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Turn in DBQ.

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Presentation on theme: "Turn in DBQ."— Presentation transcript:

1 Turn in DBQ

2 4:17 Africa We cannot reckon how great the damage is, since the mentioned merchants are taking every day our natives, sons of the land and the sons of our noblemen, and vassals and our relatives, because the theieves and men of bad conscience grab them wishing to have the things and wares of this kingdom. –Kongo King alphonso to the king of Portugal (1526)

3 Songhai Empire Songhai Empire ( )— replaced Mali Empire along the Niger River united under Sunni Ali, powerful army and navy, trans-Saharan trade Askia Muhammad ( )— built schools, mosques conquered by Moroccans using European guns

4 Atlantic Slave Trade Portuguese set up trading posts along African coasts slave raids—African kings captured POWs for European gunpowder and cannons West African Gold Coast kingdoms produced most slaves Kongo, Benin, Whydah, Dahomey, Oyo, Asante POWs, criminals, kidnap victims

5 Atlantic Slave Trade European explorers considered Africans advantageous for labor Native Americans knew their land (escape), killed by disease European indentured servants not good outdoor laborers

6 Destination of Enslaved Africans
Percentage Portuguese colonies 39% British Caribbean colonies 18% Spanish colonies French colonies 14% British mainland colonies 6% Dutch Caribbean colonies 2% Other 3%

7

8 Atlantic Slave Trade High demand for slaves meant African traders could be picky about exchange items barracoons (“slave castles”)—West African holding pens where slaves awaited European ships

9 Atlantic Slave Trade Middle Passage journey took ~6 weeks
up to 25% of slaves died en route rebellions (Amistad, 1839) 8M sent between

10 Indian Ocean Slave Trade
slaves continued to be transported across Indian Ocean trade network 1.5M sent between mostly women and children worked as concubines, servants, entertainers

11 African Syncretism in the Colonies
creole—mixed European and African language blend religion—Christianity mixed with animism Santeria in Cuba, Voodoo in Haiti, Candomble in Brazil music—syncopated rhythms and percussion Gospel, blues, jazz, hip hop, samba, reggae spirituals as a means of entertainment, communication food—rice, okra, sweet potatoes, gumbo

12 Effects of the Slave Trade on Africa
Country Black Population by Percentage Black Population Total Number United States 13.6% 42 million Brazil 28% 14.5 million Haiti 95% 9.7 million Columbia 21% 9.6 million Dominican Republic 84% 8.4 million France 8% 3.8 million Jamaica 97.4% 2.8 million African diaspora— dispersion of Africans out of Africa most lost their native languages after a generation gender imbalance lack of men increases women’s influence in African society

13 Effects of the Slave Trade on Africa
Country Black Population by Percentage Black Population Total Number United States 13.6% 42 million Brazil 28% 14.5 million Haiti 95% 9.7 million Columbia 21% 9.6 million Dominican Republic 84% 8.4 million France 8% 3.8 million Jamaica 97.4% 2.8 million African kingdoms expand from gunpowder and slave profits dependence on European goods slows innovation new foods from Columbian Exchange  population boom in Africa

14 Abolition Movement abolition—movement to end slavery
inspired by Enlightenment values of freedom and democracy Haiti the first country in the Americas to end slavery Toussaint L’Ouverture—led a rebellion in the French colony in 1804 American Civil War ( ) ended slavery in the US

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