1. Lesson 1-Looking Neat & Clean Lesson 2-Caring for Your Eyes & Ears
Personal Health
Lesson 1-Looking Neat & Clean
Lesson 2-Caring for Your Eyes & Ears

2. Lesson 1:
Looking Neat & Clean

3. Looking Neat & Clean The largest organ in the body is…
Weighs between 8 to 10lbs and may cover 2 square yards
Sweat Glands: are well below you skin’s surface secrete perspiration.
Body odor is the result of bacteria form perspiration decomposing on the skin
Regular bathing & the use of antiperspirants help minimize this effect
Antiperspirant: reduces the amount of perspiration produced by the body
Deodorant: reduces body odor.
Sweat Glands-secrete perspiration especially under your arms. Body odor is the result of bacteria from perspiration decomposing on the skin.
Grooming-it begins with caring for you the largest organ in the body. This is?? Your Skin

4. There are 3 layers of the skin: Epidermis, dermis and Subcutaneous Layer.
Epidermis: outer layer of the skin
Dermis: the inner layer of the skin which contains blood and lymph vessels, hair follicles and glands. These glands produce sweat.
Subcutaneous Layer: fat layer

5. How To Care for Your Skin
Caring for your skin is an important part of good grooming.
Bathe or Shower daily
Use an underarm deodorant or antiperspirant
Use a sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 15 or higher & wear protective clothing when in the sun
Seek medical care for skin rashes
Check monthly for changes in size, color, or shape of moles, warts, and freckles.
Bathe or Shower daily—especially after exercise. Use mild soap & warm water. Dry off with a clean towel. Avoid sharing soaps and towels
Protective clothing such as… Sunscreens what else should you look for? Protects against both UVA & UVB rays
Watch for sores that do not heal.
Why is it important to check monthly for changes of moles, warts and freckles???? What could happen??

6. Moles are usually harmless, but they can develop into Melanoma
Moles are usually harmless, but they can develop into Melanoma. Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer.
What steps can you take to help prevent Melanoma?? …not use tanning beds, use SPF 15 or higher with both UVA and UVB protection, protective clothing

7. Let’s Learn Some More
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8. ACNE Sebaceous glands Clogged pores lead to acne
Acne: is a skin condition in which glands and hair follicles become inflamed, resulting in pimples, whiteheads and blackheads
Sebaceous Glands—in the skin secrete oil to keep the skin soft.
During the teen years, these glands produce extra amounts of oil, which may clog the pores.
Acne—can occur over the face, neck, shoulders, upper arms and torso
If a teen is experiencing trouble with acne, who should they consult??? A dermatologist—a physician who specialize in caring for the skin, treats severe acne.

9. Tips for Fighting Acne Dermatologist
Gently Wash-never scrub-affected areas. Pat dry
Do not rub or squeeze pimples, whiteheads or blackheads
Use cosmetics, especially oily makeup, sparingly.
Acne should be treated by a dermatologist, especially cases that are severe.

10. Nails protect the ends of fingers and toes from infections and from injury…
Keeping nails clean helps remove bacteria—Staphylococcus.
If you scratch a cut or insect bite, staph can enter your body & can cause illness
Cuticle—dead epidermis surrounding the nail
Hangnails—bits of cuticle become loose
Nail Care
By providing protective surface for the skin underneath
Staph can live under the nail
Hangnails can become infected. Never pull a hangnail. To avoid this problem, push cuticles back gently when you wash your hands.

11. What part of the body has the thickest skin???
The soles of the feet have to be thick and rough to take the pounding that a person gives them by standing, walking, running and jogging.

13. FOOT CARE Wear comfortable shoes…
Wash feet daily, dry thoroughly & wear clean socks to avoid foot odor
Allow shoes to air 24 hrs. before wearing them again
Cut your toenails
Learn how to prevent & treat blisters, calluses, corns and ingrown toenails

14. Foot Problems to Look Out For
How To Treat It
What It Is
Raised area of the skin containing liquid that is caused by an object such as a shoe, rubbing against it
Thickened area of the skin caused by excess rubbing
A growth on the skin of the foot due to excessing rubbing of a shoe against the foot
A toenail that grows into the skin
Keep clean, dry & covered with a bandage. Avoid further rubbing
Soak in warm, soapy water for 10 mins and then gently use a pumice stone to help get ride of dead skin
Apply a corn pad from a drugstore. Avoid further rubbing or squeezing
See a physician for treatment
The PROBLEM:
Blister
Callus
Corn
Ingrown Toenail
QUESTION: What three foot problems described in the chart might result from having shoes that are too tight? Why?
ANSWER: Blisters, Calluses, and corns—all are caused by rubbing

15. Top Left= Blister: can blow up like a small balloon
Top Right= Corn: Corns can resemble a small kernel of corn in the foot
Bottom Let= Ingrown Toenail: toenail grown in
Bottom Right= Callus: think of a callous person as being very hard, like the hard skin of a callus

