1. States and Properties of Matter Review
Graham

2. What are the 4states of matter?
Determined by particle motion and particle speed
Solid—definite shape and definite volume
Liquid--indefinite shape and definite volume
Gas—indefinite shape and volume
Plasma—indefinite shape and volume an ionized particles

3. The space that matter occupies.
What is Volume?
The space that matter occupies.
Cm3 or mL

4. You must know the mass and volume to determine density.
What is density?
This describes how much matter is packed into a certain amount of volume.
You must know the mass and volume to determine density.
D=M/V D=g/cm3
Density of water =1
Above 1 will sink
Below 1 will float

5. What are physical properties?
This describes characteristics of a material that can be observed without changing the identity.
Examples include: density, color, odor, malleability, ductility, mass, etc.

6. What is a chemical property?
This describes whether or not a substance will react to produce a new substance.
Examples include: reactivity, flammability and combustible, reacts with acid/base.

7. What are physical changes?
When the physical properties only are changed.
Examples of this change include: freezing, breaking an object, dissolving sugar in water, melting, mixing a salad

8. What is a chemical change?
This occurs when an object changes its identity.
A new substance is always formed.

9. Chemical
These are examples of this type of change :burning, combining baking soda and vinegar, photosynthesis, baking or cooking, digestion

10. Chemical Change Indicators
These are examples of what you might observe that would signal that a chemical change has taken place :
Heat or light is produced when substances react.
A change in odor or a change in color takes place.
Sound/fizzing
Bubbling occurs
Generally, not reversible

11. physical change
This type of change is easier to reverse because the original materials are still there; they just changed their appearance.

12. Phase Changes Endothermic Phase Changes---- heating up Melting
Evaporation
Sublimation
Freezing
Condensation
Deposition
Endothermic Phase Changes---- heating up
Exothermic Phase Changes—cooling off

13. Phase Changes Any time a state of matter gains or loses energy it will
Change forms.
This is always a physical change!!!

14. Phase Changes Melting/Freezing happen at the same temperature.
Solid to a liquid by adding heat Or
Liquid to Solid by taking away heat

15. Phase Changes Evaporation/Condensation happen at the same temperature.
Liquid to a Gas by adding heat Or
Gas to Liquid by taking away heat

16. Phase Changes
Sublimation/Deposition happen at the same temperature.(Dry Ice—CO2)
Solid to a Gas by adding heat Or
Gas to Solid by taking away heat

17. Phase Changes Heat and Temperature;
There must be a change in heat energy(more or less) to cause a change in phase, BUT during the phase change there is not a change in temperature.
Ex. Solid to a liquid –must add heat energy, but during melting there is no change in the temperature

18. Test Yourself!!!!

19. The Law of Conservation of Matter states
A. The mass of the reactants must always equal the mass of the product
B. Mass is always lost during a chemical reaction
C. Mass is increased during a chemical reaction.
D. Mass is sometimes lost during a chemical reaction. A.

20. Which state of matter has a definite shape and a definite volume?
Solid

21. Which state of matter has the most kinetic energy?
plasma

22. Which type of change would result in a new substance being formed?
chemical

23. According to the law of conservation of matter, when 12
According to the law of conservation of matter, when 12.5grams of reactant are used in a chemical reaction, then how many grams of product should be present.
12.5grams

24. Which scenario represents a chemical change?
a. The mixing of flour, water, and eggs to make waffles
b. Bubbling when water is boiling
c. Glowing light produced in a child’s chemical light stick
d. Puddle of water evaporating on a hot day C.

25. Which state of matter is shown below?
Plasma: ionized particles

26. Which state of matter is the most dense?
Solid

27. Describe the particle characteristics of the state of matter shown below?
Liquid—particles are close together but move from place to place and moving faster than in a solid.

28. Ansley mixes 2 unknown substances
Ansley mixes 2 unknown substances. She sees some bubbling and feels heat coming off the container in which she mixed them. Is this chemical change or physical change?
chemical

29. Sublimation, melting and evaporation are all _____________ phase changes?
endothermic

30. What type of change is a candle burning?
Physical and chemical
(wax melting and wick burning)

31. Heidi wants to find the density of her tennis shoe
Heidi wants to find the density of her tennis shoe. What does she need to measure?
Mass and Volume

32. When a substance changes from a liquid to a gas, energy is
Increased

33. On a graph, what type of line indicates that a substance is going through a phase change?
horizontal

34. List the 4 states of matter order from most dense to least dense?
Solid, liquid, gas, and plasma

35. Which endothermic phase change is dependent on the atmospheric pressure?
boiling

36. Melting and __________ happen at the same temperature?
freezing

37. Which statement correctly describes a chemical change?
A. A new substance is formed
B. Only physical properties of a substance are changed
C. Substances are mixed together to form a solution
D. Substance is melted into a liquid. A.

38. Two mystery substances are mixed together in a bag in a chemical reaction, and it absorbs
heat from the surrounding environment. The bag becomes cold.
What type of reaction does this represent?
A.Decomposition reaction
B.Endothermic reaction
C. Exothermic reaction
D. Catalyzed reaction B.

39. Which of the following is an example of a chemical property?
The density of water is 1
Vinegar reacts with baking soda
The boiling point of water is 100 degrees Celsius
Salt will dissolve in water b.

40. Which of the following is not an example of a physical change?
Solid copper melts into liquid copper
Baking soda reacts with vinegar
Water is boiled into steam
Salt will dissolve in water b.

41. Which state of matter has the slowest particle movement?
Solid
liquid
gas
plasma a.

42. c. 4 grams 8grams 12grams 6 grams
According to the Law of Conservation of Mass if 4 grams of reactant A is combined with 8 grams of reactant B what will be the mass of the product?
4 grams
8grams
12grams
6 grams c.

43. a. condesation melting evaporation sublimation
During a hot shower, you notice that your bathroom mirror fogs up. What phase change has taken place to cause this fog?
condesation
melting
evaporation
sublimation a.

44. When a solid becomes a liquid, which of the following is true?
Particles have gained energy
Particles lose energy
Particles are packed more closely together.
Particles are more strongly bonded. a.

45. Freezing, deposition, and condensation are examples of ?
States of matter
Endothermic phase changes
Exothermic phase changes
Chemical Changes c.

46. Questions????