1. FORENSIC TRAPS Deputy Inspector Andrzej Rogalski
phone No

2. Forensic trap
is technical means used in operational activities - finding and criminal-investigation to thwart a criminal offence to prevent the escape of a person who committed a crime, tracking people as well as the designation, photographing, filming, as well as the detention of a person in order to prove the offence.
S. Czerw

3. Objects protected with forensic traps:
financial trading facilities,
flats,
chemist's,
vehicles
commercial buildings,
other

4. Aims of forensic TRAPS:
prevent committing an offence,
detention of the perpetrator,
depriving the perpetrators possibility to escape,
confirmation of the fact of having committed an act,
identification of the perpetrator and the persons and objects in contact with him,
fixation of appearance of the offender to provide material for his identification,
giving objects of annexation identification features,
marking banknotes, documents

5. Possible applications of forensic traps:
shoplifting
pickpocketing
drug transactions
fencing
burglary
protection of document security
robberies
determining how the perpetrator got to the scene and how he left it

6. Installation conditions of forensic traps
The use of forensic traps must be based on objective factors relating to the possibility of occurrence of a crime;
The measures taken must not endanger life or health;
The use of approved resources;
Installation of traps must be adapted to the nature of the offence and the expected results related to its result.
The installation must be preceded by a diagnosis of an object / area;
One should select the type of trap;
We strive to minimize the possibility of disclosure of the trap.

7. Types of forensic traps:
a breach by an unauthorized person of protected area.
acoustic, light, latent signals;
They use radio waves and infra-red radiation;
They utilize the principles of an electric circuit.

8. Types of forensic traps:
Marking traps - marking the person committing a crime in order to prove the fact of participation of the person in the act, contact of that person with another person, a place, or the object of annexation.
The measure consists in applying on the offender (body / clothing) special, hard to remove, agents:
- colouring
- colourless

9. The possibility of applying on the basis of evidence of the use of traps
way taken by the offender to get to the object
way of getting the perpetrators to the object,
way the perpetrator moved around the facility,
the number of perpetrators,
the subject of annexation,
penetration objects
knowledge of the topography of the object,
path of departure from the property.

10. The use of chemical markers
The use of a marking Clue Spray
The interior of a place with prepared potential object of seizure or unauthorized access.
The effect of the transfer of marker on his hands - the phenomenon of luminescence of UV light.
The effect of UV luminescence lighting in conjunction with exfoliated fingerprint traces.

11. Incapacitating traps
They are designed to incapacitate a person for the time necessary to take action by authorized service example until the arrival of police officers and arrest the perpetrator. The most commonly used chemical or mechanical traps, e.g. self-closing doors.

12. Capture - fixing traps
Traps allow for video recording or taking a photograph. Their task is to register the fact of the crime and the consolidation of the appearance of the perpetrator.

13. Procedural and forensic securing of traces caused by the trap:
documentation on assumptions of a trap (trap description, instructions of assembly and disassembly, recommendations how to react in case of activation of a trap).
documentation of operation of the trap,
detention of the person and examining the body and clothing, as well as the room and the car,
searching the person,
searching the apartment,

14. Note about implementing marking measures should contain information on:
marking the activities, the time, place and the persons involved in it,
course of action and the statements and conclusions of the participants,
decisions and orders issued in the course of action,
- if possible, the statement of other circumstances concerning the conduct of operations.
the factual basis of the use of the trap, data of the party ordering the use of the trap,

15. Note about implementing marking measures should contain information on:
description of the type of trap including the identification data of the measure,
sampling and model sample securing method of the measure,
a description of the application of the measure, the means,
recommendations on how to proceed in case of contact of the perpetrator with a forensic trap.
description of how to neutralize the trap after execution of the action.

16. Procedural and forensic securing of traces created as a result of the trap:
e.g. video tape, digital media, recorder,
e.g. in the case of a chemical trap.
preparation of metrics for the cassette, protected clothes, etc.,
Transferring collected material for further research

17. Giving opinions on the basis of video recordings
Execution of expertise based on video recordings recorded by video surveillance of objects.
Execution of illustrative documents of the contents recorded on VHS tapes, CDs and DVDs.
from records on VHS tapes, CDs and DVDs.
Analysis of the authenticity of the video recordings.
Analysis of the quality of video recordings and their assessment during the identification of persons and things.

18. The role of video recording as evidence in the case
Identification:
the image of a suspect
identification of registration numbers
the role of individual participants in the course of events
subject of crime
Incidental - version:
result of action
appearance features and the number of perpetrators
identifying characteristics of the vehicle
mode of action of the perpetrators and circumstances
witnesses