1. DO NOW
Open your notebooks and title the notes “mixtures and solutions”
Open your textbooks to page 111.

2. MIXTURES and SOLUTIONS

3. An element is a substance composed of a single kind of atom
Recall..
An element is a substance composed of a single kind of atom

4. Example: Aluminum

5. - Compound: 2 or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio
Recall…
- Compound: 2 or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio

6. A compound may be represented by a chemical formula, which shows the elements in the compound and the ratio of the atoms.
Example:
Carbon Dioxide

7. Mixture: 2 or more elements are mixed but not chemically combined

8. Heterogeneous Mixture: the different parts of the mixture are visible
Example: A salad

9. is dissolved in another
Homogenous Mixture: the different parts are so evenly mixed that you can’t see the different parts
Example: Salt Water
Salt water is also
a solution, a
homogenous mixture
in which one substance
is dissolved in another

10. Solute: substance that is dissolved to make a solution.
Solvent: substance that dissolves a solute.
Ex: in a solution of table salt and water, the salt is the solute and the water is the solvent.

11. Types of Solutions
Solutes, solvents, and solutions can be gases, liquids or solids.
Examples:
Oxygen, a gas, is dissolved in seawater
Bubbles in carbonated drinks comes from the carbon dioxide gas that was dissolved
Bronze is a solid solution of tin and copper
Air you breathe is a solution of different gases
In general: the substance present in the greatest amount is the solvent

12. Suspensions
Suspension: the particles are larger than those found in a solution
Instead of dissolving, the particles turn the mixture cloudy.
Solution
Suspension

13. Properties of Solvents Change
A solute changes the physical properties of a solvent
A solution’s physical properties are different than the pure solvent.
The amount of solute determines how much the properties change of the solution.

14. Lowering the Freezing Point
Freezing point: the temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid
The freezing point of a liquid solvent decreases when a solute is dissolved in it.
Example: salting roads in the winter

15. Raising the Boiling Point
Boiling point: the temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas
The boiling point of a solution is higher than the boiling point of the pure solvent.
Example: adding a coolant to your car’s radiator to prevent overheating

16. The solute extends the temperature range in which the solvent remains a liquid.