1. Corruption in our world Professor Adam Graycar School of Social and Policy Studies 23 February 2016

4. Corruption is estimated to cost 5% of global GDP (about $2.6 trillion)
(World Economic Forum)
$1 trillion per year is paid in in bribes
$40 billion per year skimmed/ looted
(World Bank estimate)

5. Corruption Reduces tax revenue Distorts services
Inefficient public administration
Weakens judicial integrity and the rule of law
Diminishes quality of life/ human development
Hampers economic performance/ growth
Discourages investment
Distorts natural resource development
Damages the environment

7. Unauthorised trading of entrusted authority
Doing wrong things
Failing to do something one should do
Doing something permissible, but purposely doing it in an improper manner
Breach of trust
Unauthorised trading of entrusted authority

8. Corrupt Organisations Corrupt Societies
Corrupt Individuals
Corrupt Organisations
Corrupt Societies
Corrupt events
Different controls

9. Making the law Implementing the law Corrupt activity in
___________________________________
Corruption sometimes affects public policy
Corruption sometimes shapes public policy

10. Corruption perception Index Corruption perception Index
2015
Rank
Score 1
Denmark 91 2
Finland 90 3
Sweden 89 4
New Zealand 88 5
Netherlands 87
Norway 7
Switzerland 86 8
Singapore 85 9
Canada 83 10
Germany 81 UK
Luxembourg 13
Australia 79
Iceland
Corruption perception Index
2012
Rank
Score 1
Denmark 90
Finland
New Zealand 4
Sweden 88 5
Singapore 87 6
Switzerland 86 7
Australia 85
Norway 9
Canada 84
Netherlands 11
Iceland 82 12
Luxembourg 80 13
Germany 79

11. Victimless?

12. Sport Local government Political donations
3 major risk areas in Australia
Sport
Local government
Political donations

13. Responses & Controls
Criminalisation, investigation, prosecution, sanctions
Anti-corruption agencies
Structural reform
Education, integrity building mobilisation of the public
Situational countermeasures

14. Architecture of control
International mechanisms
Local mechanisms
UN Convention Against Corruption
OECD Convention on Foreign Bribery
US FCPA
UK Bribery Act
World Bank measures
etc
Guidance
Management
Control

15. “averting their gaze”
(Julia Gillard)
“The standard you walk past is the standard you accept”
(David Morrison)

16. Questions?