1. Copper-Based System Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards 8
Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8
Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards
Module 8
Copper-Based System
Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

2. Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System8 1
Goal 8
In this module students are familiarized with the standards that apply to residential copper network cabling in accordance with the TIA 570 standard for both single residences and multi-tenant residences. Students will be familiarized with residential
system components and topologies. Students will identify the different grades of residential cabling as set forth in residential standards, as well as structured cabling systems. Students will also calculate the cost of a residential installation including labor, cable and connectors.
Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

3. Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System8
Objectives:
Identify that the TIA 570 is the standard that applies to Residential Cabling
Identify the copper cabling types used in residential applications
Define structured cable
Identify Smart Home technology systems
Identify the elements of a single residential cabling system to include:
Gateway, Auxiliary Disconnect Outlet, Outlet Cabling, Outlets
Identify the recommended cabling topology used in a residence per standard
Define maximum cabling distances recommended for residential applications per standard
Given a cabling diagram of a Single Family residence, correctly label the copper cabling components
Identify the elements of a Multi-Dwelling residence to include:
Entrance Facility, Main Terminal Space, Backbone cabling
Floor Serving Terminal, Distribution Devices, Auxiliary Disconnect Outlets, Outlet Cabling, Outlets
Given a diagram of a Multi-Tenant Residence correctly label the copper cabling systems components
Given a cabling and connector price list and a diagram of a home, calculate the cost of materials and the cost of labor to complete a cabling job
Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

4. Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System88
Residential Cabling
The Connected Home
Cabling needs in the modern home have gone far beyond the simple telephone and power lines. People have grown used to cable TV, security systems, broadband Internet service, home networking, audio systems, paging, climate control, working at home, telecommuting, sophisticated lighting systems, and more.
All of this requires connections. Just as there are standards in place for cabling in commercial buildings, there are standards for residential cabling as well. These standards have become increasingly important as residential systems become more complex.
The standard that applies is the TIA 570 residential cabling standard. This module will cover the most important points in the standard.
Figure 8.1.1
Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

5. Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System8
Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards
Residential cabling standards are largely the same as commercial cabling installation standards.
The differences come mainly from the devices that are used.
Cable Grades
Unlike commercial cabling, there are two grades of cable recognized for residential cabling.
Grade 1
Grade 1 cabling provides a generic cabling system that meets the minimum requirements for telecommunications services. These include telephone, satellite, community antenna television (CATV) and data services. Acceptable cables for this grade are one Category 5e or higher (4-pair unshielded twisted pair) and one 75-ohm coaxial cable for
each outlet.
Figure 8.2.1
Grade 2
Grade 2 cabling provides a generic cabling system that meets the requirements for basic, advanced, and multimedia telecommunications services. It should handle current and developing telecommunications services. Acceptable cables for this grade are two Category 5e or higher (4-pair unshielded twisted pair) and two 75-ohm coaxial cables, and, optionally, 2 fiber optic cables at each outlet.
Figure 8.2.2
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Structured Cable
The various cables needed for different telecommunications services can be bundled together in a single sheath and laid all at once. You pull the entire bundle once and then unbundle the various components and connect them to the various system outlets.
Structured cabling can contain elements like fiber optic cable that are not needed in the current installation, but that could be needed in the future. This is referred to as future-proofing an installation.
The Smart Home
Structured cabling can be an important factor in the "smart home" technologies being installed in many new homes. Smart Home technology involves a number of systems performing household maintenance functions in addition to the traditional voice, video and data functions. Such systems require extensive cabling, the sort of cabling that structured cable provides.
Some of the systems that can be run by Smart Home technologies are:
PBX, Video (Cable or Satellite), Security/Alarms, Computer networks, Heating/Ventilation, Air Conditioning, Lighting Control
NEW TERMS
Structured Cable - A bundled cable carrying the cables needed for various telecom services, fiber and copper, in a single sheath.
Future-proofing - Installing cabling to accommodate a higher level of service than is currently needed in anticipation of future needs.
Smart Home - Systems performing household maintenance functions in addition to the traditional voice, video and data functions
Grade 1 Cable - Provides minimum requirements for telecommunications services. One Cat5e and one coaxial cable to each outlet.
Grade 2 Cable - Provides advanced, and multimedia telecommunications services. Two Cat5e, Two coaxial cables and the option of two fiber optic cables to each outlet.
Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

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Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

