1. U.S. Infancy Aim: How did Washington set up the new government?
Do Now: How does Hamilton want to handle paying the debt of America?

2. US Infancy The first few decades of American history
US INFANCY – infant – baby. US is a “baby” country
Weak/fragile
The smallest conflict could destroy the country.
The United States of America

3. Washington Unanimously (everyone agrees) elected 1st president
Washington inaugurated – sworn in
Adams – Vice President
Sets many precedents – an example set for future generations

4. I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States."

5. Washington’s Cabinet Cabinet – heads of departments in government
Secretary of War – Henry Knox
Oversee U.S. defenses
Secretary of State – Thomas Jefferson
Oversee U.S. foreign relations
Secretary of Treasury – Alexander Hamilton
Manage government’s money

6. Economic Problems Owed money to France, Spain, and Netherlands
$52 million in debt
Must repay debt to win respect as new nation
No country would lend U.S. $ again if don’t repay

8. Hamilton’s Financial Plan
3 steps to improve nation’s finances
Pay off all war debts – the national government will pay back the state debt (assumption of debt)
Raise government revenues ($ supply)
Create a national bank
Southerners accept National Bank creation in exchange for capital in South
Washington D.C.

9. Workers use wages to buy goods. They then deposit $ in banks.
Banks use some of the $ deposited to give out loans so people can expand their businesses or buy homes.
Businesses use loans to expand and then hire more workers. Make more goods.
Goods

10. TARIFF – TAX ON IMPORTS IMPORT – GOODS COMING INTO THE COUNTRY
EXPORT – GOODS GOING/EXITING THE COUNTRY

12. Tariffs Tariff – tax on imports Raises income for government
Encourages people to buy products made in US and not from overseas
Goods in US cheaper

13. Whiskey Rebellion Tax on Whiskey to raise gov’t income
Grain used to make whiskey
Cheaper to ship whiskey than grain
Refusing to pay the tax
Pennsylvania

14. U.S. Infancy Aim: Explain Washington’s presidency.
Do Now: Explain Hamilton’s Economic Plan

15. Whiskey Rebellion
1794
Attack on tax collectors
Threaten to attack Pittsburgh
Washington sends in 13,000 troops to put down rebels
Shows the power of the government/president

16. U.S. Infancy Aim: How did Washington face problems in foreign affairs?
Do Now: What was the Whiskey Rebellion?

17. French Revolution 1789-1790s Inspired by America Revolution
Fight for liberty/equality
King Louis XVI executed
War with Britain
US – aid France of GB??

18. Neutrality Neutral – to not pick a side
Washington’s Neutrality Proclamation
British seizing goods and destroying US ships
John Jay sent to prevent war
Jay’s Treaty
British leave Northwest Territory
Pay for ships damaged by GB

19. Pinckney’s Treaty Thomas Pinckney Treaty with Spain - 1795
US can travel freely on Mississippi River
Establishes border with Spanish Florida

20. Political Parties
Political party – group of people that tries to promote its ideas and influence government

21. Democratic-Republicans
Federalists
Democratic-Republicans
Strong national gov’t
Fear of mob rule
Loose construction (interpretation) of the Constitution
Favor national bank
Economy based on manufacturing and business
Supporters: lawyers, merchants, manufacturers
Leader - Hamilton
Limited national gov’t
Fear of rule by one person or a few
Strict construction (interpretation) of Constitution
Opposed national bank
Economy based on farming
Supporters: farmers
Leader - Jefferson

22. Washington Farewell Address
Washington’s advice to Americans
Stay out of foreign affairs (neutrality)
Beware of political parties
Divides the nation

23. Foreign Policy – policy “outside” of the country (U.S.).
EXAMPLE – war, treaties (Jay’s)
Domestic Policy – policy “inside” of the country (U.S.)
EXAMPLE – taxes, elections, Whiskey Rebellion
US INFANCY – infant – baby. US is a “baby” country
Weak/fragile
The smallest conflict could destroy the country.
Economy – pay off debt. Hamilton’s Financial Plan
Neutral – doesn’t pick a side.

24. President Adams Election of 1796 Adams (Federalist) wins presidency
Jefferson (Democratic-Republican) is V.P.
Totally different views

25. U.S. Infancy Aim: How did Adams face difficulties in his presidency?
Do Now: Take out Alien and Sedition Acts worksheet.

26. Problems with France Britain and France at war
France seizes American ships to prevent trade with G.B.
Americans calling for war
Adams sends delegates to France keep the peace

27. XYZ Affair Delegates ignored for weeks
French agents – referred to as X, Y, and Z
Said talks would only take place if give France $10 million and $250,000 to the agents
Bribe – OFFERING $ GO GET WHAT YOU WANT
Cancel treaties with France
Congress builds up army and navy

28. Neutral Adams does not want a war
Could hurt the infant nation
Follows Washington’s Neutrality Proclamation
Democratic-Republicans criticize Adams
Want U.S. to help France
Adams called a tyrant

29. Alien and Sedition Acts
Passed by Congress in 1798
Alien – immigrant from another country
Can arrest disloyal aliens and order them to leave the country
Outlawed sedition – saying or writing anything false or harmful about the government
Restricting freedom of speech

30. Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
People furious over Alien and Sedition Acts
States’ rights – states had power to judge acts of Congress unconstitutional
KY and VA Resolutions
Alien and Sedition Acts are unconstitutional
Other states don’t agree
Supreme Court’s job to judge acts unconstitutional not the states