONS

22. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
TERMS THAT WOODROW WILSON WANTS He writes the Fourteen Points, his framework to planning peace.
INCLUDED THE IDEA OF A LEAGUE OF NATIONS
Peace through collective security, not the traditional BUILD UP YOUR ARMIES AND HAVE ALLIANCES METHOD.

23. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
TERMS THAT WOODROW WILSON WANTS He writes the Fourteen Points, his framework to planning peace.
INCLUDED THE IDEA OF A LEAGUE OF NATIONS
EUROPE agrees, but the United States refuses to join, so the league has no real leader or powerhouse.

24. THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
Woodrow Wilson dies in Many of his ideas die with him.
NEW IDEAS invade Europe.