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Overview: Cloud Datacenters II

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Presentation on theme: "Overview: Cloud Datacenters II"— Presentation transcript:

1 Overview: Cloud Datacenters II
Hakim Weatherspoon Associate Professor, Dept of Computer Science CS 5413: High Performance Systems and Networking January 30, 2017

2 Background: The Internet
How do we get bits into and out of datacenters?

3 Background: The Internet
Internet Protocol / Internet Protocol Stack application: supporting network applications FTP, SMTP, HTTP transport: process-process data transfer TCP, UDP network: routing of datagrams from source to destination IP, routing protocols link: data transfer between neighboring network elements Ethernet, (WiFi), PPP physical: bits “on the wire” application transport network link physical

4 Background: The Internet
source message M application transport network link physical segment Ht M Ht datagram Ht Hn M Hn frame Ht Hn Hl M link physical switch destination network link physical Ht Hn M Ht Hn Hl M M application transport network link physical Ht Hn M Ht M Ht Hn M router Ht Hn Hl M

5 Network Protocol “Layers”
Network Protocol “Layers” similar to traveling protocol ticket (purchase) baggage (check) gates (load) runway (takeoff) airplane routing departure airport arrival intermediate air-traffic control centers ticket (complain) baggage (claim gates (unload) runway (land) ticket baggage gate takeoff/landing layers: each layer implements a service via its own internal-layer actions relying on services provided by layer below

6 Tech Titans Building Boom
What does it take to build a million server datacenter? Titan tech boom, randy katz, 2008

7 Tech Titans Building Boom
What does it take to build a million server datacenter? Challenges Readily available (fiber-optic) networking Abundant water Inexpensive electricity How much electricity? 200W per server * 1M servers = 200MW! Equivalent to 200k houses! Management (e.g. installation, failures) Environmental impact Also Cheaper building and operating costs Consume less energy (efficiency) Greener material and processes Make the facility more flexible and easier to manage Titan tech boom, randy katz, 2008

8 Tech Titans Building Boom
What does it take to build a million server datacenter? Challenges Readily available (fiber-optic) networking Abundant water Inexpensive electricity How much electricity? 200W per server * 1M servers = 200MW! Equivalent to 200k houses! Management (e.g. installation, failures) Environmental impact Prior state of the art, dot-com era of 1990’s to 2000’s 1k to 2k servers -> 1MW to 2MW Setup and management was fairly manual A house = 10x 100W lightbulbs or 1kW, so 200MW is 200k houses Also Cheaper building and operating costs Consume less energy (efficiency) Greener material and processes Make the facility more flexible and easier to manage

9 Tech Titans Building Boom
What does it take to build a million server datacenter? Locations (power/cooling/water) Washington, N.C., S.C., Iowa, Oklahoma,…,Siberia! Also Cheaper building and operating costs Consume less energy (efficiency) Greener material and processes Make the facility more flexible and easier to manage Titan tech boom, randy katz, 2008

10 Tech Titans Building Boom
What does it take to build a million server datacenter? Server Utilization 40x 200W pizza boxes CPUs are 60% of power 8 to 16kW per rack 0.5kW/m2 Air cooling Google/Microsoft - Better power mgmt. . Avg instead of peak - Better power supplies voltage regulators, fans - Remove GPU - Water cooling A house = 10x 100W lightbulbs or 1kW, so 200MW is 200k houses Also Cheaper building and operating costs Consume less energy (efficiency) Greener material and processes Make the facility more flexible and easier to manage

11 Tech Titans Building Boom
What does it take to build a million server datacenter? Containers (server, power, cooling efficiency) 2500 to 3000 servers, instead of 40 to 80 Power and cooling efficiency Power density, 16kW/m2 instead of 0.5 kW/m2 A house = 10x 100W lightbulbs or 1kW, so 200MW is 200k houses Also Cheaper building and operating costs Consume less energy (efficiency) Greener material and processes Make the facility more flexible and easier to manage

12 Tech Titans Building Boom
What does it take to build a million server datacenter? Cooling Efficiency Power supply and distribution Software Server efficiency and density Titan tech boom, randy katz, 2008

13 Tech Titans Building Boom
What does it take to build a million server datacenter? Power efficiency Cooling efficiency Server efficiency Power proportionality utilization Power density 0.5 kW/m2 – raised floor datacenter 16 kW/m2 – containerized datacenter Management/failure Software masked failures containerization Titan tech boom, randy katz, 2008

14 Tech Titans Building Boom
Power efficiency Tune power supply for average, not peak Voltage regulators Remove unnecessary components Cooling efficiency HP “smart cooling” Air-side economization Containers

15 Tech Titans Building Boom
PUE Total power consumption / total power used by consumers Results Typical enterprise DC 2007 – 2 2011 – 1.7 (with optimizations may reach 1.3) Google DCs Avg – 1.21 Best – 1.15 Microsoft Chicago – 1.22

16 Tech Titans Building Boom
Virtualization DCs run at 15% of their capacity without virtualization DCs run at 80% with virtualization Other SW tools Power usage control Shared distributed data Handle software failures

17 Perspective To build large and efficient datacenters
Better power efficiency Better cooling efficiency Specialized systems for datacenters

18 Before Next time Finish Lab0 by Tuesday
Fill out survey to help form groups Create a project group Start asking questions about possible projects Check website for updated schedule

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