1. The Industrial Revolution – Day 2

2. Census
The official count of a population

3. Turnpike
Road on which tolls are collected

4. Canal
An artificial waterway

5. Lock
Separate compartment in which water levels rise and fall in order to raise or lower boats on a canal

6. Building Roadways
The nation needed good inland roads for travel and to ship goods.

7. Building Roadways
Private companies built many turnpikes, or toll roads. Tolls, or fees were paid by travelers, and helped pay the cost of building them.

8. Building Roadways
The National Road ran from Maryland to Illinois.

9. Building Roadways
Many new towns sprang up with the creation of the National Road.

10. Steamboats
Robert Fulton invented a powerful steamboat called the Clermont.

11. Steamboats
The boat made the 150-mile trip from New York City to Albany in 32 hours.

12. Steamboats
Shipping goods and moving people became cheaper and faster.

13. Steamboats
By 1850 some 700 steamboats were carrying cargo and passengers within the United States.

14. New Waterways
Steamboats improved transportation, but no river linked the East and the West.

15. New Waterways
The Erie Canal was constructed to connect the Hudson River to Lake Erie.

16. The Erie Canal

17. New Waterways
Along the way they built a series of locks – separate compartments in which workers could raise or lower the water level.

18. New Waterways
The locks worked like an escalator to raise or lower boats up and down hills.

19. The lock system

20. New Waterways
By 1850, the country had more than 3,600 miles of canals.

21. Roads and canals in New Jersey
The Morris Canal ran from Phillipsburg to Jersey City.

22. Roads and canals in New Jersey
This connected the coal fields of Pennsylvania’s Lehigh Valley to the New York/New Jersey iron industry.

23. Morris Canal

24. Morris Canal

25. Roads and canals in New Jersey
The Delaware and Raritan Canal ran from Bordentown to New Brunswick.

26. Delaware and Raritan Canal

27. Roads and canals in New Jersey
Large amounts of coal were shipped on the canal, but it was also famous for the many different boats that traveled on it.

28. New Jersey Canal Map

29. Roads and canals in New Jersey
Between 1801 and 1829, 51 new turnpike companies were chartered in New Jersey, and 550 miles of toll roadways were created.

30. The Locomotive
The steam-powered locomotive revolutionized travel in the United States and trains began to link the nation.

31. Rail Maps

32. Rail Map 1860

33. Rail Map 1870

34. Rail Map 1880

35. Rail Map 1890

36. Rail Map 1950

37. The Locomotive
The Jersey Central Line connected much of New Jersey.

38. Jersey Central Station

39. Jersey Central Advertisements

40. Jersey Central Route

41. Jersey Central – Plainfield Station

42. Jersey Central – Plainfield 1906

43. Jersey Central – Plainfield 1910

44. Jersey Central – Plainfield 1947

45. Wrap up Questions
1. What is a turnpike?

46. Wrap up Questions
2. What was the National Road?

47. Wrap up Questions
3. What is the significance of steamboats and canals?

48. Wrap up Questions
4. How did the invention of roads, canals, and railroads affect New Jersey?