1. PURITANISM

2. Puritanism Background Puritanism & England Beliefs of the Puritans
Puritanism & the English Colonies
Puritanism in America
Legacy of Puritanism

3. Puritanism- Background
1517 Protestant Reformation
Protestors who wished to reform the Catholic Church
Martin Luther’s 95 Thesis
1532 Henry VIII, King of England creates the Anglican Church (Church of England)
Protestantism - in name only
King same as Pope with appointed cardinals
Anglican Church was Catholicism practice & rituals
“Catholic church in disguise”

4. Puritanism- and England
Want to “purify” England
subtle, prejudice against those out
of the Anglican church
(e.g. no offices can be held)
Predestination
Priesthood of the individual

5. Puritanism- Beliefs 1st covenant - individual & God
Three Way Covenant
1st covenant - individual & God
2nd covenant -individual & congregation
3rd covenant - congregation & state
attempts to make reform through civil laws
government enforced beliefs
Beliefs of the Puritans
Three Way Covenant
1st covenant - individual & God (spiritual relationship)
Are you sure of your predestination?
2nd covenant - individual & congregation
man so wicked he needs help of the congregation
(communal spirituality) stocks & pillars
agrees to abide by rules (e.g. no dancing)

6. Puritanism- And the English Colonies
Puritans CHOSE to leave England
not persecution
couldn't fit in the 3rd covenant
in England
needed a place to go where they
could find government support

7. Puritanism- In the English Colonies
New World to become a Puritan Commonwealth
Receive charter to go to the New World
“city on a hill”- a beacon light for others
Goal- Return to England
purify America, then return to England to save her

8. Puritanism- In America
1620 New Plymouth
Pilgrims left for America
Mayflower ship with 101 people (Bradford)
heading for Jamestown Virginia
off course or chose own location ended in Cape Cod near Boston
2 1/2 months - arriving in November (cold)
Indians greeted them in English
helped them through winter
(Squanto or English fishermen 's)

9. Puritanism- In America
1620 New Plymouth
Mayflower Compact 1620
potential for democratic ideas
beginning of democracy
"single civil body politic"
majority rule - voluntary
helps set up some form of government at later date
1st representative government in New World - social contract theory

10. Puritanism- In America
1629 Massachusetts Bay Company
John Winthrop - Puritan received charter
stock holders - investors in colonies
purchasers of charters (or stock holders)
charters stayed in England so when goods come back on ship, the stock holders taxed goods)
charter came over with Massachusetts Bay Co !

11. Puritanism- In America
1629 Massachusetts Bay Company
17 ships 1000 people settle where Boston is is today
prepared - no hardship
Great Migration of 's
20,000 Puritans to Massachusetts
John Winthrop/Cotton Mather legislature
kept control of the church/state

12. Puritanism- Legacy of Puritanism
Passed values to future generations
The Protestant Work Ethic
1. Prudence
2. Thrift
3. Discipline
4. Hard work
THE PROTESTANT WORK ETHIC > CAPITALISM
Two ideas go hand in hand

13. Puritanism- Legacy
Are we losing the Legacy of the Puritans?
Today we are losing values of hard work, thrift & discipline?
consumerism/credit cards
"you are what you own"

14. Puritanism- Discussion
Was our country really founded on freedom of religion?
Was the goal of the Puritans religious freedom for all?
What was the intent of the English in resettling the religious dissonant?
Examples of religious intolerance
Anne Hutchinson
ousted because of prayer meetings in her house
Roger Williams
formed Rhode Island - didn't agree with Mass Bay Co. Puritans & left.

15. Puritanism- Summary Summary - Pulling It Together
Puritanism in America introduced concepts of
Representative Governance
Church & State (Theocracy)
Individual & God
Prosperity & Godliness
Strong Work Ethic

16. Background and Modern Implications
The Salem Witch Trials
Background and Modern Implications

17. Synopsis of the Trials June through September of 1692
nineteen men and women, all having been convicted of witchcraft, were carted to Gallows Hill, a barren slope near Salem Village, for hanging.
Another man of over eighty years was pressed to death under heavy stones for refusing to submit to a trial on witchcraft charges.

18. Synopsis of the Trials
Hundreds of others faced accusations of witchcraft.
Dozens languished in jail for months without trials. 
Then, almost as soon as it had begun, the hysteria that swept through Puritan Massachusetts ended.

19. Causes of the Witch Hysteria
Governmental Instability
This incident displayed the everyday tensions that existed in the colonies at the time and reflected a growing fear of one’s neighbors as the trials built to a fever pitch
The provincial government was in transition because of the removal of Sir Edmund Andros, (who was appointed by the king to rule over the newly-created Dominion of New England) due to discontent with his methods and beliefs,
The government responded too slowly to prevent the executions of twenty due to this hysteria

20. Causes of the Witch Hysteria
Many other factors contributed to this hysteria:
Generational strife
Tensions between agricultural Salem Village and commercial Salem Town
Possibly an outbreak of food poisoning that may have caused hallucinations
The Salem Witch trials were indicative of the times, which was marked by war, economic and political disruption, and erosion of the society’s utopian vision