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Elements of Residential Cabling
Residential cabling is made up of the following elements:
The Gateway
The Auxiliary Disconnect Outlet
Outlet cabling
Outlets
The Gateway
The entrance point to a residence is called a gateway. It serves the same purpose as a commercial entrance point does: providing a connection point between cables coming from the outside from various service providers with the cables inside the building (the demarcation point). These connections are accomplished in a cabinet or other distribution device.
Care must be taken to guard the distribution device from extremes of temperature and electromagnetic interference. Do not locate the distribution device on an outside wall, or in an insinuated garage. Place it as far as possible from the service box for the house’s AC wiring—at least five feet.
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Elements of Residential Cabling continued
The Auxiliary Disconnect Outlet
Somewhere close to the gateway should be an outlet for the cable from each service provider to allow for disconnecting that service. Often this outlet is right in the distribution device.
NEW TERMS
Gateway - The entrance point of outside cables into a single-family residence - the point of demarcation.
Auxiliary disconnect - An outlet for each service provider to allow for disconnecting that service.
outlet cabling - Cabling that runs from the distribution device to the outlet, comparable to horizontal cabling in commercial installations.
Low Voltage mounting bracket - An open framework used to secure a face plate to a wall.
Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

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Topology
The cabling topology recommended by TIA 570 Standard for residences is the Star (Home Run) topology, where cabling for each device is connected back to a central core or distribution area. Because of the shorter cabling distances in residences, this central core is usually the gateway.
This makes it easier to Move a device from one location to another, Add a new device, or Change the properties of an existing device (Move, Add or Change=MAC). After a cabling system is in place, the majority of the technician’s job will involve MAC.
Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

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Example of an integrated telecommunications system
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Activity 8.1 Residential Cabling Elements-1
Objective: Identify the parts of a Residential cabling system.
1. Using the chart below label the system parts.
1. Gateway
Auxiliary Disconnect Outlet
2. _____________________________ 3
Outlet Cabling
Outlet 4
Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

14. Multi-Tenant Residences
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Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems
Multi-Tenant Residences
The standards for laying cable in multi-tenant residences, like apartment buildings, are a combination of commercial requirements and residential requirements. The chief elements in a cabling installation for a multi-tenant residence are:
Entrance Facility
Main Terminal Space
Backbone Cabling
Floor Serving Terminal
Distribution Devices (DD)
Auxiliary Disconnect Outlets (ADO) Outlet Cabling
Outlets
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16. The Main Terminal Space
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The Entrance Facility
As in commercial structures, the entrance facility is the place where outside cables meet inside cables, the demarcation point for the services being provided. This facility could be a cabinet, a closet, a room, or a hallway, depending on the size of the building and the level of cabling required.
The Main Terminal Space
The main terminal space contains the cross-connects from outside cable to the building's cable system. The location of the main terminal space is determined by the engineer. This facility, and the Entrance Facility, should be locked for security reasons.
Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

17. Floor Serving Terminal
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Backbone Cable
Backbone cable runs from the main terminal space vertically up to the various floors of the building.
Floor Serving Terminal
Backbone cable runs to various floor serving terminals. Floor service terminals serve the same function as telecommunications rooms in commercial buildings, except that one terminal can serve up to three floors.
Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

18. Distribution Device and ADO
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Distribution Device and ADO
Each tenant space, or apartment, has its own distribution device and its own auxiliary disconnect outlet.
Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

19. 8 Outlet Cabling Outlets Topology Six port outlet Figure 8.11.1
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Six port outlet
Figure
Outlet Cabling
Outlet cabling runs from each tenant’s distribution device to the outlets in each tenant's space.
Outlets
Each tenant's space has sufficient outlets for the device connections that need to be made. Once again, if local codes permit, mud rings should be used for these outlets instead of receptacle boxes.
Topology
The cabling topology recommended is the Star (Home Run) topology, where cabling for each device is connected back to a central core or distribution area. This topology should be repeated in each apartment and in the connections to the floor serving terminal.
The Star Topology
Figure
Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

