1. What are the FOUR (4) WAYS our Earth’s PLATES MOVE?

2. Plates can move apart…

3. Plates in the middle ocean often move apart…DIVERGE

4. Plates in the middle ocean often move apart…DIVERGE

5. The middle of our ocean has the thinnest crust and THAT’S mostly where NEW Earth comes from!

6. Hydrothermal vents build up new crust that slowly move away from each other

7. PLATES move 4 ways!
DIVERGING PLATES

8. PLATES move 4 ways! DIVERGING PLATES
MOVE AWAY form NEW CRUST usually from THIN MID-OCEAN (RIDGE).

9. Geologists have mapped all of the Earth’s plates.

10. Plates can collide together 2 ways!

11. DIVERGING PLATES CONVERGING PLATES
PLATES that MOVE AWAY form NEW CRUST usually from THIN MIDDLE OCEAN RIDGES.
MAGNETIC REVERSALS!
CONVERGING PLATES
CONTINENTAL vs. CONTINENTAL CRUST
OCEAN vs. CONTINENTAL CRUST

12. Continental-continental collision=mountains
When THICK continental crust CONVERGES with another THICK continental crust…
Continental-continental collision=mountains

13. PLATES move 4 ways! DIVERGING PLATES CONVERGING PLATES
PLATES that MOVE AWAY form NEW CRUST usually FROM THE MIDDLE OCEAN RIDGES.
MAGNETIC REVERSALS!
CONVERGING PLATES
CONTINENTAL to CONTINENTAL
CRUSTS:
MOUNTAINS!!!!!!!

14. PLATES MOVE 4 WAYS: MOUNTAINS form. DIVERGING PLATES CONVERGING PLATES
PLATES that MOVE AWAY form NEW CRUST usually FROM THE MIDDLE OCEAN RIDGES.
MAGNETIC REVERSALS!
CONVERGING PLATES
CONTINENTAL vs. CONTINENTAL CRUST…
MOUNTAINS form.
OCEAN vs. CONTINENTAL CRUST

15. PLATES move 4 ways! DIVERGING PLATES CONVERGING PLATES
PLATES that MOVE AWAY form NEW CRUST usually FROM THE MIDDLE OCEAN RIDGES.
MAGNETIC REVERSALS!
CONVERGING PLATES
CONTINENTAL to CONTINENTAL
(land to land)CRUSTS COLLIDE:
MOUNTAINS!!!!!!!
OCEAN vs. CONTINENTAL CRUSTS

16. OCEAN & CONTINENTAL
PLATES COLLIDE

17. OCEAN & CONTINENTAL PLATES COLLIDE
The thin ocean plate gets pushed down by the
thicker continental crust. A deep ocean trench
forms as ocean crust is pushed down into the melt.
OCEAN & CONTINENTAL
PLATES COLLIDE

18. The thin ocean plate gets pushed down by the
thicker continental crust. A deep ocean trench
forms as ocean crust is pushed down into the melt.

19. PLATES move 4 ways… VOLCANOES!!! DIVERGING PLATES CONVERGING PLATES
PLATES that MOVE AWAY form NEW CRUST usually FROM THE MIDDLE OCEAN RIDGES.
MAGNETIC REVERSALS!
CONVERGING PLATES
CONTINENTAL to CONTINENTAL
(land to land)CRUSTS COLLIDE:
MOUNTAINS!!!!!!!
OCEAN into CONTINENTAL CRUSTS—SUBDUCTION (the ocean crust melts below the thicker continental crust…
VOLCANOES!!!

20. PLATES move 4 ways… VOLCANOES!!! DIVERGING PLATES CONVERGING PLATES
PLATES that MOVE AWAY form NEW CRUST usually FROM THE MIDDLE OCEAN RIDGES.
MAGNETIC REVERSALS!
CONVERGING PLATES
CONTINENTAL to CONTINENTAL
(land to land)CRUSTS COLLIDE:
MOUNTAINS!!!!!!!
OCEAN into CONTINENTAL CRUSTS—SUBDUCTION (the ocean crust melts below the thicker continental crust…
VOLCANOES!!!

21. JUST LOOK AT ALL THE DOTS!
The “ring of fire” is the Pacific Ocean plate pushing under other continental crusts
JUST LOOK AT ALL THE DOTS!

22. What happens with SUBDUCTION?

23. Eyjafjallajökull Warm Up September 11th, 2014
The volcano Eyjafjallajökull, in Iceland, just before dawn on April 23, 2010: The worst is over. Lava flows freely. Earlier, as it punched through the ice cap, it triggered a meltwater flood that destroyed roads and farms, and a steam explosion that hurled ash into the stratosphere, stopping air traffic for a week.

24. Warm Up Friday the 13th, 2013
The volcano Eyjafjallajökull (Eya-fyat-yi-yo-kluk, in Iceland, just before dawn on April 23, 2010: The worst is over. Lava flows freely. Earlier, as it punched through the ice cap, it triggered a meltwater flood that destroyed roads and farms, and a steam explosion that hurled ash into the stratosphere, stopping air traffic for a week.

25. Warm Up Friday the 13th, 2013
The volcano Eyjafjallajökull (Eya-fyat-yi-yo-kluk, in Iceland, just before dawn on April 23, 2010: The worst is over. Lava flows freely. Earlier, as it punched through the ice cap, it triggered a meltwater flood that destroyed roads and farms, and a steam explosion that hurled ash into the stratosphere, stopping air traffic for a week.

