1. STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD
PRESENTATION BY
HIMACHAL PRADESH
STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD
POWER
29TH Aug., 2006
VENUE: Rotary Town Hall, Shimla

2. CONTENTS Power System of Himachal Pradesh
Sector-wise/Category-wise consumption
Energy Conservation
Tariff Structure
Power Management
POWER

3. Installed capacity & Inter regional links
MW capacity
NER-ER
1,850
ER-NR
700
ER-SR
1,200
ER-WR
1,650
SR-WR
WR-NR
900
Talcher Kolar HVDC Bipole
2,000
Total as on
9,500
Target for 2012
37,000
Three synchronous systems
-North, Central & South
33,142 MW
30,500 MW
2,443 MW
16,561 MW
16,000
34,543 MW
35,511 MW
Installed Generation Capacity
As on : 122,200 MW
Target for Year : 200,000 MW

6. The Power Map Of Himachal Pradesh

7. H.P.STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD – ITS ACTIVITIES
Inception
Himachal Pradesh is a hilly State with a population of around 60 lacs and area of about 56,000 Sq. km.
The H.P. State Electricity Board (HPSEB) was constituted on 1st day of September, 1971 & since then it is responsible for coordinated development of Power Potential, Generation, Transmission & Distribution of electricity within the State in the most efficient & economic manners. The Board carries out this task effectively through the various functional agencies.

8. MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS
First hilly state in the country to achieve 100% electrification of villages in 1988.
Highest household coverage ratio in the country.
Electrification of highest inhabited village in the World.
Construction of Power House at the highest Altitude in the World.
Unique distinction of 100% metering, billing & collection.
7th rank in State Power Sector Performance ratings by CRISIL & ICRA in June,2006

9. DEMAND AND SUPPLY

10. DISTRIBUTION & TRADING HOSHIARPUR-HAMIRPUR LINE
HPSEB – ITS SYSTEMS
HPSEB
CTU LINE
GENERATION
TRANSMISSION
DISTRIBUTION & TRADING
JALLANDAR - HAMIRPUR
INTER STATE LINES
KHODRI-MAJRI LINE
HOSHIARPUR-HAMIRPUR LINE
PANCHKULA – KUNIHAR
THEIN – JASSORE
BAIRA SUIL - JASSORE
PONG - JASSORE

11. To make Himachal Pradesh a ‘Power State’ of the country (100% hydro)
OUR MISSION STATEMENT
To provide reliable and quality power to all at competitive price, 24 hours a day, 365 days in a year.
To make Himachal Pradesh a ‘Power State’ of the country (100% hydro)
Contd……
POWER

12. CATEGORYWISE CONSUMPTION (As on March, 2006)
S. Category of Consumers Served Utilisation Pattern
No. consumers Nos. %age Consumption (mu) %age
1. Domestic
Commercial
NDNC
Industrial
Pub.lighting
Agriculture
Bulk Misc
Govt. Irri. &
WSS

13. CATEGORYWISE CONSUMERS (IN %AGE) (CONSUMER IN NOS As on March, 2006)
Bulk
(139)
Agri.
(10010)
Pub.
(529)
Irr. & WSS
(3101)
Indus (32392)
NDNC
(13266)
Comm.
(197963)
Dom.
( ) 14

14. CATEGORYWISE CONSUMPTION (IN %AGE) (UTILISATION PATTERN IN MU As on March, 2006)
Irr. & WSS
( )
8.55
Agr.
(24.732)
0.69
NDNC
(46.891)
1.31
Bulk
2.97
Dom
( )
24.27
Pub.
(11.740)
0.33
Comm.
( )
6.12
Industrial
( )
55.46 15

15. MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS……..
First hilly State in the country to achieve 100% electrification of villages in 1988 (Now, out of villages, remaining 106 new villages are being electrified).
4457 hamlets electrified;
Electricity provided to Harijan houses;
29369 connections released under Kutir Jyoti Programme;
9257 Pumpsets energized.
Highest household coverage ratio in the country (out of lac dwellings – lac electrified) i.e. 95% of house hydro stands electrified
Contd…….

16. MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS …..
Electrification even in the highest inhabited village in the world (Comic Village at feet).
Construction of Power House at the highest altitude in the world (Rongtong, feet).
78,000 kilometers of HT & LT lines erected to service 17.1 lac consumers with 16,931 distribution transformers in position.
T&D losses 19.3%, lowest in the country.

17. MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS ….. Electricity Tariff lowest in the country
Unique distinction of 100% metering/ electronic metering, billing & collection.
Ministry of Power ranked Himachal Pradesh 1st in hill state & 7th overall in the country.

