1. Global II Final and REGENTS REVIEW

2. Global II
Nationalism
Otto Von Bismarck – used nationalism to unite Germany. BLOOD AND IRON!!!
Camillo Cavour, Mazzinni, Garibaldi – all used nationalism to unite Italy
Zionism – Jewish Nationalism, the idea the Jews should have a homeland
Sepoy Rebellion – attempt to rid foreign influence in India
Boxer Rebellion – attempt to rid foreign influence in China
Ho Chi Minh –nationalist from Vietnam. Attempted to rid foreign influence in Vietnam. Turned to Communism

3. Global II Industrial Revolution Starts in England
England had natural harbors because of an irregular coastline
England had rivers
England had natural resources (raw materials) of coal and iron
Agricultural Revolution caused workers to migrate to the city for jobs.
England had an urban workforce
England is an island.

4. Global II Review Industrial Revolution – Positive Impacts
Factory System develops
Assembly Line develops
Goods are produced faster and cheaper
New Technology Develops
New Types of Jobs Develop
Rise of the Middle Class

5. Global II Review Industrial Revolution – Negative Impacts
Urbanization causes slums, pollution, and disease.
Poor Working Conditions
Child Labor

6. Global II Karl Marx and the Rise of Marxism (Socialism/Communism)
With Frederick Engels writes Communist Manifesto
Believes the Proletariat are being taken advantage of by the Capitalists
Believes all the negatives in the world are created by Class Struggle.
Believes all the horrors of Industrialization can be cured if the workers overthrow capitalism and create a classless society.

7. Global II Industrial Revolution
As a result of bad working conditions, workers begin to form Unions in order to better their lives.

8. Global II Rise of a New Imperialism
Industrialized countries needed colonies to serve as markets and sources of raw materials.
Europeans were able to imperialize because they had better military technology due to industrialization.
Europeans were motivated by nationalism and capitalism.
Europeans used Social Darwinism to justify imperialism. (White Man’s Burden)

9. Global II European Imperialism in Africa
Berlin Conference divides Africa among the Europeans.
European imperialists to know: King Leopold of Belgium and Cecil Rhodes of Great Britain.
By the end of the 19th Century Africa is entirely dominated by European countries.
African tribe called Zulu show some resistance. This is an example of NATIONALISM!!!!

10. Global II British Imperialism in India
British East India company takes control of 3/5 of India
British demand cash crops of Opium and Cotton from India
Britain saw India as a source for raw materials and as a major market to sell manufactured goods.
India launches Sepoy Mutiny to rid India of foreign influence.
Sepoy Mutiny fails.
Britain sets up government called the Raj.

11. Global II British Imperialism in China
China loses the Opium War and is exposed because they are not industrialized.
China is forced to sign the Treaty of Nanjing and have to open there ports.
Europeans begin carving out spheres of influence in China
British are granted extraterritoriality.
China is forced to give Hong Kong to the British.
China launch both Taiping Rebellion and Boxer Rebellion to rid foreign influence. BOTH FAIL.

12. Global II Meiji Restoration in Japan
United States Admiral Matthew Perry shows up in Japan
Japan is afraid
Japan decides to modernize and westernize.
Japan restores Meiji Emperor.
Japan wants to modernize their economy and government.
Japan wants to industrialize, but they lack natural resources
Japan begins to imperialize
Japan defeats Russia in the Russo/Japanese War, which makes Japan an imperial power.

13. Global II Review World War I
Causes of World War I – Militarism, Alliance System, Imperialism, Nationalism
Starts in Balkans (Powder Keg)
Austrian Duke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated in Bosnia (Balkans)
World War I is the first mechanized war.
New Technology – Poison Gas, Submarines, Machine Guns, Tanks, Grenades
Fought in Trenches

14. Global II End of World War I
U.S. President Woodrow Wilson issues his Fourteen Points where he states countries have the right to self – determination.
Empires of Austria/Hungary and Ottoman are broken up.
Russia goes through the Russian (Bolshevik) Revolution led by Vladimir Lenin.
Germany is blamed for the war and forced to sign Treaty of Versailles
Germany is forced to pay war reparations. (Pay for the War)