16. Hair Care Shampooing once every other day is usually enough…
What can happen if you shampoo too often?
Dandruff—is made up of flakes of dead skin on the scalp
Head lice—is caused by parasitic animals that live on the scalp
Hair Care
…unless you are extremely active
More frequent washing can dry out your hair
You hair can get dried out… this can create dandruff
Head lice, takes the use of special medicated shampoo and a special comb to remove lice and their nits, or tiny white eggs. Lice can be contracted by sharing a brush, comb, or hat with a person who has them

17. Dandruff
Dandruff—the term dandruff is found on the labels of some shampoos, which claim to combat the condition

18. DO’s & DON’TS OF HAIR CARE
Wash your hair at least 2x a week
Lather up once, then rinse thoroughly
Comb, never brush, wet hair
Dry your hair naturally or use a low dryer setting
Massage your scalp to stimulate blood circulation
Overuse hairspray, mousse, gel or other products that dry out the hair
Inhale aerosol hairsprays
Share combs, brushes
Overexpose your hair to the sun
Pull hair back too tightly
DON’TS
*in hale aerosol hairsprays as they might contain poisonous products
*overexpose your hair to the sun. too much sun can dry, dull and fray hair
*pull hair back too tightly with pins, clips, or rubber bands. These items can split the end of hairs causing damage

19. HAIR FACTS
Hair grows ½ inch per month—faster than any other part of the body
The part of your hair you can see is made of dead cells
Strands of hair can be tested to reveal a person’s age, gender, and race and whether the person is using drugs
Conditioners may make hair appear shiny, but they do not actually repair split ends
Questions: How is the sharing of hair care items connected to head lice? Sharing combs, brushes and headgear can spread lice from a person who has them.

20. Go to Quizlet for a Review https://quizlet.com/_33mbel
Question: How has the information in the lesson changed the way you think about your personal health care?

21. Caring for Your Eyes & Ears
Lesson 2
Caring for Your Eyes & Ears

22. The Eye
Your eyes function much like a camera

23. Cornea is the clear outer layer of the eye
Light passes through the cornea first

24. Iris The ring-shaped colored layer
Ring of tissue thickens in bright light and thins in dim light
Eye Color is defined by the IRIS

25. Pupil The black opening in the center of the iris
Shrinks or enlarges as the iris controls the amount of light entering the eye
The pupil is the opening in the middle of the iris. It appears black because most of the light entering it is absorbed by the tissues inside the eye.

26. Lens Part of the eye that changes shape for near or distant vision
Shape changes in the lens help focus an image on the retina
The lens is a transparent structure behind the iris, the colored part of the eye. The lens bends light rays so that they form a clear image.
The large area behind the lens is filled with a gel like substance called vitreous humor

27. Retina Inner lining of the eye
Translates focused images into nerve impulses
The retina is the third and inner coat of the eye which is a light-sensitive layer of tissue. The optics of the eye create an image of the visual world on the retina ...

28. Optic Nerve Eye’s connection to the brain
The brain interrupts nerve impulses from the optic nerve as the images that you see
Optic Nerve: This is the part of the eye that carries visual information from the eye to the brain. It is located at the very back of the eye.
Which parts of the eye helps to focus an image and communicate it to the brain?? …the lens, retina, and the optic nerve
Which part of the eye helps control the amount of light that comes in?? …the Iris
What does the Retina do?? …it translates focused images to nerve impulses
DISCUSS—discuss how our eyes are often communicating messages to others. They are also taking in information. As much as 75% of what we learn comes to us through our eyes.

29. years ago, Roger Bacon, found that people with impaired vision could read tiny print if they looked through a curved piece of glass

30. Vision Specialists Optometrist Ophthalmologist
is a trained vision specialist who is licensed to examine the eyes & prescribe corrective lenses
is a physician who specializes in medical and surgical treatment of eye problems & disease

31. The Lenses You Wear
Corrective lenses are needed when all parts of the eye don’t work together properly
Lenses in glasses & contacts help focus light rays to form a sharp image on the retina
Glasses—plastic and non breakable materials to prevent accidental injury
Contacts—fits on the cornea
Glasses may be coated to reduce glare or exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet rays.
Contact Lenses—two kinds, soft & hard. Soft contact lenses mold to the shape of the cornea, very comfortable

32. Ways to Care For Your Eyes
Tell a parent if you think you have a problem
Wear sunglasses
Wear safety glasses—sports, labs & workshops
Proper lighting when reading, writing, television
Distance between TV & computers (look away)
Wear corrective lens if prescribed

33. Visit the Optometrist if you have blurred vision
Splash cool water on the eye if foreign particles get in it—DO NOT SCRATCH OR RUB
Apply an ice-cold compress & consult an Ophthalmologist after receiving a blow to the eye
If your eyes are red & itchy could be  Conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis—Pink EYE
Of the Ways To Care For Your Eyes, which steps involve preventive care? The five items from wearing sunglasses to blinking or looking away from a computer screen regularly
Which involve treatment of eye problems that have been identified? The last five items from seeing a vision specialist to treating conjunctivitis

34. PINK EYE
an inflammation of the membranes covering the white of the eye and the eyelid.
Infectious forms spread easily from person to person and must be treated.

