Bloodborne Pathogens Timber Products Manufacturers.

Bloodborne Pathogens Timber Products Manufacturers

Timber Products Manufacturers Association
Ideal vs. Real Ideally: Controls, work practices, precautionary measures eliminate accidents from occurring Reality: Accidents can and do occur Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Safety and Health Risks
Blood and body fluids can carry pathogenic mircoorganisms that can cause: Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus Human immunodeficiency viruses Cutaneous anthrax Rabies Vaccinia Understand the dangers & your role in a medical emergency! Timber Products Manufacturers Association

At-Risk Employees Who is at risk? Workers with occupational exposure Exposure control plan Required training Good Samaritans Be aware of risks Be aware of precautionary measures Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Today’s Agenda 12 Essential Elements
Causes and modes of transmission of bloodborne pathogens Symptoms of bloodborne diseases Exposure control plan and how to obtain a copy of the written plan Appropriate methods for recognizing tasks and other activities that may involve exposure to blood and OPIMs Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Use and limitations of methods that will prevent or reduce exposure Types, proper use, location, removal, handling, decontamination and disposal of personal protective equipment Basis for selection of personal protective equipment Hepatitis B vaccine Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Appropriate actions to take and persons to contact in an emergency involving blood or OPIMs Procedure to follow if an exposure incident occurs Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up that the employer is required to provide Signs and labels and/or color coding Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Causes and Modes of Transmission
Exposure can be divided into two subgroups: Direct: Microorganisms transferred without a contaminated intermediate object or person Indirect: Transfer of infectious agent through contaminated intermediate object or person Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Hepatitis Transmits through direct and indirect contact Affects the liver Causes can be due to: Toxins Certain drugs Diseases Heavy alcohol use Bacterial and viral infections Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Hepatitis Two of the most common types: Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Hepatitis B virus Ranges in severity Transmits when infected blood or other body fluid enters body of non-infected person Exposes employees when: Needles, syringes, or other drug-injection equipment are shared Items such as razors are shared with an infected person Direct contact with the blood (even dried blood spills) or open sores Exposed to blood from needlesticks or other sharp instruments Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Hepatitis B virus CDC says HBV is not spread routinely through: Food or water Sharing eating utensils Hugging Holding hands Coughing Sneezing Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Hepatitis C virus Spreads through direct contact with infected blood Can cause serious health problems Is a leading cause of liver cancer Is not transmitted efficiently through occupational exposure Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Hepatitis C virus Transmission methods include: Blood transfusions and organ transplants Sharing needles or other equipment to inject drugs Body piercing or tattoos in unlicensed or informal facilities Blood contamination Sexual transmission, in rare cases Childbirth Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Hepatitis C virus CDC says HCV is not spread routinely through: Casual or mouth-to-mouth contact Hugging Sneezing Coughing Sharing food Sharing eating utensils Sharing glasses Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Human immunodeficiency virus Spreads through direct and indirect contact with HIV Leads to AIDS Two types: HIV–1 HIV-2 Destroys blood cells that help body fight diseases Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Human immunodeficiency virus Transmission methods include: Unprotected sex with someone who has HIV Sharing needles, syringes, rinse water, or other equipment used to prepare illicit drugs for injection Birth to an infected mother — HIV can be passed from mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breast-feeding Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Human immunodeficiency virus Less common transmission in workplace include: Being “stuck” with an HIV-contaminated needle or other sharp object Receiving blood transfusions, blood products, or organ/tissue transplants contaminated with HIV Unsafe or unsanitary injections or other medical or dental practices Being bitten and skin is not broken Contact between broken skin, wounds, or mucous membranes and HIV-infected blood or blood-contaminated body fluids Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Human immunodeficiency virus CDC says HIV cannot spread by: Air or water Insects, including mosquitoes Saliva, tears, or sweat Casual contact like shaking hands or sharing dishes Closed-mouth contact Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Cutaneous anthrax Occupational exposure could occur when: Non-intact skin or mucous membrane is exposed to drainage from cutaneous anthrax lesion There is entry through skin with sharp instrument contaminated with lesion drainage Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Rabies Occupational exposure could occur when: Non-intact skin or mucous membrane is exposed to saliva, nerve tissue, or cerebral spinal fluid from infected person There is entry through skin with sharp instrument contaminated with infected nerve tissue Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Rabies CDC says rabies is not thought to spread by: Blood Urine Feces Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Vaccinia Occupational exposure could occur when: Mucous membranes or non-intact skin contact with drainage from a vaccinia infection Susceptible skin comes into direct contact with object contaminated with lesion material Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Symptoms of Bloodborne Diseases
Hepatitis B virus Symptoms of acute HBV, if they appear, include: Fever Fatigue Loss of appetite Nausea Vomiting Abdominal pain Dark urine Clay-colored bowel movements Joint pain Jaundice (yellow color in the skin or the eyes) Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Hepatitis B virus Symptoms may appear: 90 days (or 3 months) after exposure Any time between 6 weeks - 6 months after exposure 20 or 30 years after exposure Many people with HBV have no symptoms, but can still spread the virus Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Hepatitis C virus Symptoms of HCV: Fever Fatigue Loss of appetite Nausea Vomiting Abdominal pain Dark urine Clay-colored bowel movements Joint pain Jaundice (yellow color in the skin or the eyes) Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Human immunodeficiency virus Symptoms of HIV: Fever Chills Rash Night sweats Muscle aches Sore throat Fatigue Swollen lymph nodes Ulcers in the mouth Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Human immunodeficiency virus Symptoms may appear: Within a few weeks after infection Up to 10 years or longer Many people with HIV have no symptoms, but it is still affecting their body Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Cutaneous anthrax Symptoms include: Raised itchy bump that proceeds to painless ulcer with black area in the center Swollen lymph glands Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Rabies Symptoms include: General weakness or discomfort Fever Headache Prickling or itching at site of bite proceeding to: Cerebral dysfunction Delirium Anxiety Abnormal behavior Confusion Insomnia Agitation Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Vaccinia virus Symptoms include: Rash (mild to severe) Fever Head and body aches Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Exposure Control Plan Based on exposure determination Updated annually to reflect changes Contains employee input Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Exposure Control Plan Elements of the plan: Implementation of universal precautions Identification and use of engineering controls Provisions for personal protective equipment Availability of hepatitis B vaccinations for all employees with occupational exposure Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Exposure Control Plan Elements of the plan: Availability of post-exposure evaluation and follow-up for any occupationally exposed employee who experiences an exposure incident Use of labels and signs to communicate hazards Provision for information and training Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Methods to Recognize Exposure
Occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens is not limited to occupations or employment in one or a few industries. It is based on whether or not employees are reasonably expected to have skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral contact with blood and/or any body fluids that are contaminated with blood resulting from the performance of their assigned job duties. Timber Products Manufacturers Association

