1. Alcohols and Ethers
Read pp

2. Alcohols
Organic compound that has a hydroxyl group (OH) attached to an alkyl group (an alkane minus one hydrogen).
General formula: R-OH (where R is alkyl group)

3. Structural Formulas for Alcohols
Draw carbon backbone
Add –OH group in right spot
Fill in hydrogen bonds
Draw:
a) 1-butanol b) 2-pentanol

4. Naming Alcohols
3-hexanol
3-heptanol

5. Properties of Alcohols
The longer the alcohol molecule, the higher the boiling point
More soluble (can dissolve) in water than alkanes (due to presence of –OH group)

6. Ethers
Organic compound that has a single oxygen atom bonded to two separate hydrocarbon chains.
General Formula: R-O-R (where R is alkyl group).

7. Naming Ethers
Ethers are recognized by the presence of “oxy” in the IUPAC name. You add “oxy” right after the prefix of the SMALLER hydrocarbon chain, followed by the LARGER alkane name.
H H H H H H H H H H
H-C-C-O-C-C-C-H H-C-O-C-C-C-C-H
ethoxypropane methoxybutane

8. Structural Formulas of Ethers
Draw the following ethers:
methoxypentane
H H H H H H
H-C-O-C-C-C-C-C-H
butoxyhexane
H H H H H H H H H H
H-C-C-C-C-O-C-C-C-C-C-C-H

9. Properties of Ethers
More polar than hydrocarbons (due to presence of oxygen atom)
Boiling point is slightly higher than hydrocarbons, but lower than alcohols