1. Class Expectations
Please get them signed and return next class.

2. Which picture best fits your public speaking mindset. Why
Which picture best fits your public speaking mindset? Why? PRPSA Self Evaluation. (save in binder to revisit) A B

3. Scoring: To determine your score on the PRPSA, complete the following steps:
Step 1. Add scores for items 1, 2, 3, 5, 9, 10, 13, 14, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, and 34
Step 2. Add the scores for items 4, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 18, 24, and 26
Step 3. Complete the following formula:
PRPSA = 72 - Total from Step 2 + Total from Step 1
Your score should be between 34 and 170. If your score is below 34 or above 170, you have made a mistake in computing the score.
High = > 131
Low = < 98
Moderate =

4. List great speakers and tell what makes them great.

5. Impromptu Pre-assessment
You will get a random topic
You will speak for 1 minute about your topic so that I can see where you are
Write goals on the back of self-evaluation and save

6. Unit 1 Goals
LOD 1.1 Analyze the elements of effective public speaking and the history of rhetoric/persuasion/public speaking
LOD 1.2 Demonstrate effective use of diction, speaking skills, professionalism, posture, eye contact, expression, gestures, voice, and situational awareness (emphasis on delivery)
LOD 1.3 Analyze the importance of being an effective orator
LOD 1.4 Evaluate the characteristics of a great speaker

7. Rhetoric What is rhetoric?
Duty of rhetoric is to deliberate when the answer is not obvious (in the absence of arts or systems) – when there is no specialized knowledge to guide us or give us the answers – Rhetoric can uncover multiple possibilities. In the presence of certainty, there is nothing to argue about.
Ex: Rhetoric is not needed to explain how to install an app or to argue 2+2=4.
Social change can occur when “certainties” are challenged

8. Rhetoric and History
Egyptian Rhetoric – Despite our belief that rhetoric originated in Ancient Greece, the Ancient Egyptians had writing and rhetoric as did the Ancient Chinese. All cultures have their way of defining and describing good speaking and writing.
Egyptian rhetoric – more like wisdom texts usually proverbs, teachings, advice, etc.

9. Rhetoric and History
Egyptian literature/rhetoric has emphasis on silence, restraint, timing, fluency, truthfulness, rightness, harmony, divine justice, and cosmic order – italicized items are most important.
Knowing when not to speak was important and respected – “balance between wise silence and eloquence” (D. Hutto)
Egyptian society was hierarchical – Pharaohs, etc…. important to know how to speak the truth to power without risking your life.

10. Rhetoric and History Ancient Greece Aristotle:
Definition of rhetoric as "the faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion."
Legal, political assembly, ceremonial - Aristotle’s 3 types of rhetoric (not necessarily true as many are hybrids)
Truth and justice should prevail and if it doesn’t, then it is the speaker’s fault – speaking well is your duty to help preserve truth and justice
Ethos, Logos, Pathos!!!!

11. Rhetoric and History Rome – Cicero’s 5 rules of rhetoric:
Invention (argument)
Arrangement (order)
Style (language and word choice)
Memory (memorize)
Delivery (gestures, expression, volume)

12. Rhetoric
Rhetoric is the language of the populous, not the language of experts or specialists.
Ex: Two computer scientists speaking about a complex program or system will use the technical language of the discipline. However, a computer scientist trying to convince a layperson that a PC is superior to a Mac will use more rhetorical strategies and put it into layperson’s language.

13. Article
Read and annotate the short article on the history of public speaking
Also get class expectations signed

14. Communication Process
Transactional process – all elements depend upon one another - and interact with one another (verbally and nonverbally)
EX – A quiet audience that is fidgeting and looking at their watches is communicating with the speaker.

15. Speaker
Everything about the speaker is significant! (knowledge, purpose, attitude, appearance, voice, tone, etc.)
You are the center of the transactional process…..the reason for the gathering.

16. Listeners Can be audience – but each is a separate listener
Each brings unique motive, purpose, attitude, belief, expectation, response

17. Noise Interference May be literal noise – jets, talking, phones, etc
May be figurative “noise” such as prejudice, stereotypes, attitudes, or even language/dialect differences

18. Effects
All communication has some desired effect, but each effect is unique to the listener
EX: Politician wants effect = votes Different audience members may or may not vote for them
Ex: Comedian wants laughs (listeners might find them funny, boring, offensive, etc)

19. Context Physical context – place
Socio-psychological context – relationship between speaker and audience (boss? friend? hostile audience?)
Temporal – When? Time of day, before/after opposition, before/after meal, etc.
Cultural context – beliefs, lifestyles, values of speaker and audience (Ex – spirit of competition doesn’t appeal to all cultures)

20. Messages/Channels
Message – signals sent back and forth between speaker(s) and listener (s)
Channel – medium that carries message – words, eye contact, movement. Channel can also be whether speaker is in person, on TV, radio, online video, etc.