20. 8 Recognized Cables Cabling Distances
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Recognized Cables
The copper cable recognized in the standard for outlet cable duty is 4-pair UTP cable.
Cabling Distances
The standard sets 90 meters (295 feet) as the maximum distance for each outlet cable (from the distribution device to the outlet). Another 10 meters (30 feet) is allowed for patch cords and cross connects, giving an operational distance of 100 meters (325 feet).
There should be an outlet in each room and an additional outlet for every 3.7 meters (12 ft) of unbroken wall space. Outlets should be arranged so that nothing that has to be connected would be more than 7.6 meters (25 ft) from an outlet.
CATV Coax Cable Tested and Labeled
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Cable Slack
When installing a cable run a standard requirement is to provide additional slack at both ends to accommodate future cabling system changes. Allow about three meters (10 feet) at the distribution device and one meter (three feet) at the outlet. Include the slack in all length calculations to ensure that the outlet cable does not exceed 90m (295 feet).
Labeling
Just like commercial buildings, labeling is a critical part of this job. Record-keeping is a must.
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Hiding Cable Runs
One of the most difficult tasks of a Network Cabling Specialist is hiding the wires he or she lays down, especially in residences. Every day, techs snake walls, flooring and ceilings to accomplish this task.
New products are being developed to help you accomplish this, and one of them is Wire Tracks®.
You can remove the molding from a wall or doorway, cut away the sheet rock, place the wire track into the space you created.
Run your voice, data or video wires in the track and glue the molding back onto the wire track. It’s easy, looks good, and is accessible later for additional adds, moves, and changes.
wire Track® behind molding
molding back in place
Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

23. Tools Normally Required for Residential Work
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Tools Normally Required for Residential Work
All Safety Equipment (safety glasses, etc)
Ladders, usually six foot step ladders
Wire snakes (to fish walls and ceilings)
Flashlight
Drill (cordless) and bits
Pocket tools (cutters, long nose pliers, etc)
Label maker
Tape
Drywall saw/knife
Cord and weight (for hollow walls)
Tester
Tone and trace set
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Tools Cont.
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Reading a Work Order
When performing any cabling work, you will be working from a work order. A work order supplies all the details of the job:
Where the cable is to be laid
Where the terminations should be
What type of cable should be used
What special conditions exist at the job site
The work order will also list the materials and equipment needed and give a rough layout of the site. It provides a place for the customer to sign off when the work is completed.
Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

26. 8 Activity: Residential Cabling Elements
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Activity: Residential Cabling Elements
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27. 8 Activity: Residential Cabling Elements cont.
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Activity: Residential Cabling Elements cont.
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28. 8 Activity: Residential Standards
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Activity: Residential Standards
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Module Review
Residential cabling standards are largely the same as commercial cabling standards. The differences come mainly from the lower level of usage in residential installations.
There are two grades of cable that can be used in residential installations. Grade 1 cabling provides a generic cabling system that meets the minimum requirements for telecommunications services.
Grade 1 has one UTP and one coaxial cable per outlet.
Grade 2 cabling provides for a cabling system that meets the requirements for basic, advanced, and multimedia telecommunications services. Grade two cable has 2 UTP, 2 Coaxial and optionally 2 fiber optic cables.
Structured cable, bundling a variety of cables used in various types of telecom services, is an important factor in "smart home" technologies. Smart Home technology involves a number of systems per-forming household maintenance functions in addition to the traditional voice, video and data functions.
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Module Review cont.
Residential cabling is made up of the following elements:
The Gateway
The Auxiliary Disconnect Outlet
Outlet cabling
Outlets
An outlet cable should not be longer than 90 meters (292 feet). Allow about three meters (10 feet) of slack at the distribution device and one meter (3 feet) at the outlet, and include this in your 90
meters. There should be an outlet in each room and an additional outlet for every 3.7 meters (12 ft) of unbroken wall space.
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Module Review cont.
The standards for laying cable in multi-tenant residences, like apartment buildings, are a combination of commercial requirements and residential requirements. The chief elements in a cabling installation for a multi-tenant residence are:
Entrance facility
Main terminal space
Backbone cabling
Floor serving terminal
Distribution devices
Auxiliary Disconnect Outlets
Outlet cabling Outlets
You should use the Star topology in both residence types.
Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

33. Introduction to Networking Copper Based Systems (Version 3.3)
© by C-Tech Associates, Inc.
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ISBN# Coppers 3.3 Student Manual and
CD Coppers 3.3 Student Manual, CD and Consumables
Coppers 3.3 Instructor Manual and CD
Placement of Copper Cable System Residential & Commercial

34. QUESTIONS? Module Test Time! 8
Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8
QUESTIONS?
Module Test Time!
Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems