1. FEMP Federal Fleet Management Program
Karen Guerra, Federal Fleet Program Manager
Cabell Hodge, NREL Federal Fleet Project Leader
August 14, 2017

2. FEMP Federal Fleet Program
Compliance and reporting
Guidance documents and resources
OMB scorecards, compliance reports, performance data
Stewardship
FAST – Asset level data tracking
FleetDASH – Track agency fuel transactions using credit card data
Assist in strategic acquisition of economical vehicles to suit utilization
Training and communication
INTERFUEL interagency working group
Widely viewed webinars
Energy Exchange
Other tech assistance, analysis, and tools
Analysis of fleet fueling needs and lowest cost installation options
Collaboration with industry to facilitate new alternative fuel infrastructure
AFV acquisition (including ZEV and PHEV)
Telematics framework

3. FEMP Federal Fleet Program Guidance

4. Federal Fleet Requirements
Alternative Motor Fuels Act of 1988
Energy Conservation Reauthorization Act of 1998
Energy Independence and Security Act
42 U.S.C. 6374e, 42 U.S.C , 42 U.S.C
Reduce annual petroleum use 20% and increase alternative fuel use 10% by 2015*
Agencies report to Congress
Install renewable fuel pumps at fueling centers
Requires low-GHG LDVs and MDPVs
42 U.S.C – 6374d
Acquire maximum number of alcohol, natural gas, or dual energy vehicles possible*
42 U.S.C 13218, 13220
AFV credits for biodiesel*
Agencies submit annual EPAct 1992 compliance report to Congress
Energy Policy Act of 1992
E.O
42 U.S.C. 6374, 42 U.S.C
At least 75 percent of LDVs acquired in MSAs/CMSAs must be AFVs*
Arrange for fueling of AFVs at commercial (public) fueling facilities to maximum extent practicable
Reduce GHG/mile 30% by 2025
Acquire ZEV and PHEV passenger vehicles at 50% by 2025
Acquire telematics
Maintain FAST & FleetDASH*
Develop guidance*
Energy Policy Act of 2005
42 U.S.C. 6374(a)(3)(E)
All dual-fueled AFVs must use alternative fuel if available unless Secretary provides waiver*
Secretary monitor and report*
The Federal Fleet Program has extensive statutory and executive requirements. This timeline shows the various statutes and the newest executive order. Although none of the statutory requirements have been repealed, there have been revisions over time and several executive orders developed in the last 25 years. The major requirements are (1) to reduce petroleum use, (2) to acquire alternative fuel vehicles, (3) to use alternative fuel in those vehicles, and (4) to minimize costs through various efforts discussed on the next slide.
(a) Department of Energy program (1) Beginning in the fiscal year ending September 30, 1990, the Secretary shall ensure, with the cooperation of other appropriate agencies and consistent with other Federal law, that the maximum number practicable of the vehicles acquired annually for use by the Federal Government shall be alternative fueled vehicles. In no event shall the number of such vehicles acquired be less than the number required under section of this title.
AMFA 1988
Below is the wording of several of the key statutes and orders as they relate to DOE’s duties (designated in red in the slide above).
EPAct 1992, Section 303:
(A) 25 percent in fiscal year 1996;
(1) Of the total number of vehicles acquired by a Federal fleet, at least—
(b) Percentage requirements
(B) 33 percent in fiscal year 1997;
(2) The Secretary, in consultation with the Administrator of General Services where appropriate, may permit a Federal fleet to acquire a smaller percentage than is required in paragraph (1), so long as the aggregate percentage acquired by all Federal fleets is at least equal to the required percentage.
(D)75 percent in fiscal year 1999 and thereafter, shall be alternative fueled vehicles.
(C)50 percent in fiscal year 1998; and
ECRA 1998 (a) Allocation of credits (1) In general The Secretary shall allocate one credit under this section to a fleet or covered person for each qualifying volume of the biodiesel component of fuel containing at least 20 percent biodiesel by volume purchased after the date of the enactment of this section, for use by the fleet or covered person in vehicles owned or operated by the fleet or covered person that weigh more than 8,500 pounds gross vehicle weight rating.