One way to determine occupational exposure is to recognize tasks such as: Drawing blood Processing and packaging blood and other biological specimens for shipping Cleansing and bandaging cuts, burns, and other open wounds Providing emergency treatment of traumatic wounds Performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation Cleaning up spilled blood or OPIMs Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Decontaminating surfaces and reusable equipment Picking up waste baskets and bags which often contain needles Cleaning blood spills and handling infectious waste Sorting or processing potentially contaminated laundry Collecting a blood specimen, cleaning and dressing wounds, and managing intrathecal, epidural, etc. Exposure to behaviors that involve scratching, biting, and self-mutilation Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Controls to Prevent Exposure
Systems used to prevent and control exposure: Engineering controls Work practices Personal protective equipment Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Engineering controls Reduce exposure by either removing or isolating the hazard or isolating the worker from exposure Are limited in effectiveness to proper selection, examination, and maintenance Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Work practices Alter the manner in which a task is performed Can consist of: Restricting eating, drinking, smoking, applying cosmetics or lip balm, and handling contact lenses Prohibiting mouth pipetting Preventing the storage of food or drink in refrigerators or other locations where blood or OPIMs are kept Providing and requiring the use of handwashing facilities Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Work practices Routinely checking equipment and decontaminating it prior to servicing and shipping Washing hands when gloves are removed and as soon as possible after skin contact with blood or OPIMs is required Always using gloves when cleaning up any blood spills Prohibiting recapping, bending, removing, shearing, or breaking contaminated needles Timber Products Manufacturers Association 7d

