1. Mass and Weight Are Not the Same!!!
Bell
Work
SPI
Mass and Weight
Vocab
Instructions
Take out a clean sheet of paper.
Write your heading in the top/right corner.
Answer these questions.
1) In your own words, explain the difference (contrast) between
mass and weight.
2) What is the connection between gravity and weight?
Mass and Weight Are Not the Same!!!

2. Notes Science Gravity-Mass and Distance SPI 0807.12.5
Tennessee SPI Objective:
Determine the relationship among the mass of objects, the distance between these objects, and the amount of
gravitational attraction.
Essential Question(s)
What is mass?
What is weight?
What is gravity?
How does mass and distance affect gravitational pull?
Learning Target
I can identify factors that influence the amount of gravitational force between objects
Success Criteria
I will be able to differentiate between mass and weight.
I will be able to explain how mass and distance affect gravitational force.

3. Notes -unit of measure for mass: Grams Mass and Weight
SPI
Mass and Weight
Notes
Science
Mass…What is it?
---Mass is how much matter is in an object.
---In other words it is how much "stuff" is in an object
---Everything that is made of matter has mass.
---So anything that is a solid, liquid, gas, or plasma has mass.
Mass…How is it measured?
---We measure mass with a triple-beam balance or an electric
balance (there are various kinds)
--We are measuring the amount of matter in the object
-unit of measure for mass: Grams
-examples: milligrams (mg), grams (g), kilograms (kg)

4. Notes -unit of measure for weight: Newtons (not pounds!)
SPI
Mass and Weight
Notes
Science
Weight…What is it?
---Weight is the measure of gravity's pull on an object.
---In other words it is how "heavy" something feels
---Everything that is made of matter has weight.
---So anything that is a solid, liquid, gas, or plasma has weight.
Weight…How is it measured?
---We measure weight by using a scale (there are various kinds)
---We are actually measuring the force of gravity's pull
-unit of measure for weight: Newtons (not pounds!)

5. SPI
Mass and Weight
Notes
Science
Mass…How Can I Tell the Difference Between Mass & Weight?
---Mass does not change from planet to planet like weight does
Example:
-A full/unopened can of coke on Earth has a mass of 390g.
-The same unopened can on Mars would have the same mass (390g)
-A full/unopened can of coke on Earth weighs 3.61 Newtons.
-The same unopened can on Mars would weigh 1.20 Newtons
Why? Mars is smaller (less mass) than Earth & therefore has less gravity
Earth
Earth
Mars
Mars
Mass 390g
Mass 390g
weight1.20 N
weight3.61 N

6. Mass and Weight Are Not the Same!!!
Dance Party
Brain Break
SPI
Mass and Weight
Mass and Weight Video- Brain Break
---Watch this song-video, and have a dance party!
Link: "The Mass vs Weight Song" by Mr. Edmonds
Mass and Weight Are Not the Same!!!

7. Gravity-Mass and Distance
SPI
Gravity-Mass and Distance
Science
Notes
Gravity
is a “mysterious” force found everywhere in the universe that pulls particles of matter together
Key Concept: Gravity is a pulling force (not a pushing force)
Law of Universal Gravitation
F.Y.I -Isaac Newton is credited with defining this law
The law states that gravity is everywhere in our universe, and that its attractive force changes based on mass and distance.
Reminder: Mass is the amount of matter in an object
Summary: Every particle of matter is attracted to every other particle of matter.

8. (Imagine these objects are floating in space)
Mass Affects Gravity
Objects with more mass have stronger gravity
Look below: (bowling ball and a baseball) both objects are made of matter, so both objects have gravity.
So both objects are being pulled towards each other.
Yet the ball with more mass (bowling ball) has more gravity.
Therefore its pull is stronger (view animation)
Diagram 01
(Imagine these objects are floating in space)

9. Mass Affects Gravity
The example of a bowling ball and a baseball is similar to the gravity effect with a planet and a moon
Diagram 01
Earth and the Moon

10. Notes Science Gravity-Mass and Distance Mass Affects Gravity
SPI
Gravity-Mass and Distance
Science
Mass Affects Gravity
Look below: (baseball and a golf ball) both objects are made of matter, so both objects have gravity.
So both objects are being pulled towards each other.
Yet the ball with more mass (baseball) has more gravity.
Therefore its pull is stronger (view animation)
This is similar to the gravity effect with a moon and a asteroid
Diagram 02
(Imagine these objects are floating in space)

11. Notice the volume (size) of the Sun contrasted with Jupiter
The Sun is bigger because it has more matter (mass)
Because it has more mass, it likewise has more gravity
Note: The planets are not
actually this close to the Sun

12. Therefore Jupiter has more gravity than Earth.
Jupiter has more mass than Earth.
Therefore Jupiter has more gravity than Earth.
Earth
The Moon
The Earth has more mass than the Moon.
Therefore Earth has more gravity than the Moon.

13. Notes Science Gravity-Mass and Distance Distance Affects Gravity
SPI
Gravity-Mass and Distance
Notes
Science
Distance Affects Gravity
Affect of gravity increases when objects are closer together.
Affect of gravity decreases when objects are farther apart.
In diagram 01 the two soccer balls are 5m apart (floating in space).
In diagram 02 the two soccer balls are 10m apart (floating in space.
Gravitation attraction is greatest when they are closer together.
5 meters
Diagram 01
10 meters
Diagram 02

14. Gravity-Mass and Distance Distance Affects Gravity
The Sun
SPI
Gravity-Mass and Distance
Earth
The Moon
Distance Affects Gravity
The Sun has more gravity than the Moon.
Yet the Moon is closer to Earth than the Sun.
So the Moon’s gravitation pull on Earth’s oceans (tides) is greater than the Sun’s gravitation pull.

15. Gravity and the Theory of Relativity
F.Y.I. -Einstein theorized that mass warps (bends/curves) space and this warping explains the force we call gravity.
Watch both of these Youtube videos:
Write down three things that catch your attention, and be ready to share afterwards.
Link: Curvature of Space-Time (34 sec)
Link: How Gravity Really Works (1 min 45 sec)

16. Gravity-Mass and Distance
Four Corners
Brain Break
SPI
Gravity-Mass and Distance
1) What is the name of the law about gravity? The law of…
…Conservation of Mass C) …Universal Gravitation
… Universal Attraction D)… Conservation of Gravity
(2) All matter in the universe attracts other matter by?
A “pushing force” C) A “pulling force”
A “push and pull force”
(3) The strength of gravity depends on the ______ of the objects
A) Masses B) Shape C) Size D) rotation
4) Effect of gravity depends on the _____ between the objects.
Energy B) Distance C) orbit D) objects
5) What did Einstein say about mass and gravity?
A) That mass warps space B) Mass and gravity are the same

17. Gravity-Mass and Distance
SPI
Gravity-Mass and Distance
Science
Questions
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18. Gravity-Mass and Distance
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Gravity-Mass and Distance
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Science
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19. Gravity-Mass and Distance
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Gravity-Mass and Distance
Questions
Science
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20. Gravity-Mass and Distance
SPI
Gravity-Mass and Distance
Questions
Science
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21. Gravity-Mass and Distance
SPI
Gravity-Mass and Distance
Questions
Science
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