1. What’s on Friday’s Quiz?
Skeletal System Functions. (PEPPS)
Specialized Cells: give an example of one and it’s function.
How does this system help maintain homeostasis.
Major Bones (be able to label the skeleton)
Label the parts of a bone.
Match the bone parts with it’s description.

2. On your white board write out:
What does the skeletal system do anyway? (write out an explanation answering this question based on your assignment of researching WHY/HOW the skeletal system helps maintain homeostasis.)

3. Functions of the Digestive System: BAE
Break down food into molecules the body can use.
Mechanical digestion: foods are physically broken down into smaller pieces
Chemical digestion: chemicals (enzymes) produced by the body, break foods into smaller chemical building blocks
Absorb the food molecules into the blood.
Eliminate solid wastes from the body.

4. Tissue: Villi
Nerve Cells: Nerve cells, or neurons, look different and have different functions from red blood cells. They carry and transmit messages, acting as telephone wires. Some of these cells may reach 2 meters long!

5. Villi
Function:
Covered in epithelial cells, the villi increase the surface area of the small intestine to allow for maximum absorption of nutrients from the food.

6. Goblet Cells
Nerve Cells: Nerve cells, or neurons, look different and have different functions from red blood cells. They carry and transmit messages, acting as telephone wires. Some of these cells may reach 2 meters long!

7. Goblet Cells Function:
Located throughout the digestive system, these cells produce the mucus that protects the epithelial cells from being eroded by the digestive enzymes.

8. Gastric Cells
Nerve Cells: Nerve cells, or neurons, look different and have different functions from red blood cells. They carry and transmit messages, acting as telephone wires. Some of these cells may reach 2 meters long!

9. Gastric Cells Function:
Located in the lining of the stomach, these cells create and release HCl (hydrochloric acid).
They also produce the enzyme responsible for protein digestion.

10. Homeostasis in the Digestive System:
An example of how the digestive system helps the body maintain homeostasis is by absorbing water from our food in the large intestines.
One function of this system is to absorb nutrients from our food. One of those nutrients is water. Water is absorbed in the large intestine. Throughout the digestive process, liquid is being added to our food to help with chemical digestion. Example of these liquids are saliva, HCl, and bile. If the excess water from the digested food was not reabsorbed in the large intestine, we would have severe problems with dehydration. Prolonged dehydration could lead to death.

11. Open your textbook to page 518.
Using page 33b in your ISN read the section titled: Mouth and Esophagus, then write out what you learned on page 33b.

12. Mouth – 5-30sec
The teeth and tongue carryout mechanical digestion. Saliva helps by making the food soft.
Chemical digestion also takes place as the enzymes in the saliva breakdown starch into sugar. Amylase breaks down starch in the mouth
2. Esophagus – 10sec
A smooth muscle tube that is lined with mucus.
The contractions of muscle pushing the food toward the stomach is called Peristalsis.

13. 3. Stomach – 3hrs
Most Mechanical – Three strong layers of smooth muscle contract to churn the food. Mixing furthers the digestion process.
Some Chemical –Hydrochloric acid (HCl) in your stomach, triggers enzymes for proteins to work.
4. Accessory Organs (NO FOOD IN HERE)
The liver produces bile, a substance that breaks up fat particles.
The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile.
The pancreas produces enzymes that help break down starches, proteins, and fats.

14. 5. Small Intestine 3-4hrs
most chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients.
Fat digestion
Liver and Pancreas dump in digestive juices.
Lined with villi that increase the surface area for the absorption of nutrients from your food.
6. Large Intestine
Contains bacteria that feed on materials as they pass through. Many of them make vitamins like vitamin K.
Water is absorbed from the digested food materials into the bloodstream.
7. The rectum, is where wastes are compressed into solid form.