1. African _______ _______

2. The _________ and ____________ had enslaved Africans to work in the sugar ______________ on the islands off the coast of Africa.
As the rich lands of the Americas fell into their hands they extended the practice westward by transporting _____ across the ______________
When the ___________, _____________ and ____________ developed their own Sugar Plantations they followed this example.

3. As the major _______________ powers, Portugal, Britain, France and the Netherlands looked for ways to exploit the fertile lands of the
New World. They looked to Africa for a steady supply of __________.
Soon enslaved _____________ had become absolutely vital to the
Cultivation of sugar, tobacco, cotton, and rice plantations.
As European demand for ____________ began to increase plantations
began to spring up throughout ____________ and the Caribbean. Sugar
cultivation created a huge demand for slave labor from Africa
many plantations produced additional crops such as indigo,
rice, tobacco and ______________.

4. Capturing of slaves Slaves were _____________ and captured by European
merchants as well as by their own people. Stronger
African ___________ would capture weaker tribes and sell them into slavery.

6. Slaves would be captured and put into make-shift jails called ________________. Once enough slaves were captured they would be marched to permanent jails called ____________ located along the coast.
The journey from the interior to the factories might be as far as
_________ miles. Shackled and underfed, only _________ the people survived these death marches. Those to sick to make it were killed or
left for dead. Those who reached the factories were put in jails for
As long as a _________ before they were boarded on ships.

7. Factory of Ghana

10. A slave boat captain could buy a slave for around
$___________ and could be sold for up to $___________ depending on the physical appearance.
Men, Women and ______________ were all captured and
sold into slavery.

11. The Factor, or owner of the factory would sell the African to
Slave ship captains. In order to get a better price the ships
Captain would often offer a ____________ or ___________ to the factor.
The factor would try anything to get a better price for slaves.
Slaves heads were ________________, bodies oiled, and even drugs were given to make their bodies bloat. A __________________ slave would bring a better ______________.

12. Once purchased by a slaver, the slave was usually _____________ with the owners initials to ensure _______________________

13. Crewmen rowed boats out to the ______________ where the slaves would be put on to the ships for the ______________ over to the New World.

14. Ship Captains became know for their reputations as
“__________________________” or “Loose Packers” this referred to
the amount of slaves a captain was willing to put on
his ship. Most vessels at this time could hold up
To ______________ persons. It was not uncommon to put _____________________ slaves on a ship.

16. _______________ ____________
The middle passage to the New World usually took anywhere from ___________ days.
Slaves were packed like cargo in the tween decks. They often had to lie in each others feces, urine and __________.
The heat often unbearable and the air ____________________

18. During periods of good weather, the slaves would be brought up on
the deck in the morning. At this time the men would be shackled
together with ________ ____________, while the women and children roamed free. At about 9:00 am they were given their first meal, usually some type of beans in a sauce. Sometimes a few lumps of raw _________ would be added to their food to keep them healthy. It was also at this time the slaves would be given their ration of a half-pint of water in a small pan called a _________________.
The slavers needed to keep the slaves in acceptable physical shape so
each morning after breakfast they were “____________” on the deck for
exercise. Still shackled together, the men were forced to jump up
and down until often the flesh of their ankles were _________ and bleeding.
The slaves were otherwise kept miserably in the _____________ decks.

19. The slaves were often beaten or whipped with a device called the
_____________________________. This consisted of nine cords coated with _________, each with a knot at the end. The Cat-O-Nine-Tails could lash the skin of a slaves back to ribbons with only a few ____________________.

20. Men were often chained in pairs, ____________ wrist to wrist or ankle
to ankle. In such cramped quarters, disease such as ____________ and _________ _________ spread like wildfire. The diseased were usually thrown _______________ to prevent the entire cargo from getting the disease.

21. Trouble making slaves were often placed in an ________ ______________
Trouble making slaves were often placed in an ________ ______________. Slaves were often whipped and beaten, sometimes to the death. The conditions were so poor that it was not uncommon for a
slave to try to escape by _________________ ______________. Many would risk a watery death or being eaten by sharks rather than endure
the passage

22. Eventually, after a ______________ mile voyage, the slave ship would reach North America. In order to strengthen them before sale, the slaves were normally fed better in the days directly before their arrival.
Before they could be sold, the slaves would be oiled again, and any
imperfections, such as ________ from whipping, would be filled with
_____ ________in order to improve appearance and get the best market price.

23. Slavers would insure their cargo, however insurance could not
bought against disease. On its way to ______________ in 1781, the ship Zong was nearing the end of its voyage. It had been 12 weeks
since it had sailed from West African coast with its cargo of 417
slaves. __________ was running out. Then compounding the problem,
there was an outbreak of disease. The ships captain, wanting to
minimize the owners losses, threw any slave who was diseased
______________. The voyage was insured, but the insurance would not
pay for sick slaves or even those killed by _____________. However, it
would cover slaves lost by drowning.
The captain gave the order; _________ Africans were chained to-
gether, then thrown overboard. Another _________ were drowned over
the next two days. By the time the ship had reached Jamaica
____________ persons had been murdered.

24. The buying and selling of slaves was made illegal in the
late _____________. It was enforced by military ships patrolling the
waters. This didn’t end slavery. Because slaves were much
harder to come by, the price for a slave _______________________ and
made slave ship captains more willing to take a chance on
the voyage.