2. Warm Up
On a blank sheet of lined paper or on a blank sheet in your notebook, write down and answer the following true or false questions:
All metals are attracted to magnets.
Larger magnets stronger than smaller magnets.
Magnets and electricity are the same thing.
Magnetic Fields are only two dimensional.
Only one end of a magnet attracts steel

3. Are all metals are attracted to magnets?
False.
Only ferromagnetic metals which are iron, nickel and cobalt (and their alloys) are attracted to magnets.

4. But Why?
A magnet is made up of many small magnets called dipoles (has two poles – north and south)
When aligned, they produce a magnetic field or domain that attracts other ferromagnetic dipoles.

5. But Why?
In a normal ferromagnetic material, the dipoles are scattered around and point in different directions. However, if it is in the presence of a magnetic field, they will align themselves to the direction of the field forming a temporary magnet.
Contact with magnetic field

6. Are larger magnets stronger than smaller magnets?
False, although it may seem that a larger magnet is stronger, all it means is that it has a larger magnetic field. Therefore, an object is only pulled to a larger magnet because it is in the field of the larger magnet and not the smaller one.

7. How is the strength of a magnet determined?
The three factors that affect magnetic strength are
1. material
2. dipole alignment
3. temperature.
Permanent magnets are made from one of these four materials: Neodymium Iron Boron, Samarium Cobalt, Alnico, and Ceramic/Ferrite.
They are all rare earth magnets that are most commonly used.

8. Dipole alignment is the arrangement of dipoles in an object
Dipole alignment is the arrangement of dipoles in an object. Partially aligned dipoles result in a weaker magnetic field produced by the object compared to a completely aligned magnet.

9. Temperature affects magnets by increasing or decreasing the rate at which the atoms in dipoles flow. When exposed to higher heats, the particles will move faster causing the dipoles to lose their alignment and therefore reducing the magnetic strength

10. Are magnets and electricity the same thing?
While magnetism and electricity are similar, they are not the same.
Electricity is the movement of electrons across atoms while magnetism is the attraction of dipoles.
They are similar in the fact that:
they both can create magnetic fields
attract opposites (North+South or Positive+Negative)
repel likes (North+North or Positive+Positive)
However, magnets do not require the movement of electrons to attract/repel another object.

11. Demos
Compass vs Magnet
Compass vs Charged Rod

12. While magnetism and electricity are similar, they are not the same
While magnetism and electricity are similar, they are not the same. Electricity is the movement of electrons across atoms while magnetism is the attraction of dipoles.

13. Are magnetic fields 2D?
False! Magnetic Fields are three dimensional.