18. TAKING POWER TO PEOPLE Recent Developments
To provide reliable & quality power to all the consumers in the Pradesh, a well defined programme has been chalked out under which following activities have been speeded up/undertaken:
Strengthening of Transmission System in the State as a whole & creation of additional capacities on the corridors of Himachal Pradesh.

19. TARIFF STRUCTURE OF HPSEB

20. Consumer Service Charge (Rs./month)
TARIFF STRUCTURE
S. No.
Description
Consumer Service Charge (Rs./month) 1.
Domestic
(a) Consumer Service charge (Charges-1)
1. Below Poverty Line
NIL
2. Other consumers 20
(b) Energy Charge (Charges-2a)
1. Below Poverty Line (upto 50 kWh
1.65
2. Others (0 – 150)
1.75
above 151
2.65
(c) Energy Charge (Charges-2b)
Pre-paid meter consumers (entire consumption)

21. TARIFF STRUCTURE S. No Consumer Category Energy Charges
Consumer service
Demand charges
PLEC
PLVC
Rs/kWh/ month
Rs/kVAh
Rs/month
Rs/kVA/ month
Demand Charge
Energy Charge 2.
NDNCS
0 – 20 kW
3.65 50 -
> 20 kW
2.95
100 75 3. CS
4.00 kW
3.20
> 100kW
3.00
200 4.
SMS
3.40
5.50
300
8.25
> = 20 kW
2.75

22. TARIFF STRUCTURE S. No Consumer Category Energy Charges
Consumer service
Demand charges
PLEC
PLVC
Rs/kWh/ month
Rs/kVAh
Rs/month
Rs/kVA/ month
Demand Charge
Energy Charge 5. LS
EHT
2.00
300
170
4.00
6.00 HT
2.10
200
4.20
6.30 6.
PIU
250
330 7.
WPS LT
2.80
100
175
5.60
8.40
2.20
125
4.40
6.60

23. TARIFF STRUCTURE S. No Consumer Category Energy Charges
Consumer service
Demand charges
PLEC
PLVC
Rs/kWh/ month
Rs/kVAh
Rs/month
Rs/kVA/ month
Demand Charge
Energy Charge 8.
AAA
< 20 KW
1.65 20 -
2.00
150
3.00
> =20 KW
1.00 50 9. BS LT
2.70
100
175 HT
125
10.
SLS
3.10
11. TM
<20 KW
6.00
4.45
300

24. Load & Frequency Curve

25. Load & Frequency Curve

26. POWER SAVING BY USE OF EFFICIENT LUMINARIES
S. N.
Parameters
Incandescent Lamp
Fluorescent Tube
C F L 1.
Power consumption
60 W
40+15 W or more
15/18 W 2.
Power Factor
More than 0.98
Around 0.65
0.9 3.
Life (hrs.)
8000 4.
Power consumed by 25 lacs consumers with 4 lamps each
600 MW
530 MW
150 MW 5.
Comparable Power savings in (MW)
Incandescent lamp
Fluorescents tube -
70MW
450MW
380MW

27. POWER SAVING BY USE OF EFFICIENT LUMINARIES IN TRAFFIC SIGNALS
S.N
Parameters
Incandescent Lamp
LED 1.
Power consumption
100 W
0.5W (20 Nos) 2.
Power Factor
> 0.98 3.
Life (hrs.)
15000 Hrs 4.
Power consumed by Signals with 8 lamps
8 MW
0.8MW 5.
Comparable Power savings in (MW)
Incandescent lamp -
7.2MW

28. PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF LIGHTING SOURCES
25 WATT BULB
7W CFL
1W LED
LAMP COST $1
$10
$25
LUMENS
250 17
LAMP LIFE(HRS)
1000
6000
100000
PRACTICAL LIFE
50000
LUMEN-HOURS PER$
250000
150000
34000
FUEL COST
$0.15
$0.65
LAMP CONSUMPTION 25 7 1
LIFETIME ENERGY 42
100
ENERGY COST
$3.75
$6.3
$65
TOTAL COST
$4.75
$16.3
$90
52632
92025
18889
Source:-

29. COMPARISON OF ELECTRIC GEYSER V/S GAS GEYSER
Sl. No.
Parameters
Electric Geyser
Gas Geyser 1
Initial Cost
Rs.3000/- (for a 20 Ltrs. Capacity)
Rs.2400/- (Gas Geyser + Cylinder & Regulator) 2
Price of Electricity / LPG
Rs. 4.60/Unit
Rs. 21/KG (in case of Cylinder)
Rs. 14/KG ( in case of gas pipe line) 3
Cost of Energy for heating 20 Ltr. Of water up to 400C
Rs. 3.83
Rs. 1.38
Rs. 0.94 4
For a family of four persons for one month (amount spent) Rs Rs Rs 5
ADVANTAGE TO THE CONSUMER
Saving per month / family - Rs Rs 6
ADVANTAGE TO THE UTILITY
Reduction in Peak Demand
(Assuming 4 Lac Consumer using 2 KW elec. Geyser at a time during Mor.peak Hrs.)
800 MW

