1. Oceanography
Oceanographers use science and mathematics to study and explain the complex interactions between seawater, fresh water, polar ice caps, the atmosphere and the biosphere.

2. Oceanographer
Oceanography incorporates many fields of science, including chemistry, biology, geology, and physics. Oceanographers specialize into one of these areas
marine geologists - studying the ocean basins
marine chemists - determining the chemical composition of water or sediments
marine physicists - studying the properties of currents, waves and tides
marine biologists - describing marine life and how organisms interact with their environment

3. Scuba Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus
Gear includes mask, fins, snorkel, depth gauge, tank-pressure gauge, underwater timer and compass, buoyancy compensator vest, regulator & octopus, wetsuit, underwater light, backup light, and diving knife.

4. ALVIN
Alvin is a human occupied submersible that scientists use to explore the deep ocean.

5. Decompression Chamber:
A compartment where atmospheric pressure can be raised or lowered gradually

6. ROV
Remotely Operated Vehicle – underwater remote control robot used to make observations and take pictures of the deep ocean.

7. Echo Sounder
Used to determine ocean depth by the bouncing of sound waves.

8. SONAR- SOund NAvigation Ranging
Detects distance by bouncing sound waves off targets
Usually used with targets like fish or other boats, but can also be used to determine ocean depth

9. Ocean comes from the Greek word "okeanus" meaning circular stream that flows around the edge of the Earth.

10. Where are the Oceans? We have 5 oceans known today: Pacific Atlantic
Indian
Arctic
Antarctic/ Southern.
The Pacific Ocean is the largest, the Arctic Ocean is the smallest.

11. North and South Pacific and Atlantic Oceans
We will be breaking apart the Atlantic and the Pacific Ocean into North and South when we talk about these oceans in class because they behave very differently depending on whether or not they are north or south of the equator.

13. Demonstration
Why did the egg sink in the first beaker and float in the second beaker?
Discuss it with your group and be ready to share!

14. Density!
The water in the first beaker was freshwater and the water in the second beaker was saltwater.
The density of saltwater is g/mL, more than the density of water (1.0 g/mL)
Therefore
The eggs density was more than that or water( so it sank)
The eggs density was less than that of the saltwater's, (so it floated).

15. Where does the salt in the ocean come from?
Think about all of the different features on land and on the bottom of the ocean and discuss your hypothesis with your group?
Dissolved chemicals eroded from the Earth’s crust
Volcanic Ejections moved by wind
Hydrothermal vents

16. Where salt in the Ocean Comes from…

17. Dissolved Gases
The ocean dissolves many of the gases found in the atmosphere like …
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
The colder the water the
more dissolved gases
there are in it.

18. Temperature Zones
Temperature of ocean water decreases as depth increases.

19. Surface Temperature Changes
The surface temperature of the ocean is warmer along the equator because that area of the ocean gets more direct sunlight.

20. Surface Temperature Changes
The surface temperature in the hemispheres is warmer during their summer season.

21. A Global Thermostat Water has a high specific heat!!!!
It holds in and absorbs energy from the sun
This function regulates temperatures in the atmosphere and is perhaps the most important function of the ocean.

22. A Global Thermostat
The Ocean absorbs and releases heat in the atmosphere much more slowly than the land.
If it weren’t for this property, temperatures would fluctuate greatly and violently on our planet and life would be hard to sustain.

23. A Global Thermostat
The ocean regulates temperatures at different locations on the Earth.
Currents help move warm water to the poles
This is why some coastal areas have a warmer climate.