1. Women in the US Master LEA 1 http://johncmullen.blogspot.com
(Thanks to Amy Wells)

7. 1) In what year did women in the United States win the right to vote
1) In what year did women in the United States win the right to vote? 2) Which was the first state to grant women the vote in presidential elections? 3) Why were women arrested and force-fed in prison in 1917? 4) What was the margin of victory when the 19th Amendment was finally passed by the U.S. Congress? 5) In which year did English women get the vote? 6) In which year did French women get the vote?

8. Answers
1) ) 72 3) Susan B. Anthony 4) Wyoming 5) They had protested (picketed the White House) 6) 1 vote 7) 1918/1928 8) 1945

9. Throughout early American history women were seen as virtuous protectors of American ideals - liberty, freedom and righteousness.
Despite this women lacked many legal rights during this time; they lack property rights, voting rights, the right to serve on juries, etc.
The early Women’s Movement sought equal rights to men both in the law and the workplace.

10. The Second Great Awakening
“Spiritual Reform From Within” [Religious Revivalism]
Social Reforms & Redefining the Ideal of Equality
Temperance
Education
Abolitionism
Asylum & Penal Reform
Women’s Rights

11. Early 19c Women Unable to vote. Legal status of a minor.
Single --> could own her own property.
Married --> no control over her property or her children.
Could not initiate divorce.
Couldn’t make wills, sign a contract, or bring suit in court without her husband’s permission.

12. Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Women’s Rights
> split in the abolitionist movement over women’s role in it.
London --> World Anti-Slavery Convention
Lucretia Mott
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
> Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments

13. Cult of Domesticity = Slavery
The 2nd Great Awakening inspired women to improve society.
Lucy Stone
Angelina Grimké
Sarah Grimké
American Women’s Suffrage Assoc.
edited Woman’s Journal
Southern Abolitionists
R2-9

14. Seneca Falls Declaration
Susan B. Anthony on Marriage and Slavery
“The married women and their legal status. What is servitude? “The condition of a slave.” What is a slave? “A person who is robbed of the proceeds of his labor; a person who is subject to the will of another…”
I submit the deprivation by law of ownership of one’s own person, wages, property, children, the denial of right as an individual, to sue and be sued, to vote, and to testify in the courts, is a condition of servitude most bitter and absolute, though under the sacred name of marriage.
Seneca Falls Declaration

15. Women’s Rights Movement
1848: Feminist reform led to Seneca Falls Convention
Significance: launched modern women’s rights movement
Established the arguments and the program for the women’s rights movement for the remainder of the century

16. SENECA FALLS
The first Woman’s rights movement was in Seneca Falls, New York in 1849……
Educational and professional opportunities
Property rights
Legal equality
repeal of laws awarding the father custody of the children in divorce.
Suffrage rights

17. SENECA FALLS
The following is an excerpt from the Seneca Falls Declaration written by Elizabeth Cady Stanton.

18. SENECA FALLS
We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men and women are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness; that to secure these rights governments are instituted, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed……

19. SENECA FALLS
The history of mankind is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations on the part of man toward woman, having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over her. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world….
He has made her, if married, in the eye of the law, civilly dead.
He has taken from all right in property, even to the wages she earns.

20. SENECA FALLS
He has made her, morally, an irresponsible being, as she can commit many crimes with impunity, provided they be done in the presence of her husband.
In the covenant of marriage, she is compelled to promise obedience to her husband, he becoming, to all intents and purposes, her master; the law giving him power to deprive her of her liberty, and to administer chastisement.

21. Elizabeth Cady Stanton Susan B. Anthony Jane Addams Carrie Nation
Margaret Sanger
Seneca Falls Convention; Women’s Suffrage
Women’s Suffrage
Founds Hull House
Temperance
Founds the American Birth Control League
1848
In 1920, the 19th Amendment is passed
1889
In 1919, the 20th Amendment is passed and prohibits alcohol
1921

22. AMENDMENT XV
SECTION 1.
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
SECTION 2.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
1871

23. Fifteenth Amendment, 1871
Granted African-American men the right to vote
Many women who thought African American men and women would be enfranchised together were disappointed
African Americans split over whether men should get vote before women

24. Sojourner Truth, 1869
“There is a great stir about colored men getting their rights, but not a word about the colored women And if colored men get their rights, and not colored women theirs, you see the colored men will be masters over the women, and it will be just as bad as it was before.”