30. SAVINGS Parameters A B Power Purchase Cost Rs. 5.70
(Present ABT rate at 49.0 Hz)
Rs. 2.30
(Average rate of energy purchased
Saving in Peak Demand
450 MW
No. of Hrs. 6 10
Saving to Transco/day
450x103x5.70x6 = 1.5cr.
450x103x5.70x10 = 2.5cr.
450x103x2.30x6 = 0.62cr.
450x103x2.30x10 = 1.0cr.
Annual Saving (Rs. Cr.)
1.5x365 =548
2.5x365=913
0.62x365=226
1.0x65=365
Payback Period (No. of days)
100/1.5=67
100/2.5=40
100/0.62=161
100/1.0=100

31. INCENTIVE FOR INSTALLATION OF SOLAR WATER HEATER
Encouragement to be given for using solar water heaters.
Uttranchal Regulatory Commission has allowed a rebate of Rs.75/- p.m. if consumer install and uses Solar Water Heating System for 100 Ltr. Capacity .
A similar provision could be kept for Delhi also. It may be applicable to all the Distribution licensees in the State including NDMC and MES.

32. MANDATORY USE It should be mandatory to use :
ISI mark Compact Fluorescent Lamp
Electronic Chokes
Solar Water Heater in all Govt. buildings and CGHS
ISI mark pumps both for water boosting and other purposes
*Govt. of Haryana has already notified (vide No 22/52/05-5P dt ) such provisions for all Govt. buildings including Hospitals, Hostels, Canteens and Hotels etc.

33. ISI mark Compact Fluorescent Lamp be given to the consumer who has paid Energy Bill regularly for one year, in lieu of 2% rebate as per Industry practice.

34. Conclusions
Hydel Power is a critical resource for the country and its potential cannot be realised without an enabling environment and strong commitment from all the stake holders.
Let us join hands to harness the power expeditiously & collectively.
Let us undertake Power Sector reforms Expeditiously but Cautiously.
Unique attributes of hydro power and its role in bringing clean renewable energy to the World need to be well-recognised & promoted by all of us for the larger interest of the community/ society.
POWER

35. MEET/ CONTACT US WEB SITE ADDRESS: http://www.hpseb.com
ADDRESS:
CONTACT ADDRESS: Chief Engineer (PSP),
HPSEB, Vidyut Bhawan,
Shimla
TELEPHONE:
FAX:
POWER

36. THANK YOU

37. Operating the Indian Electricity Grid
Challenges
and
Future Outlook
R.P.Singh
Chairman and Managing Director
Power Grid Corporation of India Limited

38. Indian Power System Overview
Guiding principles
Sufficient Quality Reliable and Affordable power
Generation
Owned by Central sector, State sector and Private sector
Transmission
Transmission & System Operator (TSO)
Five Geographical Regions, Three Electrical Regions
Non-discriminatory Open Access in Transmission
Distribution
State owned utilities, Private utilities, Cooperative societies
Moving towards distributed generation and distribution

39. Energy Resource Map
Coal
Hydro
Hydro potential in North east and upper part of Northern Region
Coal reserves mainly in Eastern Region
Distribution of energy resources and consumption centres are extremely unbalanced
Necessitate power transfer over long distances

40. EHV Infrastructure (as on 31.08.2005)
TRANSMISSION VOLTAGE
OWNERSHIP
TOTAL
CENTRAL
STATE
Circuit Kilometer
+ 500 kV HVDC
4,372
1,504
5,876
765 kV
charged at 400 kV
917
409
1,326
400 kV
40,854
22,607
63,461
220 kV
9,220
98,521
107,741
132 kV*
2,152
93,126
95,278
Total
57,515
216,167
273,682
* 132 kV network as on

41. All India Generation (as on 31.08.2005)
Total Installed Capacity: 1,22,275 MW
Total market size
587.3 BU
Thermal
486.0 BU
Hydro
84.5 BU
Nuclear
16.8 BU
Market Composition
State Sector long term PPA
46 %
Central Sector long term PPA
37 %
IPP generation
9 %
Electricity Trading
3 %
Balancing market
5 %
Renewable
(6,158 MW)
Nuclear
(3,310 MW)
Hydro
(31,745 MW)
Diesel
(1,201 MW)
Gas
(12,171 MW)
Coal (67,688 MW)

