1. Writing in the Modules: Aligned to the Common Core Vision and to Research

2. Writing is from Sources and in a Variety of Modes
Shift 2
Reading, writing and speaking grounded in evidence from text, both literary and informational
To address this shift in the modules:
The majority of writing tasks require students to write from sources.
Students write in multiple modes: they support opinions with evidence, use evidence to explain their ideas, and tell stories informed by prior learning.
Students cite textual evidence in both formal assessments and in daily informal activities.
Focused mini-lessons and activities help students analyze the use of effective evidence and apply this learning to their own writing.

3. Example: 5M3B, Unit 2, Lesson 4
“Developing a Vital Resource for Canadians and the World” Note-catcher
Questions
Notes
Answers
Evidence
(quotes from the transcript)
1. What does potash mean to the people of Saskatchewan?
2. Why do the people need more food?

4. Writing is Grounded in Deep, Relevant Content Knowledge
Students who are college and career ready develop knowledge in a variety of subject areas, work actively with that knowledge and convey and refine their ideas through writing and speaking (CCSS ELA, 2011, p. 7).
To address this in the modules:
The modules focus on building students’ content knowledge, often related to a compelling aspect of science or social studies standards for that grade level.
Students write about the topics and content that they have studied deeply through reading, discussion, and other activities.
Lessons follow a coherent sequence to deepen students’ understanding of the topic.
Writing tasks become increasingly complex.

5. Mid-Unit 3 Assessment: Draft Position Paper
Example: 8M4, Unit 3, Lesson 2
Mid-Unit 3 Assessment: Draft Position Paper
Learning Target: I can write arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence (W.8.1)
Focus question: Which of Michael Pollan’s four food chains would best feed the US?
Throughout Unit 2 you identified the consequences and stakeholders of each of Michael Pollan’s four food chains in order to choose a food chain to answer the focus question. In this assessment, you will organize your ideas into a position paper. You have already done the thinking for this paper when writing your position speeches, so you should use your speeches to help you write your paper.
In your essay, be sure to:
State which food chain you would choose and at least two reasons why.
Provide evidence and sound reasoning for each of the reasons you have provided.
Provide a counterclaim and respond to it.

6. Writing is Strategically Linked to Reading, Thinking and Discussion
The Common Core portrait of student who has mastered the standards (ELA, 2011, p. 7) names the ability to refine thinking and knowledge through writing
To address this in the modules:
Students read and re-read and engage in multiple experiences around a topic.
Students write informally as they learn before moving on to more formal writing. This includes routine use of “Exit Tickets” and structured note taking.
Strategic questioning and discussion protocols engage students in the thinking processes that scaffold towards effective writing.
Deliberately interspersed opportunities for reading, discussion and writing all support the recursive nature of refining understanding.

7. Example: 4M1B, Unit 3, Lesson 4
Exit Ticket

8. Writing is Frequent, Varied and Promotes Student Engagement
Students who are college and career ready must be able to adapt their communication to meet the demands of audience, task, purpose, and discipline – including being able to communicate effectively with people of varied backgrounds (CCSS ELA, 2011, p. 7)
To address this in the modules:
Students have a wide range of writing experiences (aligned to CCSS W.10), with a balance of frequent informal writing and regular formal writing to prompts.
Students do formal (academic) writing in every unit (there are 3 units per module).
Students do both “on-demand” writing tasks (to show what they can do independently) and more scaffolded writing tasks (to show what they can do with support).
When possible, students write in formats that mirror authentic work and write for audiences beyond the teacher and classroom.
Carefully structured learning sequences support the developmental nature of learning to write.
Written assessments provide teachers with a range of data to determine support needs.

9. Example: 6M3B, Unit 3, Lesson 1 Informative Consumer Guide
Focus question: What do consumers need to know about overfishing and fish depletion when buying fish?
For this performance task, you are going to create an informative consumer guide to be placed in a grocery store, near the fish counter, to inform people about the issue of fish depletion due to overfishing and to guide them in how to buy fish caught using sustainable fishing methods.
Your guide should fit onto one piece of paper so consumers don’t have to carry a lot of paper around in the store with them. It should explain the problem, provide a case study to highlight the impact of the problem, and provide suggestions for how to buy fish caught using sustainable fishing methods. It should be eye-catching to encourage consumers to pick it up when they stand at the fish counter deciding which fish to buy, and compelling to encourage them to read to the end.

10. Writing Instruction is Explicit, Modeled, and Scaffolded
The Common Core portrait of student who has mastered the standards emphasizes the need for students to convey intricate or multifaceted information in an effective and articulate manner (CCSS ELA, 2011, p. 7)
To address this in the modules:
Students are given time to think, discuss, and process information in various formats. This helps them develop clear ideas before structuring them in formal writing.
Students use graphic organizers to help gather information and plan their writing. They are exposed to a variety of tools, and are encouraged analyze which formats work best for them.
Students focus on one skill or strategy at a time. Teachers chunk specific standards, techniques and elements of writing with targeted mini-lessons, teacher modeling and practice opportunities for students.
Students develop essential skills working with language conventions through contextualized, explicit grammar instruction that is tied to the demands of the a specific writing task.

11. Example: 7M2A, Unit 1, Lesson 10

12. Student-Engaged Assessment Practices Promote High Quality Written Products
The Common Core clearly indicates that students must become self-directed learners who can use resources to support their own learning (CCSS ELA, 2011, p. 7)
To address this in the modules:
Students participate in ongoing student-engaged assessment (SEA), including the use of models, critique, and descriptive feedback.
Students work with teachers to develop rubrics and criteria lists, which further clarifies their vision of quality writing and empowers them to gather data on their progress.
Specific and strategically timed lessons teach students the essential collaborative skills of giving and receiving feedback on their writing, so students can take appropriate action to improve.

13. Example: 6M3A, Unit 3, Lesson 12 Peer Critique Guidelines
Be kind: Always treat others with dignity and respect. This means we never use words that are hurtful, including sarcasm.
Be specific: Focus on particular strengths and weaknesses, rather than making general comments like, “It’s good,” or “I like it.” Provide insight into why it is good or what, specifically, you like about it. For example, “I like the word choice here,” or “I am confused by this sentence. Can you rewrite it to be clearer?”
Be helpful: The goal is to positively contribute to the individual or the group, not to simply be heard. Echoing the thoughts of others or cleverly pointing out details that are irrelevant wastes time. Really be the audience and help your peer.
Participate: Peer critique is a process to support each other, and your feedback is valued!