1. Chapters 3 & 4 Test Review

2. Farms that produced just enough to meet the needs of their families Subsistence farming
2. The main economic activity in all of the colonies was
Farming

3. Early Government
3. The first representative legislature in the colonies- House of Burgesses
4. This document was created by the Pilgrims to pledge their loyalty to England and for them to promise to obey laws passed for the “general good of the colony”. The Mayflower Compact

4. 5. The first written constitution in America
5. The first written constitution in America. It described the organization of representative government in detail. Fundamental Orders of

5. 6. 15,000 Puritans migrated to Massachusetts
6. 15,000 Puritans migrated to Massachusetts. This is called the Great Migration.

6. 7. Why did Europeans choose to move to the Colonies?
Religious reasons and Economic Reasons (trade)

7. 8. What colony did William Penn establish for the Quakers?
Pennsylvania
9. Which colony was established as a safe haven for Catholics?
Maryland

8. 10. Which colony was created so debtors and poor people could start over?
Georgia
11. What was the leg of the triangular trade route in which enslaved Africans were shipped to the West Indies?
Middle Passage

9. 12. Farm crop to be sold in markets in the colonies or markets overseas? Cash Crops Why were the Middle Colonies called the “bread Basket colonies” Abundance of grain and wheat crops

10. ** Both bad for agriculture**
New England
14. Where was the center of the shipping trade in North America?
New England region
15. Describe the climate and geography in the New England colonies?
- Cold, long winters
Rocky soil
** Both bad for agriculture**

11. Mild winters, Warm summers ** Great for agriculture**
16. Describe the climate and geography in the Southern colonies?
Mild winters, Warm summers
Rich, Fertile soil
** Great for agriculture**
17. What was the principle cash crop in Maryland and Virginia?
Tobacco

12. 18. What was the principle cash crop in South Carolina and Georgia?
Rice

13. Demand for tobacco was high !!!
SLAVERY
19. How did the demand for tobacco affect the number of slaves in the Southern colonies?
Demand for tobacco was high !!!
Tobacco = $$$
Plantation owners wanted to produce as much tobacco as possible. Therefore, there was an increase in slave labor (Free Labor)

14. 20. This English document guaranteed certain basic rights to all citizens and will later inspire the American Bill of Rights. The English Bill of Rights (duh)

15. TRADE 21. To sell abroad (ship out of) is to EXPORT
22. To buy from foreign markets (to bring in) is to IMPORT

16. 23. Who was the best known scientist in America and exemplified the Enlightenment? Benjamin Franklin Laws passed between 1651 and 1673 that directed the flow of goods between England and the colonies (restricted trade) Navigation Acts

17. 25. The economic theory that as a nation’s trade grows, it’s gold reserves increase and the nation becomes more powerful.
Mercantilism
**WEALTH = POWER**

18. 26. The powerful religious revival that swept over the colonies beginning in the 1720’s. It affected the way in which colonists viewed themselves, their relationships with one another, and their faith.
The Great Awakening

19. **Magna Carta 1215…Limits power of the King**
27. Another name for a plantation boss.
Overseer
28. In 1215, this English document established the principle of limited government.
Magna Carta
**Magna Carta 1215…Limits power of the King**

20. 29. This court case set the precedent for free press in America.
John Peter Zenger

21. England (Britain) and France
30. By 1700, these two countries were the major powers in North America.
England (Britain) and France

22. 31. Ben Franklin’s plan that called for one general government for all the colonies. He wanted to unite the American colonies against the French.
Albany Plan of Union

23. 32. What was the war between the English and their Native American allies and the French and their Native American allies called?
French and Indian War
33. What was the name of the treaty that ended the war?
Treaty of Paris

24. They raised taxes on the colonists **Colonists did not like this**
34. After the war, what did the British raise to help pay for the costly war?
They raised taxes on the colonists
**Colonists did not like this**

25. Colonists were not allowed west of the Appalachian Mountains
35. To prevent more fighting, Britain called a halt to the settlers westward expansion. What was this called?
Proclamation of 1763
Colonists were not allowed west of the Appalachian Mountains
The colonists also did not like this !!