1. Digestive system

2. Functions of the digestive system
Breaks down food into molecules the body can use
absorption of those molecules into the blood and carried throughout the body
Wastes are eliminated from the body

3. Mechanical digestion Happens in the mouth with the teeth
Changes the physical form of food
Chew
Tear
Grind
Mash
mix

4. teeth

5. Chemical digestion
Changes the chemical composition of food with the aid of digestive enzymes
These enzymes help break up large molecules of food into tiny molecules that can be absorbed and used by the cells in the form of nutrition

6. Phases of digestion Ingestion Movement Digestion Absorption
Further digestion

7. The digestive tract A long muscular tube with many sections and areas
Begins with the mouth and ends with the anus

8. Parts and path of the digestive tract
Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestines
Large intestines
Rectum
anus

10. mouth Food enters in the oral cavity Tasting
Mechanical breakdown of food
Secretions of salivary glands
Tongue
Mixes and rolls food into mashed up bits and pushes toward the pharynx and into the esophagus when swallowing

11. esophagus
A straight muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach
Takes 4-8 seconds to get to the stomach

12. stomach
J shaped sac
Has inner folds called rugae that help make the stomach turn the food into smaller pieces
Food is mixed with gastric juices (acid) which breaks food down and kills bacteria that came with the food
Mucus lines the stomach so the acid wont eat through the lining
Food is converted to chyme after 4 hours (food soup)

13. Small intestines
20+ foot coiled tube that connects the stomach to the large intestines
Has 3 parts
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Digested nutrients absorb through the intestinal walls

14. Large intestines Aka the colon
Larger in diameter but shorter than the small intestines
Undigested food from the small intestines comes here
Water is absorbed from the undigested food making it a harder solid
Waste stays here for hours
Appendix hangs off the large intestines

15. Rectum and anus
Solid waste stays in the rectum until pushed out or excreted through the anus
Anus is the outside opening

16. Accessory parts of the digestive tract
Organs that are not in the digestive tract but help in the digestion
Teeth
Tongue
Salivary glands
Liver
Gall bladder
pancreas

17. Accessory organs Liver Pancreas Gall bladder Largest gland in the body
Stores vitamins and sugar
Produces bile
Pancreas
Produces juices that contain enzymes that goes into the duodenum
Gall bladder
Stores bile

18. Fun facts about the digestive system
We make 1 to 3 pints of saliva a day
Muscles contract in waves to move the food down the esophagus. This means that food would get to a person's stomach, even if they were standing on their head
It takes your mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, gallbladder, pancreas and liver just to digest a glass of milk
An adults stomach can hold approximately 1.5 liters of material
The average male will eat about 50 tons of food during his lifetime in order to sustain a weight of 150 pounds
A full grown horse’s coiled up intestines are 89 feet long.