35. Vision Problems
Color Blindness—person is not able to distinguish certain colors
Astigmatism—irregular curve to the eye’s lens or cornea causes blurred vision
Hyperopia (farsighted)—objects that are close up appear blurred while distant objects appear clear
Myopia (nearsighted)—objects in the distance appear blurred while close objects appear clear
How is color blindness different from the other eye problems described here? …it has nothing to do with the clearness of the image but only with color. It cannot be corrected with lenses.

36. Cautions for Contact Lenses
Contacts may be used for a day or to a month
Special solutions are needed
Must be removed if they cause discomfort, blurred vision, or redness
Special solutions are needed to regularly clean and disinfect the lenses to protect eyes from germs and dirt.
Contact lenses made of different materials require different maintenance routines. Hard lenses for example, must be cleaned after every use; some soft lenses must receive daily cleanings and a special weekly treatment.
Why must contact lenses be cleaned regularly? ..to protect eyes from germs and dirt

37. The Ear How do we hear?? Your Ears—
help you learn about your surroundings & keeps you safe
Keeps your balance
How do we hear?? All sounds make vibrations that travel through the air as invisible waves.

38. Outer Ear
The outer ear collects sound wave, or vibrations carried through the air.
Visible part of the ear; channels the sound waves through the auditory canal to the eardrum.

39. Eardrum—a tight membrane that vibrates with the waves
Middle Ear—the chamber between the eardrum and cochlea.
Hammer, anvil, and stirrup—a piston in the middle ear made up of containing three tiny bones that concentrate the vibrations of the eardrum on the cochlea’s oval window (membrane).

40. Middle Ear
Receives sound waves from the outer ear, causing the eardrum to vibrate.
The hammer, anvil, & stirrup begin moving, carrying the vibrations along.
Eustachian tube—helps equalize pressure on both sides of the eardrum

41. Inner Ear Sends messages to the brain
Tiny hairs move creating sound waves.
Tiny hairs move sending signals to the brain keep your balance
Tiny hairs inside the cochlea move causing electrical messages that get sent to the brain. The brain interrupts them as specific sounds.
The inner ear’s semicircular canals contain tiny hairs that react to body motion, sending nerve signals to the brain to help keep your balance

43. Tips for Your Ears
Use the corner of a clean, dry towel to dry your ears
Avoid inserting objects, including cotton tipped swabs and fingers, into your outer ear. You could puncture your eardrum.
Wear earplugs while swimming to prevent ear infections
Cover ears from wind & cold air to protect the middle ear
Be mindful of the volume—keep headphone volume low/moderate
Earplugs when swimming, concerts and around loud machinery
See a physician if you have an ear infection
Using cotton swabs to clean the wax out of the ears may have the opposite effect—it may push the wax even deeper

44. Preventing Hearing Loss
Causes
Loud noises
Ear disorders
Ear or head injuries
Medications & Viruses
High volume rock concert, listening to music with headphones, and environmental noises all contribute to the problem
Inherited or congenital ear disorders
Ear or Head Injuries
Medications & Viruses—mumps, measles, and chicken pox can also contribute to hearing loss
**IF YOU HAVE A HEARING PROBLEM YOUR DOCTOR MAY REFER YOU TO AN AUDIOLOGIST WHO IS A HEALTH PROFESSIONAL WHO TESTS PEOPLE FOR HEARING LOSS AND MAKES RECOMMENDATIONS FOR HEARING DEVICES….
THEY USE AN AUDIOIMETER WHICH IS A DEVICE THAT PRODUCES A SERIES OF TONES AT VARIOUS LEVELS OF LOUDNESS. PATIENTS LISTEN FOR THE TONES THROUGH HEADPHONES AND INDICATES WHEN THEY HEAR A TONE. THE RESULTS ARE RECORDED AND ANALYZED FOR HEARING LOSS.

45. Decibels is a unit to measure the loudness of sounds
The slightest sound that normal people can hear has a loudness of 0 db.
85 db *danger over time*
Sound of 40 to 60 db are comfortable and safe
Sound of 85 db can damage the ear over time and cause serious hearing loss
Sounds greater than 140 db can cause hearing loss after just ONE EXPOSURE

46. Talking to Someone Who Has Hearing Loss
Look directly at the person when you speak
Ask the person if their hearing is better on one side…if so reposition yourself
Speak slowly
Repeat what you have said if you are
asked to do so
Be patient & don’t shout

47. Audiologist is...

48. A health professional who tests people for hearing loss and makes recommendations for hearing devices.