25. Before 1910
The women’s suffrage movement splits, but then unites in 1890 fusing into the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)
Big leaders: Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Two big strategies:
Try to win suffrage state-by-state
Try to pass a Constitutional Amendment (but this would need to be ratified by 36 states--or three-fourths)

26. Susan B. Anthony
Susan B. Anthony tried several times to introduce an Amendment bill in the late 1800s, but it was always killed in the Senate.

27. Anti-Suffragists: Those who opposed suffrage (many “Anti’s” were women)

28. Arguments of Anti-Suffragists:
Women were high-strung, irrational, emotional
Women were not smart or educated enough
Women should stay at home
Women were too physically frail; they would get tired just walking to the polling station
Women would become masculine if they voted

30. The Next Generation Elizabeth Cady Stanton died 1902
Susan B. Anthony died 1906
But in the early 1900s many young middle-class women were going to college and joining the suffrage movement
Many working-class women also joined the cause, hoping the right to vote would help improve working conditions

31. Carrie Chapman Catt led the National American Woman Suffrage Association.
She believed in:
A Careful state-by-state strategy
Supporting President Wilson even if he doesn’t outright support suffrage (Democrats were safer than Republicans)
Acting ladylike & not embarrassing the movement
Carrie Chapman Catt

32. National Woman’s Party
Alice Paul led the National Woman’s Party.
She believed in more aggressive strategies:
Focused on passing a Constitutional Amendment
Picked up un-ladylike strategies from British suffragists (e.g., heckling politicians, picketing)
Refused to support President Wilson if he wouldn’t support woman suffrage
NWP members were arrested for picketing in front of the White House; they were put in jail, went on a hunger strike and were force-fed
National Woman’s Party

34. NWP Actions

35. American leader in the birth control movement
She was convinced that her family planning was a necessary step in social progress.
Indicted in 1915 for sending birth control information through the mail
Arrested for conducting a birth control clinic in Brooklyn (1916)
Clinic:
Formed the National Committee on Federal Legislation for Birth Control (Today’s Planned Parenthood)
Margaret Sanger 1879–1966

36. 19th Amendment, 1920
“The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.” (Tennessee was the 36th state to ratify and it passed by only 1 vote)

37. Can a woman be President of the United States of America?
The male-female double standard for political candidates, especially regarding media coverage
Is a woman physically strong enough?
What does Chuck Norris think?
Not only would her presidency be “Obama, the Sequel,” but she would be an unbridled, more powerful, mega-wealthy, powder-keg Obama personality. Read more: 
Can a woman be President of the United States of America?

38. 1921
Margaret Sanger founds the American Birth Control League

39. 1922 First woman state senator Renecca Felton

40. 1935 Mary Macleod Bethune founds National Council of Negro Women

41. Eugenie Anderson is appointed in 1949 US Ambassador by President Harry Truman

42. 1955 founding of the organization « Daughters of Bilitis »

43. 1957 Decoy: Police woman

44. 1963

45. 1963 Equal Pay Act

46. 1965 Rachel Henderlite is the first woman ordained as a presbyterian minister

48. 1966 Bobbi Gibb first woman to run Boston Marathon, though it was against the rules (until 1971)

49. 1972 full launch of Ms magazine

50. 1972 The Equal Rights Amendment to the US constitution is passed by congress, but not ratified by enough states (38 would have been necessary)

51. 1973

52. 1981 Despite the hate mail and the controversy, Sandra Day O Connor became the first woman supreme court judge

53. 1983

54. 1984 first woman to run for vice president on a major party ticket (Democratic party)

55. 1987 First women inducted into the Rock n roll hall of fame

56. 1994: the Violence againts women act tightens federal penalties, funds services for victims of rape and domestic violence

57. 2007 Nancy Pelosi becomes the first woman speaker of the US House of Representatives

58. 2012 Janet Wolfenbarger : first woman to become a four star general, in the US Air Force