1. It’s what the world is made of.
Matter:
It’s what the world is made of.
Here are some notes

2. What is matter?
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.

3. What do you know about matter?
Gases
Plasma
Solids
Liquids

4. Solids Solids have definite shape and definite volume.
Solids have mass.
Solids take up space.

5. Particles in Solids: Are packed tightly together
Have very little energy
Vibrate in place

6. Liquids
Liquids take the shape of their container and have definite volume.
Liquids have mass.
Liquids take up space.

7. Particles in Liquids: Are loosely packed Have medium energy levels
Particles flow around each other

8. Gases
Gases spread out to fill the entire space given and do not have definite volume.
Gases have mass.
Gases take up space.

9. Particles in Gases:
Move freely
Have LOTS of energy

10. Plasma Lightning is a plasma.
Used in fluorescent light bulbs and Neon lights.
Plasma is a lot like a gas, but the particles are electrically charged.

11. Particles in Plasma: Are electrically charged
Have EXTREMELY high energy levels

12. What would it take for matter to move from one state to another?
STATES of matter?
What would it take for matter to move from one state to another?

13. Energy determines the state!

14. Add or Subtract Energy. . .
When energy is added, particles move faster!
When energy is taken away, particles move slower!

15. Solid + Energy = ?
When energy is added to solids, they become liquids!
Examples?

16. Solid to a Liquid When a solid changes to a liquid it is called
Melting

17. Liquid + Energy = ?
When energy is added to liquids, they become gases!
What examples can you think of?

18. Liquid to a Gas When a liquid changes to a gas it is called:
Evaporation

19. Taking away Energy
When you take away energy from matter it changes states as well!
When you cool down a gas it is called condensation and turns into a liquid.
When you cool down a liquid it is called freezing and it turns into a solid.

20. Special Cases
Sometimes a Solid can skip becoming a liquid and turn into a gas… this is called sublimation
Examples include: Dry Ice!
Sometimes a gas can turn right into a solid, this is called deposition.
Examples include when vapor in the air turns to ice when it is VERY cold out.

22. Changing States State change Phase change Physical change
There are several names for matter changing states:
State change
Phase change
Physical change

23. Review Questions
What state of matter has definite volume and definite shape?
Describe the properties of liquids.
Describe the differences between gases and plasma.
What is needed for states of matter to change phase?