(b) Use of credits (1) In general At the request of a fleet or covered person allocated a credit under subsection (a), the Secretary shall, for the year in which the purchase of a qualifying volume is made, treat that purchase as the acquisition of one alternative fueled vehicle the fleet or covered person is required to acquire under this subchapter, subchapter II, or subchapter III…. …
EPAct 2005, Section 701: Dual fueled vehicles acquired pursuant to this section shall be operated on alternative fuels unless the Secretary determines that an agency qualifies for a waiver of the requirements of this section for vehicles… 
Part J of title III of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act
’SEC FEDERAL FLEET CONSERVATION REQUIREMENTS.
EISA 2007
‘‘SEC. 400FF. FEDERAL FLEET CONSERVATION REQUIREMENTS.
following:
(42 U.S.C et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the
Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall issue regula-tions for Federal fleets subject to section 400AA to require, beginning in fiscal year 2010, each Federal agency shall reduce petroleum consumption and increase alternative fuel
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL
‘‘(a) MANDATORY REDUCTION IN PETROLEUM CONSUMPTION
consumption each year by an amount necessary to meet the goals described in paragraph (2).
least a 20 percent reduction in annual petroleum consumption and a 10 percent increase in annual alternative fuel consump-tion, as calculated from the baseline established by the Secretary for fiscal year 2005.
The goals of the requirements under paragraph (1) are that not later than October 1, 2015, and for each year thereafter, each Federal agency shall achieve at
‘‘(2) GOALS
‘‘(A) interim numeric milestones to assess annual agency progress towards accomplishing the goals described in that paragraph; and
The Secretary shall include in the regulations described in paragraph (1)—
‘‘(3) MILESTONES
‘‘(B) a requirement that agencies annually report on progress towards meeting each of the milestones and the 2015 goals.
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL
‘‘(1) REQUIREMENT
‘‘(b) PLAN
‘‘(B) INCLUSIONS
(a) shall require each Federal agency to develop a plan, and implement the measures specified in the plan by dates specified in the plan, to meet the required petroleum reduction levels and the alternative fuel consumption increases, including the milestones specified by the Secretary.
The regulations under subsection
The plan shall—
‘‘(2) MEASURES
‘‘(ii) quantify the reductions in petroleum consumption or increases in alternative fuel consumption projected to be achieved by each measure each year.
‘‘(i) identify the specific measures the agency will use to meet the requirements of subsection (a)(2); and
‘‘(B) the acquisition of vehicles with higher fuel economy, including hybrid vehicles, neighborhood electric vehicles, electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid vehicles if the vehicles are commercially available;
‘‘(A) the use of alternative fuels;
—The plan may allow an agency to meet the required petroleum reduction level through—
‘‘(C) the substitution of cars for light trucks;
‘‘(F) a decrease in fleet size; and
‘‘(E) a decrease in vehicle miles traveled;
‘‘(D) an increase in vehicle load factors;
‘‘(G) other measures.’’
Section 1 (g)(iv) ensuring that agency annual asset-level fleet data is properly and accurately accounted for in a formal agency Fleet Management System and any relevant data is submitted to the Federal Automotive Statistical Tool reporting database, the Federal Motor Vehicle Registration System, and the Fleet Sustainability Dashboard (FleetDASH) system;
EO 13693
Section 14 (b) DOE shall assist the United States Postal Service (USPS) in evaluating the best alternative and advanced fuel technologies for the USPS fleet and report on such progress annually as part of the planning requirements of section 14 of this order.
Section 6. (c) lead the development of programs and policies to assist agencies in implementing the goals of this order in coordination with DOE, EPA, the General Services Administration (GSA), and other agencies as appropriate;
Note: Additional content in Implementing Instructions and Guidance for Federal Agencies on EO – Federal Fleet Management
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
* Department of Energy (FEMP) required action

