1. Cash Based Transfers (CBT)
Cash Based Transfer Programming, the other Approach for the delivery of Assistance

2. Lesson Plan: Cash Based Transfers (CBT)
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
By the end of the session, participants will be able to:
Describe the main changes in the Humanitarian Interventions approach
Describe the various Assistance Transfer Modalities and Delivery Mechanisms used by WFP
Structure
Timing
Activities
Introduction
5 minutes
Explain lesson objectives
What is the Humanitarian World Transformation ?
15 minutes
From Humanitarian Food Aid to Humanitarian Food Assistance (7 slides)
What are the Cash Based Transfers ?
40 minutes
Review of the Cash Based Transfer Modalities and Delivery Mechanisms (14 slides)
Where is WFP standing now in terms of Cash Based Transfers ?
Facts & Figures on the rapid increase in the use of CBT in WFP (6 slides)
Lesson End/Plenary
EVALUATION / RECAP QUESTIONS:
The facilitator should ask the questions below, or similar questions to the class to recap the lesson to ensure participants have understood the lesson content.
What are the main shifts in the Humanitarian Interventions approach for Assistance delivery ?
What kind of new additional Assistance Transfer Modalities have been integrated in WFP ?
What are the new additional Delivery Mechanisms used by WFP?
What kind of new additional role/activities are undertaken by the WFP Logistics ?
Total Lesson Length
90 minutes
This slide is for the facilitators reference only.
This slide should be hidden from the workbook and from the class presentation
DO NOT PRINT IN WORKBOOK
DO NOT DISPLAY IN CLASS

3. Lesson Objectives 1 2 By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe the main changes in the Humanitarian Interventions approach 2
Describe the various Assistance Transfer
Modalities and Delivery Mechanisms used by WFP

4. Time of Change in the Humanitarian World ?
Module 1
Time of Change in the Humanitarian World ?

5. From Humanitarian Aid to Humanitarian Assistance
Emergencies
HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
Emergencies
Rapid Recovery
Development

6. From Humanitarian Aid to Humanitarian Assistance
Main changes
PROGRAM
From a stereotype quantitative response to a quality integrative approach
BENEFICIARIES
From a passive Receiver to an active Partner in the recovery
SYSTEM
From a unilateral silo approach to a shared network engagement
TOOLS
From a unique monolithic tool to the linkages between several instruments

7. PROGRAM The new dimensions to consider in Humanitarian projects
From Humanitarian Aid to Humanitarian Assistance
PROGRAM
The new dimensions to consider in Humanitarian projects
DIMENSION OF SPACE
Impacts at the individual, household, group, community levels
Impacts at the Regional, Country Program, Project Area levels
DIMENSION OF TIME
Short-term impact
Medium-term impact
Long-term impact
MULTI DIMENSION TRANSVERSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Secondary Impacts at the Food, Non-Food and Labour Market Levels, local economy, livelihoods & security
Secondary Impacts at the country Food Security Policy, the country Resilience Strategy, Millennium Goals, Government Safety nets, etc.
Holistic approach & Multi-factorial issues attention (Program, Finance, Logistics, Supply Chain, Telecommunication, Legal & Protection Issues)
Gender balance promotion & Vulnerability issues consideration
Empowerment of beneficiaries & Community participation
Exit strategies & links with Governments & Safety Nets
« Do not Harm » approach & Dignity Issues & Beneficiary preferences

8. From Humanitarian Aid to Humanitarian Assistance
BENEFICIARIES
Changes in the perceptions of the beneficiary
ABOUT HIMSELF
Becoming an actor of his own recovery
FOR THE INSTITUTION
Becoming a Partner of the recovery
Implies willingness to participate
Implies increasing knowledge from both sides
Reinforce Sustainability
Develop Resilience
Enforce Respect
Improve Dignity

9. Changes with the new way of working and sharing of responsibilities
From Humanitarian Aid to Humanitarian Assistance
SYSTEM
Changes with the new way of working and sharing of responsibilities
FROM THE INTERNAL SECTORIAL SILO APPROACH…..
…. TO THE EXTERNAL MULTI PARTNERS COLLABORATIVE APPROACH
WFP
Private Sector
NGO & INGOs
UN Sister Agencies
Governmental Agencies
Donors
Management
Program
Security
ICT
Logistics & Supply Chain
Finance
Procurement

