1. Urinary Elimination

2. …..is defined as the excretion of waste products.
Elimination Concept
…..is defined as the excretion of waste products.
Urinary Elimination
….is the passage of urine through the urinary tract by means of the urinary sphincter and urethra.
Giddens 2013

3. Organs of Urinary Elimination
Kidneys
Remove waste from the blood to form urine
Ureters
Transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder
Bladder
Reservoir for urine until the urge to urinate develops
Urethra
Urine travels from the bladder and exits through the urethral meatus.

4. Alterations in urinary elimination

5. Pre-class Assignment

6. Urinary Tract Infection

7. Urinary Incontinence

8. Conditions Affecting Urination
Conditions that make it difficult to reach and use toilet facilities
Cognitive impairments
Diseases that slow or hinder physical activity

9. Indications for Catheterization

10. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

13. Urinary Tract Infection Consequences
Results from catheterization or procedure
CAUTIs
(Catheter-associated Urinary Tract Infections)
Increased hospitalization
Increased morbidity and mortality
Longer hospital stay
Increased hospital cost

14. Absorbent Products

15. Types of Urinary Diversions

16. Urinary Diversion

17. An accumulation of urine due to the inability of the bladder to empty
Urinary Retention
An accumulation of urine due to the inability of the bladder to empty
Signs and Symptoms
Bladder distention
No UO in several hours
May void small amounts of urine 2-3 times an hour
Treatment
Residual urine
Bladder scan
I & O catheter

18. Bladder Scanner

19. Case study

21. Urinary Assessment on Admission
hemodialysis
buried penis
burning upon urination
congenital anomalies
continuous ambulatory PD
decreased urination
enlarged prostrate
hematuria
hernia
Incontinence
hx interstitial cystitis
kidney disease
kidney stones
nephrotic syndrome
nocturia
ostomy GU
renal failure
sexually transmitted disease
ureteropelvic junction obstruction
urinary frequency, hesitancy, tract infection, reflux, urgency, retention

22. KUB
right
left
IVP CT

23. Skill Lab

24. Assessment of Urine Intake and output (I&O) Characteristics of urine
Color
Pale-straw to amber color
Clarity
Transparent unless pathology is present
Odor
Ammonia in nature
Urine testing
Specimen collection

25. Types of Male Urinals

26. Alternatives for Male Urination: Condom Catheter

27. External Urinary Device

28. Types of Bedpans

29. Catheterization Catheter insertion Closed drainage systems
Catheter care
Perineal hygiene
Fluid intake
Removal of indwelling catheter

30. Closed drainage systems
Important points
Closed drainage systems
Catheter care

31. Types of Catheters

32. Obtaining a Urine Specimen from an Indwelling Foley Catheter