5. Federal Fleet Requirements Core Principles
Right-size fleets & vehicles to mission
(EO 13693)
Identify & dispose of inefficient vehicles
Replace with more fuel efficient vehicles
Reduce VMT
Replacing existing vehicles with higher fuel economy vehicles
Identify most efficient vehicle for mission
Cost effective HEVs, PHEVs, and LSEVs
The core principles of the Federal Fleet Program are built around minimizing costs and petroleum use. Right-sizing has been one of the most successful initiatives in the federal government. Fleets are required to conduct a vehicle allocation methodology survey at least every five years. They must determine which vehicles can be down-sized or replaced, and their results are captured in the FAST database.
Maximize use of domestic alternative fuels (EPAct 1992 and 2005, EISA 2007)
E85, CNG, B20 AFVs and infrastructure support
Electric vehicles and charging stations
Acquire AFVs
Cost effective operational changes
Improve maintenance
Drive more efficiently
Avoid Idling

6. Federal Fleet by the Numbers
Federal Fleet Vehicles
Domestic Fleet by Fuel
621,000 domestic vehicles
474,000 light duty
110,000 medium duty
37,000 heavy duty
227,000 vehicles in USPS
146,000 vehicles in DOD
203,500 E85 flexfuel vehicles
23,500 hybrid vehicles
3,200 plug-in electric vehicles
The Federal Fleet represents 5% of the End-Use sector and 6% of the Scope 1 and 2 GHG Emissions

7. FleetDASH Tracks fuel purchases and inventories
Automates fuel tracking
Identifies missed opportunities
Compares fueling events to AFDC locator
Helps fleets use alternative fuel as required by EPAct 2005 §701
FleetDASH is a geolocational tool that captures fuel transactions from federal fleet vehicles and houses them on a secure system. The transactions are compared to alternative fueling stations in the AFDC station locator and identifies opportunities where petroleum was used when alternative fuel was required to be purchased under the EPAct 701 requirement. NREL manages both systems for seemless integration. In addition to ensuring alternative fuel is used when available, FleetDASH can help the federal fleet program determine when vehicle replacements should target AFVs. The team is also exploring using FleetDASH data to automatically populate FAST for more accurate data on fuel consumption and easier data collection.

8. Working Group and Training
INTERFUEL
Monthly working group
New technology and updates from industry
New policy and prospective legislation
Online Training
New EV driver training
EVSE training for fleet and facility managers
All Energy Exchange presentations will be posted online
*INL developed and maintains the Federal Automotive Statistical Tool (FAST), but NREL performs the majority of the FEMP Fleet compliance support using the tool and verifies accurate data entry.

9. 2017 Energy Exchange Fleet Track
Fleet Laws and Requirements
DOE and GSA: How requirements impact federal fleet management
Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles
PNNL: Basics of FCEVs and fueling
Telematics Framework for Federal Agencies
Marines and NREL: How to implement a telematics program
Future of the Automotive Industry
GM and Autonomous Vehicle Alliance: New technology and coming developments
Electric Vehicle Charging
FP&L, Drive Electric, GSA, NREL: Minimize EV charging costs over the long run
Vehicle Cyber Security
Volpe and INL: Addressing vulnerabilities in smarter vehicles
Vehicle Asset Level Data
INL, GSA, and Treasury: Ask questions about implementing VALD reporting
Vehicle Allocation Methodology
Mercury and GSA: How to structure and apply a VAM
FleetDASH
NREL and Army Corps of Engineers: Lessons in influencing driver behavior

10. $6.00 (biweekly) or $0.60 (daily)
Workplace Charging
Rotating presentation in FEMP Lounge
Detailed training for EVSE installation on WBDG
Installation FAQ on FEMP Fleet website
Guidance from CEQ and GSA
Scenario 1
Installed before December 4, 2015
Primarily used by Federal fleet vehicles
Funded through specific appropriations
No fee  2
Level 1 without unusual installation costs (trenching or boring)
$6.00 (biweekly) or $0.60 (daily) 
Calculate a flat fee  3
All other Level 1, Level 2, or DC FAST charging installations

11. Agency Support Telematics framework Driver support training
Acquisition analysis based on economics, utilization patterns, and proximity to fuels and low use vehicles
EVSE Tiger Team visits, site reports, and recommendations
EV/EVSE analysis in Hawaii and Washington DC
Compliance reporting assistance
CalAmp LMU-3030
WBC Fleet User Interface

