1. Safety Basics
Set 2
Marissa Morton
SAAIP Top Jobs Intern

2. Fatality Facts
More than 100 youth younger than age 20 are killed each year in farm work related incidents
Between 1982 and 1996, there were 2,174 farm deaths among youth younger than 20
1/3 of the fatalities involved machinery
Males age 20 and younger accounted for 85% of the fatalities

3. Injury Facts
32,000 youth injuries occurred in 1998 on farms (44% were work related)
A rate of 1.2—1.4 injuries/100 youth was reported nationwide
Falls, animals, and off road vehicle use were three sources of injury
Hand, head, and leg injuries are most common
Livestock and dairy farms are top of the list, followed by crop farms

4. What is Risk?
Risk: “the chance you take of becoming injured by a hazard”
Risk measurements are in terms of probability (odds and/or chances)

5. Reduce Risk Recognize your traits that increase risk
Recognize when more training is necessary to complete a job
Remove as many hazards from the workplace as possible
Use safe technology correctly

6. Reaction Time
“The time it takes for a person to react to an event or an emergency
Factors affecting reaction time:
Experience
Age
Fitness
Fatigue
Illness
Pre-occupation
Distraction
Mood
Weather
Drugs/Medication
Alcohol and Tobacco
Machine Vibrations
Poor Vision
Poor Hearing

7. Age Appropriate Tasks Age 12-13 Age 14-15 Hand raking/digging
Limited power tool use with supervision
Operating lawn mower or garden tractor
Handling/assisting with animals
Other low-risk tasks
Age 14-15
Equipment Maintenance
Manual feeding of livestock
Operating non-articulated tractors for fieldwork
Raking Hay
Operating a pressure washer

8. Age Appropriate Tasks Age 16-18
Ordinary use of tractors, self propelled machinery, augers, elevators, and other equipment
Pulling oversize loads, simultaneous use of multiple vehicles, and applying chemicals (with proper training)

9. Severe Weather Areas of risk include:
High Temperatures (heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heat stroke)
High Humidity (thunderstorms, lightning, tornadoes)
Winter Weather (Frostbite, Hypothermia, Loss of Traction)

10. Heat and Cold Protection
Proper attire should be worn in heat and cold conditions
Heat: Sunscreen, wide brim hat, bandana, long sleeve shirt, long trousers
Cold: First layer T-shirt, second layer work shirt, third layer sweater, fourth layer jacket

11. Lightning, Tornadoes, and Rain
Check weather forecast
Observe threatening clouds
Seek low spots in open fields for shelter
Use closed buildings for shelter if possible
Tractors with cabs and vehicles can be used for shelter
Remain alert to storms if tornado “watch” is issued
Do not try to outrun a tornado
Seek a low ditch, face down for tornado shelter
Go to basements or inner rooms of buildings for shelter

12. Lightning, Tornadoes, and Rain
Rain makes fields slippery! Be careful—tractor steps may be muddy and wet fields reduce traction
Flash flooding can occur
Accidents during storms occur when workers hurry to get the job done quickly

13. Housekeeping
Aisles and pathways should be wide enough and high enough for safe movement
There should be adequate lighting and ventilation
Slip resistant floors are a good idea
Pits and floor openings should be covered
Sharp edges should be eliminated
Exits need to be clearly defined
Sink and toilet facilities should be clean and sanitary

14. Personal Dress Wear snug-fitting clothes Leave jewelry at home
Wear hard shoes with slip-resistant treads…no sandals!
Tie shoes tight
Tie long hair back
Wear long pants at the correct length
Careful of dangling sleeves, pantlegs, etc.

15. Hazard Signs, Hand Signals
Be Aware of what hazard signs are out there and what they mean
Memorize proper hand signals

16. Personal Protective Equipment
Eye—goggles, face shield
Respiratory—dust/cartridge mask)
Head—caps, hard hats
Hearing—ear plugs, acoustic muff
Foot—steel toe shoe
Hand—Gloves

17. First Aid and Rescue
Along with safe equipment, a safe work site should have:
A person trained in CPR
First Aid kit and supplies
Emergency plan (with phone numbers)
Location or site map for emergency responders

18. First Aid Equipment Roller Bandages Adhesive Tape
Sterile First-Aid Dressings and Compresses (various sizes)
Disinfectant Soap or Wound Cleaner
Tweezers
Scissors
Latex Gloves
Directions for Requesting Emergency Assistance