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A Republican Decade A Business Boom Atmosphere of a Crazy Time period
The Roaring 1920’s A Republican Decade A Business Boom Atmosphere of a Crazy Time period
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Republican Goals A “Return to Normalcy” or isolation.
Pro-business (laissez faire or hands off) approach Warren Harding
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Republican Presidents
Warren G. Harding Lower taxes Less government regulation over business=Laissez Faire!
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Teapot Dome Scandal Bribery scandal involving Secretary of the Interior, Albert Fall Fall gave oil companies land owned by U.S. Oil companies gave Albert Fall $$$$$ Scandal-marked the Harding Administration “Watergate of the 1920’s”
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Calvin Coolidge Took office after Harding’s death in 1923
Elected in 1924 “Laissez Faire Economics” If businesses were left unregulated they would benefit the nation “The chief business of American people is business”
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“Coolidge Prosperity”
Rapid economic growth: Consumer spending-people are buying stuff Installment buying-on credit (pay it back a little at a time) Investment in the stock market Buying stocks on margin-on “credit”
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Social Issues in the 1920s
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Prohibition 18th amendment-outlawed the manufacture sale and transportation of alcohol.
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Negative effects of prohibition
Some people made their own alcohol Liquor was smuggled into the U.S. from Canada and the Caribbean-bootlegging Illegal bars-speakeasies Organized crime increased effects of prohibition
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Repeal 1933-21st amendment repeals the 18th amendment
Ends prohibition of alcohol
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19th amendment Gave women the right to vote
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Women of 1920s Women began to work outside the home
Ready-made clothing and new appliances made housework easier Women attended speakeasies Accounting office Brooklyn, NY 1925 -By 1927, women comprised one in five wage-earners. appliances
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Flappers Young women rebelling against tradition Short hair
Short dresses Smoked drank
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Henry Ford 1st mass produced car Model T Assembly lines produced 1 car every 24 seconds.
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Model T Caused other industries to flourish (oil, tire manufacturing, glass manufacturing) Roads and bridges were built to accommodate the automobile. The rise of restaurants, motels, vacations. Suburbs!! “Any customer can have a car painted any colour that he wants so long as it is black.”
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Radio Rise of mass media
All Americans can see the same movies or hear the same radio shows. –first commercial broadcast History of Radio
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Harlem Renaissance “Rebirth” of African American culture in Harlem, NYC The Great Migration Harlem became home to many African American writers, musicians, artists, scholars Brain Pop Harlem Renaissance
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Jazz Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington, Bessie Smith
1920s are Nicknamed “Jazz Age”
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Literature Langston Hughes-encouraged African Americans to be proud of their heritage
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What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up
Harlem By Langston Hughes 1902–1967 What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun? Or fester like a sore— And then run? Does it stink like rotten meat? Or crust and sugar over— like a syrupy sweet? Maybe it just sags like a heavy load. Or does it explode?
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The Lost Generation Those who came of age during WWI-saw little hope for the future Writers who believed that they were lost in a greedy, materialistic world that lacked moral values. Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Sinclair Lewis
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Fashions and Fads Flagpole sitting Dance marathons Crossword puzzles
10th day of dance marathon
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Problems of the 1920s Gap between rich and poor widens
Labor unrest (strikes)
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Farmers borrowed money to buy more land and supplies
Planned to pay off their loans with the profits from the war
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Farmers were unable to pay back their loans & ended up in debt
American farming dropped sharply after the war because the Europeans could now produce their own food Farmers were unable to pay back their loans & ended up in debt
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Rise of communism in the Soviet Union led to the fear that workers of the U.S. would revolt
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Red Scare Fear of Communism Sacco and Vanzetti (anarchists)
Palmer Raids Raid of homes of suspected communist Over 6,000 were arrested without search warrants Sacco and Vanzetti
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Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti
Both men were sent to the electric chair in Many felt that they were not guilty, however in 1961 a Ballistics test on the gun that was found on Sacco revealed that it was the murder weapon. In the 1970’s, the Massachusetts state government stated that these men did not receive a fair trail.
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Effects of Nativism Re-emergence of the KKK-Nativism
Nativist legislation (laws)-The Quota Acts Schenck V. U.S. (socialist party)
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The Atmosphere of the 1920’s
The Scopes Trial (a.k.a. the Monkey Trial) Theme: Science vs. Religion John T. Scopes was a Tennessee biology teacher who taught evolution to his students. It was against state law and he wanted to see the country face and debate the issue. He was found guilty and had to pay a fine. The law remained until 1967.
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Bigger Than Life People of the 1920’s
Babe Ruth –baseball Charles Lindbergh – completed Trans-Atlantic flight from NYC to Paris Jack Dempsey –boxer Al Capone –Gangster from Chicago Marcus Garvey-Back to Africa movement
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1920s Struggle between the old ways of life and the new ways of the 1920s Traditional values V. New beliefs VS
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Best video ever… crash course U.S. History
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