12. EV Opportunities and Cost Effectiveness
EV Opportunity
Enter values in orange boxes to define boundaries of EV consideration
Maximum Average Distance Between Consecutive Transactions
(User Entered)
Maximum Distance Between Consecutive Transactions (User Entered)
Min. Annual Mileage (User Entered)
# of EV Opportunities (Calculated Value) 10 40
10,000
566
Payback period:
3 years
Lifecycle Savings:
$2,000/vehicle
VMT for 7 year payback:
5,000 miles/year

13. Fueling Infrastructure Installation
Completed 14 Tiger Team visits in 2016 calendar year
Estimated savings between $5,000 and $20,000 per EVSE if installed
FAST Act requirement to recoup costs for employee charging
Over 120 sites requested support
Insufficient funds to meet demand
Renewable EVSE is a cost-effective method to comply with EISA §246
FEMP and NREL provide support for agencies installing alternative fueling infrastructure. The federal fleet managers rely on DOE expertise to cut costs and install appropriate infrastructure. In five site visits for the Navy, the Tiger Teams helped the agency cut their cost estimates by a total of $600,000.

14. Fueling Infrastructure Development
Agencies must install renewable fueling infrastructure at large fleet facilities unless fuel is available nearby
Federal fleets account for 28% of US E55-85 production
FEMP Fleet captures locations of AFVs, their access to fueling infrastructure, and their fueling events
Captures station locations in AFDC
Waives vehicles from fueling requirements if no access to fuel
Works with entities like the Renewable Fuels Association to identify fleets that could be served by private stations
Assists with plans to install infrastructure

15. Section 701 Waivers EPAct 2005 Section 701 Waiver Resons
Alternative fuel is not reasonably available
Alternative fuel is unreasonably expensive
Section 701 Waiver Process
Currently, agencies request waivers in FAST
The requests are based on the vehicle garage location which is not an accurate description of where the vehicle actually operates
The requests are made in June using current FY inventory for future FY inventory, which does not always match due to beginning of the FY acquisitions
Several agencies have brought up the issue of the inaccurate and time-consuming process
Potential to Update Waiver Process using FleetDASH
FleetDASH tracks vehicle fueling locations, fuel type, fuel amounts, and missed opportunities
Reduced work load on the agency side due to automated reporting for waivers and fuel use
67% of agency vehicles

16. FY 2016 Federal Fleet Compliance Summary
Requirement
FY 16 Performance
EO Per-mile GHG Emissions
Reduce fleet-wide per-mile GHG emissions by 2% relative to FY 2014 baseline (for FY16)
1.3 percent
25 of 32 covered agencies achieved compliance
75% of “covered” Light-Duty Vehicle acquisitions must be AFVs
203 percent
EPAct 92 AFV Acquisitions
29 of 31 covered agencies achieved compliance
All dual-fueled AFVs must use alternative fuel if available (i.e., unless waivered)
90 GGE of alternative fuel use per non-waivered dual-fuel AFV
EPAct 2005 §701 Alternative Fuel Use in AFVs

17. FY2016 GHG Per Mile Emissions Relative to FY2014 Baseline

18. Fleet Accomplishments: Reduced Petroleum Consumption
$307M in savings from petroleum purchases (excludes USPS)
Additional E85 cost of $48M
Net savings of $259M

19. FY2016 Petroleum Consumption Relative to FY2005 Baseline
FY15, FY16: 20%
FY05 Baseline

20. Fleet Accomplishments: AFV Acquisitions and Fuel Use
Support U.S. Jobs
The number of alternative fuel vehicles has gone up (bottom chart), while the petroleum consumption has fallen (top chart).
Alternative fuel consumption has risen by 2 million GGEs since 2011 while petroleum consumption has fallen by 26 million GGEs annually.
Consumes 28% of U.S. E85 production
Ethanol and E85 fuel
Ethanol industry: 86,000 direct jobs & $44 billion to national GDP in 2015
2,977 public E85 stations
Electric vehicles projected to create 1.9 million jobs by 2030

21. FY2016 Alternative Fuel Consumption Relative to FY2005 Baseline
FY15, FY16: 159%
FY05 Baseline

22. Questions? Karen Guerra FEMP Federal Fleet Program Manager
Cabell Hodge
National Renewable Energy Laboratory