26. Warm Up Friday the 13th, 2013
The volcano Eyjafjallajökull (Eya-fyat-yi-yo-kluk, in Iceland, just before dawn on April 23, 2010: The worst is over. Lava flows freely. Earlier, as it punched through the ice cap, it triggered a meltwater flood that destroyed roads and farms, and a steam explosion that hurled ash into the stratosphere, stopping air traffic for a week.

27. Warm Up Friday the 13th, 2013
The volcano Eyjafjallajökull (Eya-fyat-yi-yo-kluk, in Iceland, just before dawn on April 23, 2010: The worst is over. Lava flows freely. Earlier, as it punched through the ice cap, it triggered a meltwater flood that destroyed roads and farms, and a steam explosion that hurled ash into the stratosphere, stopping air traffic for a week.

28. What happens with SUBDUCTION?

29. subducting plates volcanoes

30. The thin ocean plate gets pushed down by the
thicker continental crust. A deep ocean trench
forms as ocean crust is pushed down into the melt.

31. volcanic stuff cool …1st 2:00

32. PLATES move 4 ways! TRANSFORM plates DIVERGING PLATES
PLATES that MOVE AWAY form NEW CRUST usually FROM THE MIDDLE OCEAN RIDGES.
MAGNETIC REVERSALS!
CONVERGING PLATES
CONTINENTAL to CONTINENTAL
(land to land)CRUSTS COLLIDE:
MOUNTAINS!!!!!!!
TRANSFORM plates
OCEAN into CONTINENTAL CRUSTS COLLIDE:
SUBDUCTING PLATES
VOLCANOES!!!

33. Earth’s plates are moving…

34. PLATES move 4 ways! TRANSFORM plates DIVERGING PLATES
PLATES that MOVE AWAY form NEW CRUST usually FROM THE MIDDLE OCEAN RIDGES.
MAGNETIC REVERSALS!
CONVERGING PLATES
CONTINENTAL to CONTINENTAL
(land to land)CRUSTS COLLIDE:
MOUNTAINS!!!!!!!
TRANSFORM plates
SCRAPE PAST each other
OCEAN into CONTINENTAL CRUSTS COLLIDE:
SUBDUCTING PLATES
VOLCANOES!!!

35. Earth’s plates are transforming…

36. PLATES move 4 ways! TRANSFORM plates DIVERGING PLATES
PLATES that MOVE AWAY form NEW CRUST usually FROM THE MIDDLE OCEAN RIDGES.
MAGNETIC REVERSALS!
CONVERGING PLATES
CONTINENTAL to CONTINENTAL
(land to land)CRUSTS COLLIDE:
MOUNTAINS!!!!!!!
TRANSFORM plates
SCRAPE PAST each other
EARTHQUAKES!
OCEAN into CONTINENTAL CRUSTS COLLIDE:
SUBDUCTING PLATES
VOLCANOES!!!

37. Using GPS we track which directions our tectonic plates are going.

38. How many diverging plates do you see?

39. When plates are moving away from each other, they are divergent plates.

40. DIVERGENT plates undersea, as spreading ocean centers forming mid-ocean ridges.

41. How many converging plates do you see?

42. When plates are moving into each other, they are convergent plates.

43. How many transform plates do you see?

44. When plates rub past each other, they are transform plates.

45. What kind of plate movement formed this?

46. What kind of plate movement formed this?
Subducting (continental
over oceanic) plates!

47. Sometimes a tectonic plate is too big heat evenly
Sometimes a tectonic plate is too big heat evenly. So big plates have hot spots to keep the entire plate hot.

48. Sometimes a tectonic plate is too big heat evenly
Sometimes a tectonic plate is too big heat evenly. So big plates have hot spots to keep the entire plate hot.
Hawaii

49. Sometimes a tectonic plate is too big heat evenly
Sometimes a tectonic plate is too big heat evenly. So big plates have hot spots . .
Hawaii

50. What plate movement made this happen?

51. What plate movement made this happen?
TRANSFORM PLATE BOUNDARIES!

52. More transforming plate disasters.

53. When plates move, tsunamis happen.
What kind of RARE plate movement is this?

54. When plates move, tsunamis happen.
What kind of RARE plate movement is this? Ocean to Ocean plate converging!

55. Spray at the horizon and retreated water indicate a forthcoming Tsunami. This photograph shows the 2004 Tsunami in Thailand. Instead of seeking shelter, the people are amazed about the coming waves.
Spray at the horizon and retreated water indicate a forthcoming Tsunami. This photograph shows the 2004 Tsunami in Thailand. Instead of seeking shelter, the people are amazed about the coming waves.

56. The people have realised that something is wrong
The people have realised that something is wrong. But it is too late now.

57. What plate movement causes tsunamis?
Is it ocean to continent subduction?
Is it continent into continent converging?
Is it ocean into ocean subduction?
Is it ocean crust from ocean crust diverging?

58. What plate movement causes tsunamis?
usually ocean into ocean plate subduction!

59. END!!!!

60. Altogether, geologists, archaeologists and paleontologists have been able to retrace how our continents slowly developed and drifted all over our planet.
BEST with the future:
VD4
Connected with life form evolution for later.