10. From Humanitarian Aid to Humanitarian Assistance
TOOLS
New innovative interactions between various instruments of intervention
CASH
Community based Participatory Planning
Technical Assistance
In-Kind Food
DRR
School Feeding
VAM
SCOPE
VOUCHER
Food for Trainings
Resilience
Purchase for Progress
Safety Nets
Livelihood
Capacity Building
B2B
Food for Assets

11. Review of the WFP Cash based Intervention Transfer Modalities
Module 2
Review of the WFP Cash based Intervention Transfer Modalities

12. WFP Cash Base Intervention Transfer modalities
Tentative definitions
“Cash interventions transfer resources to people by giving them cash or vouchers” (ODI Good Practice Review)
“Cash transfer programming in emergencies is one form of humanitarian response, which can be used to meet basic needs and/or protect, establish or re-establish livelihoods” (IFRC and ICRC Guidelines on CT)
“Cash and Vouchers are ways of transferring resources to beneficiaries”. Beneficiaries receive cash or vouchers to gain access to food items in the marketplace. (WFP Cash and Vouchers Manual 2009)
IMPORTANT! Cash & Voucher transfer modalities are not programs or objectives. They are assistance transfer modalities that respond to program needs in order to achieve its goals on the most cost-efficient and effective manner.

13. Cash assistance transfer modality
WFP Cash Base Intervention Transfer modalities
Cash assistance transfer modality
A cash transfer is the assistance in the form of physical cash or electronic disbursement that enables direct access to food from the market place. Cash transfers can be distributed through 2 different models.
Model 1: Cash account
Cash can be distributed through accounts opened in a selected bank or other financial institution. Beneficiaries have several alternatives to access cash at the bank counter, with ATM cards, cell phone and others
Model 2: Immediate Cash
Cash is made immediately available to beneficiaries via ‘direct delivery’ (e.g. cash in envelopes on site) or via ‘collection’ from an agent or bank counter (e.g. cash at disposal). In both cases, beneficiaries are not required to open an account.

14. WFP Cash Base Intervention Transfer modalities
Cash Assistance Distribution Models

15. Voucher assistance transfer modality
WFP Cash Base Intervention Transfer modalities
Voucher assistance transfer modality
A voucher transfer is the assistance provided in the form of a paper or electronic entitlement redeemable at pre-selected shops/retailers or at an organized fairs. It is made of a list of food items consistent with the project objectives.
Commodity Vouchers
Can be exchanged for a fixed quantity of food or services
Value Vouchers
Redeemable by the equivalent value in cash with a selection of specified foods.

16. WFP Cash Base Intervention Transfer modalities
WFP Voucher transfers can be distributed through 2 different models.
Model 3: Paper Voucher
Beneficiaries receive paper coupons carrying the entitlement. Vouchers can be redeemed in exchange for food items or services in pre-selected, retailers/millers, shops and/or at specifically organized fairs. It cannot be exchanged for cash.
Model 4: E-Voucher
Beneficiaries receive an electronic voucher carrying information on the value, or on the food items and/or quantities they can be exchanged for. They can be recharged repeatedly based on the project objectives, activities or needs. Information is stored in the plastic card. In some cases electronic vouchers are provided through cell phones.

17. WFP Cash Base Intervention Transfer modalities
Vouchers Assistance Distribution Models

18. Unconditional Assistance
WFP Cash Base Intervention Transfer modalities
Unconditional Assistance
Global & specific sectorial assessments
Unconditional Assistance
Cost-efficiency and effectiveness Analysis
In-Kind Food
Cash for the purchase of Food
Vouchers for acquisition of Food

19. Unconditional assistance through Cash based Transfer modalities
WFP Cash Base Intervention Transfer modalities
Unconditional assistance through Cash based Transfer modalities
These transfers are direct assistance to beneficiaries in the form of money payments or through vouchers transfers. Beneficiaries can directly meet their needs of food on the market
To receive assistance, particular conditions or activities are not required to selected beneficiaries and it is assumed that recipients will use it for the acquisition of food for their needs
These are non-contributory assistance transfers with no expectation of repayment or compensation from the beneficiary

