1. Topics To Be Covered What is green manufacturing? Terms to know Goal
Nuts & bolts
How it works
Obstacles
Real world example
Critical thinking exercise
Summary
Added content: Strategic Challenges, Researched Response, and Predictions.

2. What Is Green Manufacturing?
Green manufacturing is a method for manufacturing that minimizes waste and pollution. These goals are often achieved through product and process design.
Taken out of class textbook.
“Foster, S. Thomas. Managing Quality: An Integrative Approach. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 2001.

3. Terms to Know
Here are some terms to help you better understand the idea of green manufacturing:
Product design – includes the the definition of the product architecture and the design, production, and and testing of a system for production.
Taken out of class textbook page 204.
“Foster, S. Thomas. Managing Quality: An Integrative Approach. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 2001.

4. Terms to Know (2 of 2) Three life cycle approaches to product design:
Design for reuse – refers to designing products so that they can be used in later generations of products.
Design for disassembly – a method for developing products so that they can be easily taken apart.
Design for remanufacture – a method for developing products so that the parts can be used in other products.
Taken out of class textbook page 204.
“Foster, S. Thomas. Managing Quality: An Integrative Approach. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 2001.

5. Goal of Green Manufacturing
The purpose is to support future generations by attaining sustainability by the means of preserving natural resources.
“Oslo Roundtable On Sustainable Production and Consumption.” Linkages.

6. Nuts & Bolts
“Environmentally benign manufacturing will become one of industry’s greatest strategic challenges, not only from an engineering perspective, but from a business and marketing perspective as well.” (3)
(3) Green Manufacturing Is A Strategic Priority.” ManufacturingNews.com. (15 Sept. 2000).

7. Strategic Challenges Range of coordinated actions
Trade and environment policies (mutually supportive)
Eliminating environmental harmful subsidies
Promoting the transfer of technologies and financial resources
Efficient operation of markets
Achieving greater international cooperation (4)
All Challenges from:
(4) “Oslo Roundtable On Sustainable Production and Consumption.” Linkages.

8. Obstacles Businesses have a responsibility of influence
Prices of raw material and subsidized energy are essential
Lack of availability and information (4)
Businesses have a responsibility of influencing the type of environmental life style that they impact and the good and services that they deliver.
Prices of raw material and subsidized energy indicating to businesses that the minimizing of waste and improvement of efficiency was essential.
Lack of availability and information of commercial and lean facilities for cleaner production.
All Obstacles from:
“Oslo Roundtable On Sustainable Production and Consumption.” Linkages.

9. Obstacles (2 of 2) High-profile leadership
Training programs need more support
Accessibility to loans from the government
National cleaner production centers need to be established (4)
All Obstacles from:
(4) “Oslo Roundtable On Sustainable Production and Consumption.” Linkages.

10. How It Works Rethink product and process technology
Explore the market potential
Supply goods and services
Extend producer responsibility (4)
1) Rethink product and process innovation technology development programs to include sustainable consumption factors.
2) Explore the market potential of substituting traditional products with new environmental services in repair (including upgrading), recycling and remanufacturing.
3) Supply goods and services with a product declaration containing information on key environmental parameters (e.g. durability, reparability, energy and water use, toxic contents).
4) Extend producer responsibility, through increase product life spans and improved after sales provision, followed by upgrading, reuse or recycling.
All procedures from:
(4) “Oslo Roundtable On Sustainable Production and Consumption.” Linkages.

11. How It Works (2 of 2) Reduce energy consumption Integrate promotion
Incorporate goals
Promote development
Integrate environmental costs (4)
1) Reduce energy consumption, material intensity and waste design.
2) Integrate the need to promote sustainable consumption into advertising, marketing and product information (e.g. through independent verification of advertising claims).
3) Incorporate the goals of more sustainable consumption and production in undertaking technology transfer to developing countries with economies in transition.
4) Promote the development of practical applications to internalize environmental costs through full resource cost pricing and environmental accounting efforts.
5) Integrate the environmental costs of production into the price of products, including the costs of environmental liability.
All procedures from:
(4)“Oslo Roundtable On Sustainable Production and Consumption.” Linkages.

12. Real World Example
The need for fossil fuels has lead to discoveries of different methods of manufacturing that replace renewable resources.

13. Real World Example Petroleum. Fossil fuel base for plastic.
Can be replaced by plants.
Corn can be fermented into polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA).
Final product is synthesized biologically and completely biodegradable.
Fast food and packaging industry use polystyrene which has similar characteristics as PHA.
(3) Green Manufacturing Is A Strategic Priority.” ManufacturingNews.com. (15 Sept. 2000).

14. Real World Example – How It Works
Corn is grown and harvested
Transported to manufacturing plant
Glucose extracted and fermented
Cells are washed and spun in centrifuge twice
Concentrated and dried into powder
(3) Green Manufacturing Is A Strategic Priority.” ManufacturingNews.com. (15 Sept. 2000).

15. Critical Thinking Exercise
“Do you think that this process of turning corn or plants into other fossil fuels will be beneficial to the environment in the future?” (3)
Why or why not?
(3) Green Manufacturing Is A Strategic Priority.” ManufacturingNews.com. (15 Sept. 2000).

16. Researched Response
More energy is consumed during polymer production through plant fermentation.
Energy is required to produce fertilizer, insecticide, and herbicides.
Energy is also required in growing, harvesting, and processing. (3)
(3) Green Manufacturing Is A Strategic Priority.” ManufacturingNews.com. (15 Sept. 2000).

17. Researched Response (2 of 3)
Total energy for 1 lb. Of PHA s equal to the utilization of 2.38 lbs of fossil fuel resources
Same amount of polystyrene using chemical manufacturing needs only 2.26 lbs of oil
19 times more electricity, 22% more steam, and seven times more water (3)
(3) Green Manufacturing Is A Strategic Priority.” ManufacturingNews.com. (15 Sept. 2000).

18. Researched Response (3 of 3)
2.39 lbs would have to be burned to make energy in fermentation
1.26 lbs would be burned in chemical manufacturing
Polluting effects are greater (3)
(3) Green Manufacturing Is A Strategic Priority.” ManufacturingNews.com. (15 Sept. 2000).

19. Predictions
“Given adequate support, renewable energy technologies can meet much of the growing demand at prices lower than those usually forecast for conventional energy. By the middle of the 21st century, renewable resources of energy could account for 3/5 of the world’s electricity market and 2/5 of the market for fuels used directly. Moreover, making a transition to renewable-intensive energy economy would provide environmental and other benefits not measure id standard economic accounts”.(4)

20. Summary
“Cleaner production is a preventive strategy that aims at promoting the use and the development of cleaner, processes, products, and services”. (4)
“A key to more sustainable development is long-term structural changes in the way our economies work”. (2)
(4) “Oslo Roundtable On Sustainable Production and Consumption.” Linkages.
(2) “Green Manufacturing Can Be Worse For Environment.” Unisci.com. (24 Aug 1999).

21. Bibliography
“Foster, S. Thomas. Managing Quality: An Integrative Approach. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 2001.
“Green Manufacturing Can Be Worse For Environment.” Unisci.com. (24 Aug 1999).
Green Manufacturing Is A Strategic Priority.” ManufacturingNews.com. (15 Sept. 2000).
“Oslo Roundtable On Sustainable Production and Consumption.” Linkages.