1. Identifying a Substance
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2. Using Properties to Identify Matter
Each pure substance has physical and chemical properties that can be used to identify them
Physical properties can either be size-dependent or size-independent
Size-dependent properties of matter vary depending on how much matter there is in an object, examples – mass and volume
Size-independent properties of matter are the same for both small and large samples of matter- they do not depend on size, examples – melting point, boiling point, conductivity, state of matter, density, solubility, and magnetism

3. Size-independent properties can be used to help identify a substance
Size-independent properties can be used to help identify a substance. For example:
In your notes last week, you used the melting and boiling point of the unknown substance to determine that the graph showed the change of state in Foosium
Density is a size-independent property that is often used to identify if two samples of matter are indeed the same substance – no two substances share a density

4. Archimedes and the Gold Crown

6. Add size dependent and size independent to your Index
Common Size-Dependent and Size-Independent Properties
Add size dependent and size independent to your Index

7. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways, which can also be used to identify substances
Soon we will conduct a lab that illustrates this point
No two substances can have the same set of physical and chemical properties
If two samples of matter have just one different size-independent/identifying property, then they are two different substances

9. Add chemical equation to your Index
Chemical Equations
A useful way to understand what happens during a chemical reaction is to write a chemical equation.
A chemical equation shows the chemical formula of each substance in the reaction.
Parts of a Chemical Equation
Add chemical equation to your Index

11. In a chemical reaction or change, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules.
Whatever elements are present before the change, are still present in the same amounts after the change, however they will be rearranged or regrouped in new ways
New substances that result from chemical reactions have different properties from those of the reactants
2Cu + O2
Copper + Oxygen
2CuO
Copper Oxide Cu O Cu Cu O O O Cu

13. Properties of Substances involved
2Cu + O2
Copper + Oxygen
2CuO
Copper Oxide Cu O Cu Cu O O O Cu
Properties of Substances involved
Copper
Oxygen
Copper Oxide
Formula Cu O2
CuO
State of Matter
solid
gas
Color
reddish brown
colorless
black/brown powder
Melting Point
1, C C
1,326C
Boiling Point
2,562C C
2,000C
Density
8.96 g/cm3
1.141 g/cm3
6.315 g/cm3

15. Properties of Substances involved
H2 + O
Hydrogen + Oxygen
H2O
water H
Properties of Substances involved
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Water
Formula H2 O2
H2O
State of Matter
Gas
gas
liquid
Color
colorless
colorless-
with hint of blue
Melting Point C C
0.0C
Boiling Point C C
100C
Density
0.07 g/cm3
1.141 g/cm3
1.0 g/cm3

16. Break for lab and benchmark review

17. Natural and Synthetic Materials
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18. Natural resources can undergo a chemical process to form synthetic material.
methane, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide can be combined chemically to form synthetic fuel. The synthetic fuel would have different characteristic properties than the original pure substances
the use of natural resources to form synthetic materials and how these new materials affect society. Examples of new materials could include new medicine, foods, and alternative fuels. Some sources could include journals, articles, brochures, or digital media from government publications and/or private industries. Students will cite some of these sources to support the analysis of evidence that these synthetic materials were formed from natural resources and have an impact on society. They will pay special attention to the precise details of explanations or descriptions of how these new substances affect society. Students will also include relevant information from multiple print and digital sources about these impacts. While gathering this information, they will use search terms effectively, assess the credibility and accuracy of each source, and quote or paraphrase the data and conclusions of others while avoiding plagiarism and following a standard format for citation

19. Structures can be designed to serve particular functions by taking into account properties of different materials and how materials can be shaped and used.

20. Engineering advances have led to discoveries of important synthetic materials, and scientific discoveries have led to the development of entire industries and engineered systems using these materials.

21. Technology use varies from region to region and over time.

22. The uses of technologies (engineered/synthetic materials) and any limitations on their use are driven by individual or societal needs, desires, and values.

23. The uses of technologies (engineered/synthetic materials) and any limitations on their use are driven by the findings of scientific research and by differences in such factors as climate, natural resources, and economic conditions.