Personal protective equipment Must be used if engineering and work practice control do not eliminate exposure Can consist of: Gloves Gowns Laboratory coats Face shields or masks Eye protection Appropriate only if it prevents blood or OPIMs from passing through or reaching clothes or body Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Housekeeping Work practices related to housekeeping: Cleaning and decontaminating the environment that has been contaminated with blood or OPIM Decontaminating work surfaces after completion of procedures; immediately after spills of blood or OPIMs Removing and replacing protective coverings when contaminated Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Housekeeping Work practices related to housekeeping: Regularly inspecting and decontaminating reusable receptacles that are likely to become contaminated Using mechanical means to pick up contaminated broken glass Storing or processing reusable sharps in a way that ensures safe handling Placing other regulated waste in closable, leak-proof, and labeled or color‑coded containers Timber Products Manufacturers Association 7g

Housekeeping Work practices related to housekeeping: Placing discarded contaminated sharps in labeled or color‑coded containers that are closable, puncture‑resistant, and leak-proof Keeping sharps containers upright during use, replaced routinely, closed when moved, and not overfilled Handling contaminated laundry as little as possible and using appropriate PPE Placing wet contaminated laundry in labeled or color‑coded leak‑proof containers Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Universal precautions Precautionary measures based on the principle that all blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions except sweat, nonintact skin, and mucous membranes may contain transmissible infectious agents. These include: Hand hygiene Use of gloves, gown, mask, eye protection, or face shield, depending on the anticipated exposure; and Safe injection practices Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Proper PPE Use and Handling
For PPE to be effective, observe the following precautions: Remove protective equipment when contaminated and before leaving work area Place in appropriately designated areas or container Wear appropriate gloves when there is reasonable hazard of contact with blood or OPIMs Replace gloves if torn, punctured, contaminated, or no longer function as a barrier (i.e. gloves) Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Proper PPE Use and Handling
Never wash or decontaminate disposable gloves for reuse Only decontaminate utility gloves if integrity is not compromised Wear face and eye protection whenever risk of splashes, sprays, spatters, or droplets of blood or OPIMs Wear protective body coverings when occupation exposure is anticipated Remove garments when saturated with blood or OPIMs Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Selecting PPE The selection of PPE is based on
anticipated contact with blood or OPIMs Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Hepatitis B Vaccine This vaccine is: Free of charge to workers with occupational exposure Best way to prevent hepatitis B Given in 3-4 shots over a 6-month period Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Hepatitis B Vaccine Possible side effects of vaccination: May still get the illness if body does not respond Fever or soreness at injection site Allergic reactions Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Emergency Action Your response to an injured or ill person: Depends on assigned job role Consists of the actions identified Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Report Incident Exposure
If occupational exposure occurs follow procedures identified Timber Products Manufacturers Association 12a

Post-Exposure If occupational exposure occurs: Understand that medical evaluation and follow- up will be available at no cost Evaluation and follow-up will be performed by or under supervision of licensed health care professional Laboratory tests will be conducted by an accredited laboratory at no cost Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Post-Exposure Medical evaluation and follow-up involves: Documenting exposure route and circumstances Identifying and documenting the source individual Testing the source individual’s blood Making the results of testing available to exposed employee Collecting exposed employee’s blood Providing post-exposure measures Providing counseling Evaluating reported illnesses Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Post-Exposure Health care professional will provide: Copy of OSHA regulation Description of exposed employee’s duties in relation to exposure incident Documentation of exposure route and circumstances Results of source individual’s blood testing All relevant medical records appropriate for treatment Written opinion Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Exposed employee will receive
Post-Exposure Exposed employee will receive a copy of evaluating health care professional’s written opinion within 15 days of completion of evaluation Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Signs, Labels, Color-Coding
Warning labels will be affixed to items such as: Containers of regulated waste Containers of contaminated reusable sharps Refrigerators and freezers containing blood or OPIMs Containers used to store, transport, ship blood or OPIMs Contaminated equipment being shipped or serviced Bags or containers of contaminated laundry Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Labels will: Include appropriate legend in fluorescent orange or orange-red Be affixed as close as feasible to the container Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Items that do not need labels: Labeled containers of blood released for clinical use Regulated waste that is decontaminated Timber Products Manufacturers Association 14c

Conclusion Key Elements to Take Away
Know the causes and modes of transmission Recognize the symptoms of bloodborne diseases Know how to obtain a copy of exposure control plan Recognize tasks and other activities that may involve exposure to blood or OPIMs Be aware of and use the available engineering controls work practices, and personal protective equipment Understand your rights to vaccination, medical evaluation, and follow-up Take appropriate actions in an emergency or incident Timber Products Manufacturers Association 15a

Timber Products Manufacturers (509) 535-4646 www.timberassociation.com
Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Bloodborne Pathogens Timber Products Manufacturers.

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