1. Computers & operating systems
Unit 1

2. Objectives Describe the importance of computers in daily life
Explain the difference between system software and application software
Describe the four major types of operating systems
Identify the tasks an operating system performs
Start a computer
Use an operating system and start an application
Lock and shut down a computer

3. The Importance of Computers
Computers are everywhere
What parts of your daily life use computers?
Listening to music
Using an ATM
Changing the temperature
In the car (cruise control, attaching to module to troubleshoot)
Restaurant to input the order
Store POS
Control robot in factory

4. Activity- Computer History Timeline
In groups of 2, make a computer history timeline of events
Use the online timeline maker
Mark at least 10 significant events
Use your own words to describe
Include a picture
70’s, 80’s, 90’s, 2000’s, 2010’s

5. Brief Computer History I
1821 Charles Babbage “Father of Computing”
Steam-powered calculator
40’s ENIAC
Size of a city block
Used for military
Less powerful than our phones
76-77 Apple I & II Computer
Jobs & Wozniak
1st user-friendly PC
The term personal computer refers to a computer designed to be used by one person at a time.

6. Brief Computer History II
1981 IBM PC released
Bill Gates worked for IBM
Used DOS
$3500
80’s Clones
IBM sold design to companies
Clones/compatibles released
IBM PC- Disk Drive storage- enough space for 42 text files, 56 VERY LOW res photos, and not even a half an mp3 song! Display- monochrome green; could hook up to TV for color; Weight- about 60lbs!

7. Review- 3Q Who created the first user-friendly computer?
Steve Jobs & Steve Wozniak
What term describes a computer design made available to other manufacturers?
Compatible or clone
What company was responsible for allowing compatible computers to happen?
IBM

8. What is a Computer?
Receives data (INPUT), processes data, stores data, produces a result (OUTPUT)
Computer includes:
Hardware
Software
Peripherals
In this lesson, you will begin to broaden your vision of the word computer to include many things that process and store information, including people. In fact, the word computer, in older dictionaries, is defined as a person who makes calculations.
Bottom Picture: Identify HARDWARE, SOFTWARE, INPUT, OUTPUT

9. Information Processing Cycle
Scan an item (Receives data INPUT), processes data (INTERNALLY), outputs information (ON MONITOR/RECEIPT), stores data (HD)

10. Types of Software
Software provides way to interact with hardware through an interface
GUI- Graphical User Interface
Icons
Windows & Mac OS
CLI- Command Line Interface
Type text commands
DOS

11. System and Application Software
System Software
Runs & manages the computer
Runs other software
OS & Utility programs
Application Software
Used to complete a task or create something

12. Comparing Software Operating System Application Software Purpose
Role in a computer system
Typical Tasks
Examples

13. Comparing Software- ANSWERS
Operating System
Application Software
Purpose
Operates & controls hardware and runs application software
Provides a service and/or information to the user
Role in a computer system
Coordinates everything (users, hardware, application software)
Performs specific tasks based on user input
Typical Tasks
Monitors hardware, manages resources, processes data, controls input/output
Creates documents, etc.
Provides entertainment
Displays photos
Examples
Windows
Mac OS
Android
Word (word processing)
Photoshop (graphic editing)
Chrome (web browser)

14. PC Operating Systems Single user Multitasking Windows, Mac OS, Linux
Windows runs on most worldwide
Windows & Mac are proprietary
Can’t change OS code
Linux is free & open- source
Many versions of Linux (Fedora, Ubuntu, etc.)

15. Mobile Operating Systems
Smartphone or Tablet
Simpler & smaller than PC OS
iOS, Android, Windows

16. Embedded Operating Systems
Runs on ATMs, GPS, Media Players, Video Recorders
Included in hardware
Performs a specific task
You don’t interact with it
You just provide input
Embedded OS provides output
May be specialized versions of Windows, Java, Linux, Android, etc.
Microwaves, DVRs, etc.

17. Network Operating System (NOS)
Runs on a server
Manages a network & provides services
, file storage, printing, etc.
Server provides a network service to clients
Clients run their own OS (Windows, Mac OS)
Controls access & maintains security
Windows Server, Mac OS Server, UNIX, Linux

18. Review- Q

19. Start-up Steps BIOS performs POST BIOS passes boot instructions to RAM
Checks CPU, RAM, Video
BIOS passes boot instructions to RAM
OS located on HD, loaded into RAM
C: Drive
Login
BIOS is software stored in ROM/flash memory chip.
Check Hardware
ROM passes boot instructions to RAM
Find OS on the Hard Drive
Run OS & load into RAM

20. Controlling Hardware Driver Usually driver is found automatically
Software enables OS to interact with device
Usually driver is found automatically
This is called Plug and Play
If not, install with provided software

21. Ending a Computer Session
Option
Description
SHUT DOWN
Completely turns off PC
RESTART
Closes apps & resets OS
SIGN OUT
Closes apps, OS still running, allows someone else to log in
SWITCH USERS
Apps & OS still running, another user can log in; they can’t access your apps or date
LOCK
Apps & OS still running; locked until you sign back in
SLEEP / HIBERNATE
Apps & OS still running but in a low-power state

22. Activity- Choose One 1 2 3 Group of 3 Evaluate Operating Systems
Create a checklist of Price, Ease of Use, Application Software Availability, Security, and Built-in Tools
Make a Table of Results
Individual
Record Activities
How often do you interact with an OS and how much do you use Application Software?
Keep a log of 5 days worth
Record device, what you are doing, how long, whether you are using OS or Application
Estimate percentage of time using each with a pie chart
Which method should you choose to end a computer session?
Indicate method and explain why for each situation
Performance Assessment; Lab Project

23. Computers & operating systems
Unit 1