1. Water Resources Engineering-I Outline
COURSE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
BASICS IN IRRIGATION ENGINEERING
CONSIDERATIONS IN PLANNING IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
IRRIGATION TECHNIQUES AND QUALITY
WATER REQUIREMENTS

2. CHAPTER One: COURSE GOALS
This course goals:
(i)   To introduce students the basic concepts of soil, water, plants, their interactions, as well as irrigation and drainage systems design, planning and management.
(ii) To develop analytical skills relevant to the areas mentioned in (i) above, particularly the design of irrigation and drainage projects.

3.             Course Objectives
On Completion of this course, students should be able to: (i) Understand the basic soil-plant-water parameters related to irrigation (ii) Understand how to estimate the quantity of water required by crops (iii) Be able to plan and design irrigation and drainage projects.

4. COURSE OBJECTIVES CONTINUE..
(iv) Understand the computer applications in irrigation and drainage designs. 
(v)  Design channels and other irrigation structures required for irrigation, drainage, soil conservation, flood control and other water-management projects.

5. OBJECTIVES OF IRRIGATION
To Supply Water Partially or Totally for Crop Need
To Cool both the Soil and the Plant
To Leach Excess Salts
To improve Groundwater storage
To Facilitate continuous cropping
To Enhance Fertilizer Application- Fertigation

6. To Understand Irrigation, One Needs Knowledge of:
Basic Soil Science/Physics
Plants
Water
Plant/Soil/Water Relations
Hydraulics
Hydrology
General Engineering Principles

7. BASICS IN IRRIGATION ENGINEERING
IRRIGATION ENGINEERING: Involves
Conception,
Planning,
Design,
Construction,
Operation and
Management of an irrigation system.
An irrigation engineer has theoretical (basics and advance knowledge of irrigation engineering) as well as practical training in planning, design, construction, operation and management of irrigation systems.

8. Considerations in Planning Irrigation Systems
i) Location: The main point to consider in locating an irrigation project is the need to investigate available resources in the area e.g.
Climate,
Adequate water in quality and quantity,
Land with good agricultural potential and
Good topography,
Availability of labour (sophisticated or not),
Land tenure,
Marketing,
Transport facilities etc.

9. Considerations in Planning Irrigation Systems Continue…
ii) Crops to be grown: Should be determined by available resources as well as marketability of the crops especially in terms of what people like to eat.
Water Supply:
(a) Sources of water
(b) Quantity and quality of water
(c) Engineering works necessary to obtain water e.g. if underground, pumping is needed
(d) Conveyance System: can be by gravity e.g. open channels or canals or by closed conduits e.g. pipes.
(e) Water measuring devices e.g. weirs, orifice, flumes, current meters

10. Other Considerations
iv) Systems of Applying Water: Break up in %
e.g. Surface (90% worldwide),
Sprinkler(5%),
Trickle and Sub-irrigation(5%).
 v) Water Demand: The water requirement for the given crop has to be determined. This is by calculating the evapotranspiration (to be treated later)
 vi) Project Management: Consider how to manage the irrigation system