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Answer the following question in a complete sentence.

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Presentation on theme: "Answer the following question in a complete sentence."— Presentation transcript:

1 Answer the following question in a complete sentence.
A carrot cell contains 18 chromosomes. Which of the diagrams at the right illustrates the correct number of chromosomes in new cells produced by mitosis? How do you know?

2 Meiosis Objectives: To describe the process of meiosis
To compare meiosis to mitosis

3 Mitosis Review The process of cell division
Occurs in somatic cells which are all the cells in your body except egg and sperm cells 2N Diploid  meaning that it has two of each chromosome These two chromosomes are identical in mitosis

4 I. Meiosis Process of making sex cells called gametes
Male gametes are sperm Female gametes are eggs Sex cells have half the number of chromosomes as other cells N (haploid) When sperm fertilizes egg  zygote 2N (diploid) – it has 2 of each chromosome, 1 from mom, 1 from dad

5 II. Meiosis occurs in 2 divisions
Interphase I - Before meiosis, cells in testes/ovaries copy DNA Meiosis I Prophase I - Chromosomes with same type of genetic information (homologous chromosomes) match up these chromosomes may “swap” genes in a process called crossing over Metaphase I - Homologous pairs line up in middle of cell RANDOMLY Anaphase I - Pairs split up Telophase I – Cell membrane begins to pinch in and results in 2 daughter cells are different from each other & parent cell

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7 Between meiosis I and meiosis II, DNA does not copy again
Meiosis II is like mitosis Prophase II Metaphase II - Chromosomes line up in center of cell Anaphase II - Chromosomes split apart & move into daughter cells Telophase II - Nucleus forms around each set of chromosomes End result: 4 daughter cells that are each unique

8 View meiosis

9 III. How does meiosis compare to mitosis?

10 Mitosis Replicate once, divide once 2 daughter cells are identical to parent cell Meiosis Replicate once, divide twice 4 haploid daughter cells, not identical to parent or each other


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