15. Global II In Between World War I and World War II in Europe.
World is thrown into an economic depression. (everyone is poor)
Hitler and Mussolini develop fascism.
Fascists like Hitler in Germany and Mussolini in Italy take advantage of economic hardships and gain control of their countries.
The League of Nations is weak and practices appeasement.
At the Munich Conference, Neville Chamberlain and the League of Nations give Hitler the Sudetenland

16. Global II World War II Hitler invades Poland
Hitler’s Blitzkrieg works because of Europe’s lack of natural barriers
Hitler’s Blitzkrieg stalls when he attacks Britain
Hitler violates the Soviet/Nazi Non-Aggression Pact.
D- Day invasion forces Germany to fight a two front war.
U.S. drops atomic bombs on Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

17. Global II Review
Cold War - Between Soviet Union and the United States – The two superpowers never fought each other directly. Instead they fought through proxy nations.
NATO (NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION – military alliance formed by U.S. and its allies to stop Soviet aggression
Warsaw Pact – formed by Soviets and its allies in response to NATO
Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan – purpose was to stop the spread of communism. (Containment)

18. Global II Cold War Conflicts: Division of Germany Berlin Blockade
Berlin Airlift
Hungarian Revolt
Korean War
Vietnam War
Cuban Revolution
Cuban Missile Crisis

19. Global II Cuban Revolution U.S. supports Cuban Dictator Batista
U.S. controls Cuban Sugar Plantations
Many Cuban people live in poverty.
Influenced by Marxism, Fidel Castro and Che Guevera lead a revolution and overthrow Batista
Cuba becomes a Communist country.
Cuba turns to Soviet Union for help.
Cuban Missile Crisis
Cuba is in poverty for years to come

20. Global II
Islamic Fundamentalists – people who follow STRICT Muslim guidelines and are anti-west and anti-secular government
Examples:
IRANIAN REVOLUTION – Ayatollah Khomeini leads an Islamic Fundamentalist Revolution in Iran
Taliban in Afghanistan
Al – Qaeda in the Middle East and beyond
ISIS in Syria and Iraq
ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALITS ARE AGAINST WESTERN CULTURE AND WESTERN STYLED GOVERNMENTS!!!!

21. Global II Nationalists in Africa Pan Africanism
Ghana – Kwame Nkrumah and the Organization of African Unity (OAU)
Kenya – Jomo Kenyatta and the Mau Mau Movement

22. Global II Review Nationalism
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk – from Turkey, wanted to westernise and modernize Turkey, wanted to give women rights
Reza Khan – from Iran, wanted to westernize and modernize Iran
Reza Pahlavi – Reza Khan’s grandson, wanted to westernize and modernize Iran. Overthrown by Ayatollah Khomeini

23. Global II Important Leaders of China in Global II
Sun Yixian – He was a nationalist. THREE PRINCIPLES OF THE PEOPLE
Chiang Kai Shek (Jiang Jieshi) – He was a nationalist. He was defeated by Mao Zedong. He fled to Taiwan
Mao Zedong – He was a communist. He got support of the peasants. He went on a Long March. He launched the Great Leap Forward, He launched the Cultural Revolution. He had the Red Guard. He had a Little Red Book.
Deng Xiaoping –He brought in some elements of capitalism into China. He had his FOUR MODERNIZATIONS

24. Interdependence
NAFTA – North American Free Trade Agreement – set up to eliminate tariffs and trade restrictions between Canada, U.S., and Mexico

25. Interdependence
EU – European Union – set up to cooperate in trade between European nations

26. Global II
Green Revolution – new ways of farming including genetic engineering (GMOs), use of pesticides, fertilizer, and tractors. This causes an increase in FOOD production, especially in India.
The Computer Revolution – internet, social media
Industrial Revolution

27. Global II Review Terrorism
Hot Spots for Terrorist training– Afghanistan, Iran, Syria, Iraq
Groups – ISIS, Al – Qaeda, Taliban
Examples: 9/11, Paris Attack, Belgium Attack

28. Global II Environmental Problems
Desertification – usually associated with Sahel Region in Africa caused by overgrazing.
Deforestation – usually associated with the Amazon Basin, Brazil, or central Africa caused by cutting down rainforests.
Global Warming
Climate Change
Acid Rain
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Disaster – Soviet Union Nuclear Power Plant melts down and causes mass pollution when radioactive material leaks into the atmosphere.