20. WFP Cash Base Intervention Transfer modalities Conditional Assistance
Global and specific assessments
Conditional Assistance
Food For Assets (FFA)
Food For Trainings (FFT)
Food For Livelihood Recovery (FFR)
Cost-efficiency and Effectiveness Analysis
In-Kind Food
Cash for the purchase of Food
Vouchers for acquisition of Food

21. Conditional Assistance through Cash or Voucher transfer modalities
WFP Cash Base Intervention Transfer modalities
Conditional Assistance through Cash or Voucher transfer modalities
This type of assistance is based on pre requisites that have to be fulfilled by the beneficiaries, for example:
Participation to defined Trainings
Participation to working schemes
Keeping children in school and access to health services
Conditionality does not mean restrictions in the use of cash neither in the beneficiary’s selection process

22. WFP Cash Base Intervention Transfer modalities
How to select and use the most appropriate Assistance transfer Modality?

23. Why use Cash and Vouchers transfer modalities?
WFP Cash Base Intervention Transfer modalities
Why use Cash and Vouchers transfer modalities?
Preserve beneficiary’s dignity avoiding stigmatization and stereotypes
Increase the flexibility in the choice of adapted food, respecting cultural patterns
Facilitates the transfer of power from humanitarian organizations to the beneficiaries, strengthening sustainability
Cost-efficiency and effectiveness improved for agencies and beneficiaries
Consider a multiplier effects on several areas
Assist in the revitalisation of local and economic markets

24. WFP Cash Base Intervention Transfer modalities
Additional Impacts
Beneficiaries can set their own priorities
Cash/Vouchers helps people to take responsibility for their own nutrition
Families or individuals obtain a Bank account, often without any administrative fee
Potential for complementing other Agency’s scope of work
Feverish the connection with the phases of recovery support

25. WFP Cash Base Intervention Transfer modalities
Minimum requirements for the use of Cash and Voucher transfer modalities
Markets need to operate
Availability of food at the local, regional or national level and within a reasonable distance
Traders willing and able to participate
Geographic accessibility of shops/markets to recipients
A reliable beneficiaries identification system
A system of reliable operation through which you can pay
Political acceptance, stable context and security
Agreement and community awareness

26. Cash based Interventions in WFP and where WFP stands now
Module 3
Cash based Interventions in WFP and where WFP stands now

27. Where WFP stands worldwide now in terms of CBT
9.6 million people

28. Where WFP stands now worldwide in terms of CBT

29. Where WFP stands now in terms of CBT

30. Where WFP stands now in Asia region in terms of CBT

31. Where WFP stands now in terms of CBT
POTENTIAL ACTIVITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF WFP SUPPORT TO GOVERNMENTS IN THE AREA OF SOCIAL SAFETY NETS
WFP SUPPORT TO GOVERNMENTS IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SHOCK RESPONSIVE SAFETY NETS
WFP SUPPORT TO GOVERNMENTS IN THE IMPROVEMENT OF THEIR SAFETY NETS
WFP SUPPORT TO GOVERNMENTS IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THEIR SAFETY NETS
WFP SUPPORT TO GVT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOUTH-SOUTH COOPERATION NETWORKS FOR SHARING KNOWLEDGE AND CAPACITY BUILDING ON SAFETY NETS
Philippines (Haiyan Hurricane, 2014)
Fidji
(Winston Cyclone, 2015)
Sri Lanka
(Floods, 2016)
India
(Technical support request from India GVT – shifting their SSN Transfer modality, Dec. 2015)
Myanmar
(Mandalay - Take advantage of a WFP CBT Project to create an embryo of SSN – Interest from SDC)
Fiji
(Aftershock Follow-up with Fidjian GVT)
India
(SSN Pilot projects –Chandigarh – Pondicherry)

32. Where WFP stands now in terms of CBT

33. DO NOT PRINT IN WORKBOOK
Recap Lesson
Questions: 1
What are the main shifts in the Humanitarian Interventions approach for Assistance delivery ?
DO NOT PRINT IN WORKBOOK 2
What kind of new additional Assistance Transfer Modalities have been integrated in WFP ? 3
What are the new additional Delivery Mechanisms used by WFP? 4
What kind of new additional role/activities are undertaken by the WFP Logistics ?

34. QUESTIONS ?
ACE Programme