42. Per capita consumption
Load Characteristics
Others
71 kWh
Domestic
84 kWh
Agricultural
81 kWh
Commercial
26 kWh
Traction
9 kWh
Industrial
117 kWh
Public Lighting
4 kWh
Per capita consumption
Predominantly Agricultural & Domestic
Highly weather sensitive
Wide variation in peak & off peak demand
Behavior of each state different from others

43. Planning Philosophy Year 1975 to 2000 Post Year 2000 Macro Planning
Regional self-sufficiency
Asynchronous Inter regional links for emergency assistance and limited transfer of operational surplus
Focus on evacuation of Power plants
Post Year 2000
National optimization of resources
Stage wise development of transmission capacity
Focus on stability, system strengthening
Emphasis on distributed generation
Macro Planning
Centralized Perspective Plans by Central Electricity Authority (CEA)
Micro Planning
By Central Transmission Utility (CTU) in the interstate level
By State Transmission Utility (STU) in the intrastate level

44. Challenges in Planning
Achieving capacity adequacy
In Generation & Transmission
Optimization of power transmission corridors
400 kV multi circuit, 765 kV AC, kV HVDC Bipole
Enhancing transfer capability of existing lines using
Series compensation
System Protection Schemes
Phasor Measuring Units (Wide Area Measurement)
Formation of National Grid by 2012
Total investment required : INR 710 Billion (US $ 15.7 Bn)
Investment by POWERGRID: INR 500 Billion (US $ 11.1 Bn)
Investment by private investors: INR 210 Billion (US $ 4.6 Bn)
Address deficiencies in sub-transmission system
High Voltage Distribution System, Distribution Management System
Managing international power transactions

45. Regional Grid Management
Grid Operation philosophy
Decentralized Operation & Control (Loose power pool)
State power system treated as Notional (flexible) Control Area
Very tight control of actual interchange by utilities not mandated
Deviations from pre-committed schedules appropriately priced
Unity of Command
National Load Despatch Centre (NLDC)
Regional Load Despatch (RLDC) apex body within the region
State Load Despatch Centre (SLDC) apex body within the state

46. Ensuring System Security & Stability
Protection Coordination at Regional level
Under frequency, df/dt relays, under voltage relays
Hybrid operation of Long HVDC & EHV AC system
Use of Dynamic Compensation- FACTS, SVC
Frequency Controller on HVDC Back to Back
Using Advanced tools of System Visualization
SCADA, EMS, Unified Network Database
Dedicated communication system
Real-time Balancing by operator complemented by
Frequency linked Pricing for Active Power imbalance
Voltage linked Pricing for Reactive Power imbalance

47. Empowering the grid operator
Open architecture based unified data acquisition system
Moving towards operation by exception through
Intelligent alarm processing
Drawing operator attention through blinking/colored/dotted displays
Utilization of classical energy management tools
Thrust on use of enhanced visualization techniques
Geographical maps & 3-dimensional displays
Simplification of navigation in application software
Ease-of-use end result
Improving system data reliability through
Quality flags
Ensuring availability of communication network
Seamless confluence of SCADA and the MIS
Skill enhancement through training, simulator exercises
Experienced Operators work with fresh engineers

48. Data Acquisition & Communication System
NLDC
RTU
SUB LDC
SLDC
RLDC
23 Nos.
51 Nos.
1160 Nos.
5 Nos.
Plant/Sub Station Level
Group of District Level
State HQ Level
Region Level
National Level
Dedicated
communication system
For data and speech

49. Applying technology
Compressing gestation period of transmission projects
Satellite imaging for detailed survey & route alignment
Standardization of tower design
Enhancing transfer capability on existing line
Series Compensation, Flexible AC Transmission system
Reconductoring using aluminum alloy conductors
Optimization of power transmission corridors
400 kV multi circuit, 765 kV AC, kV HVDC Bipole
Adoption of higher voltages for loss reduction
Installation of switched shunt reactors
Gas insulated substations
Switching over to numerical relays
Convergence of Communication & Transmission
Optical Fibre Ground Wire (OPGW)

50. Grid performance Number of Grid Disturbances have come down
Inter regional
Power exchanges
have increased
manifold

51. Challenges in Grid operation
ELECTRICAL REGIONS
Secure & Reliable operation of large synchronous system
Synchronous operation of Northern Region with Central Grid
By 2006 we shall have only two electrical regions
Development of a competitive power market
Harmonizing interests of stake holders
Building mutual trust
Ensuring the ‘Right Man’ behind-the-wheels
Capturing wealth of operator experience in form of expert systems 1
NORTHERN REGION
NORTH-EASTERN REGION
EASTERN REGION 2
WESTERNREGION 3
Same frequency from Gujarat to Arunanchal Pradesh with effect from March 2003
About 2800
kilometers apart
SOUTHERN REGION

52. Thank you for your attention
Namaskar !!!