1. Introduction to SkyPilot Networks November 2005

2. SkyPilot Network Architecture
Internet
SkyConnector
SkyConnectors
SkyConnector
SkyConnector
SkyGateway
SkyGateway
SkyConnector
SkyExtender
SkyExtender DualBand
SkyExtender DualBand
SkyConnector
SkyExtender
SkyConnectors
SkyExtender DualBand
Public Safety
Mobile VoIP
2.4 GHz Wireless Connection
5 GHz Wireless Connection
Hardwire Connection (Ethernet)
Mobile User
SkyExtender DualBand
Carrier-Class Broadband Wireless

3. SkyPilot System Components
SkyGateway™
SkyExtender™ DualBand (new)
SkyExtender
SkyConnector™
Product class
Base station
Mesh backhaul + AP
Mesh backhaul + CPE
CPE
Functionality
Internet-to-wireless mesh gateway; long range; redundancy; scalability
Extends mesh with long range 5 GHz links; separate subscriber radio (2.4 GHz)
Extends mesh with long range 5 GHz links; integrates CPE connectivity
Low-cost CPE connects to 5 GHz mesh network
Subscriber access
Wi-Fi
Ethernet
US list price
$3,499
$1,799
$1,199
$399
Carrier-Class Broadband Wireless

4. Technology Differentiation
SkyPilot’s Synchronous Mesh Protocol
Superior RF Management
Synchronous Bandwidth Scheduling
Deterministic QoS Performance
Self-Interference Mitigation
Efficient Spectral Reuse
Efficient Spatial Segmentation
Sophisticated Mesh Networking
Automatic Node Discovery
Automatic Topology Configuration
Optimized Best-Path Routing
Dynamic Rerouting
Scalable Capacity and Load Balancing
Failover Routing
SkyPilot’s Advanced Antenna Array
High-Gain, High-Power,
Sectorized Antennas
Long Range Coverage, High Modulation
Multi-Antenna Array
360° Coverage
Benefits of
Point-to-Multipoint
Benefits of
Mesh Networking
Carrier-Class Broadband Wireless

5. Advanced Antenna Array
Patent-Pending Antenna Array
8 sectorized antennas, each a 45° beam (360° total coverage)
“Big ears” – 18 dBi / antenna
Benefits from Sectorization
Special exemption from FCC point-to-multipoint regulations
“Loud mouth” – focused directional bursts up to 44.5 dBm / 28.2 W EIRP (instead of 36 dBm / 4 W EIRP FCC pt-mpt limitation)
Provides high-gain, improved penetration, and greater reach (up to 10 miles / 16 km between nodes)
NLOS via OFDM’s intrinsic multipath capabilities
Rapid retransmission scheme
Dynamic bandwidth management
Continuous optimization of modulation rate = Robust communications links and expands system capacity
Carrier-Class Broadband Wireless

6. Synchronous Mesh Protocol
Synchronous Bandwidth Allocation Protocol
GPS chips provide common clock for synchronization
Deterministic WiMAX-like Time-Division Duplex protocol
Transmissions Coordinated across Entire Network
Interference Mitigation
Spectral Reuse – increases capacity
Traffic Prioritization – enables low-latency applications like VoIP
Optimized Mesh Routing Protocol
Auto-Discovery, Self-Provisioning, Self-Configuring, Self-Optimizing
Best-Path Routing Algorithm – maximizes network capacity
Fault Tolerance with Self-Healing Failover
Load Balancing and Traffic Segmentation
Rapid retransmission scheme
Dynamic bandwidth management
Continuous optimization of modulation rate = Robust communications links and expands system capacity
Carrier-Class Broadband Wireless

7. Mesh Network Configuration
Active link
Standby link
SkyGateway
SkyExtender 18
SkyConnector 18 36 18 24 36
Long range and high modulation due to sectorized links
Automatic node discovery
Optimized routes based on modulation and hops to gateway
Alternate routes available in case of changes in link capacity or failures 36 9 18 36 36 9
Internet 36
Carrier-Class Broadband Wireless

8. Transmission Coordination
Active link
Standby link
Transmission time slot 1
Transmission time slot 2
SkyGateway 10
Transmission time slot 3
SkyExtender 3
Transmission time slot 4 11
SkyConnector F H 9 10 11 B 9 10 11 B 12 4 A 3 4 A 3 9 1 2 4 E 13 12 13 B 14 12 13
When omnidirectional nodes talk, all other nodes in range must stop transmitting and listen B 14 8
Sectorized antennas allow simultaneous communications
SkyPilot’s synchronized protocol coordinates efficient transmissions
Coordinated transmissions mitigates self-interference
Omnidirectional mesh systems can’t do this A G1 H 1 2 G1 H 1 2 B 14 D G1 E F 8 G1 D E 5 15 7 16 D B 15 16 17 B 18 15 16
Internet 17 G1 6 A B C 5 A B C 5 C 7 6 G1 7 6 G1 18
Carrier-Class Broadband Wireless

9. Optimized, Dynamic Rerouting
Active link
Standby link
SkyGateway
SkyExtender 18
SkyConnector F H 18 36 18 24 36 E
Links monitored constantly to optimize capacity and throughput
Changes in link capacity or status handled by re- optimizing routes 36 A 9 B 18
Modulation drops from 36 to 9Mbps, causing rerouting 9 36 9 D
Internet 36 G1 C
Carrier-Class Broadband Wireless

10. Adding Capacity & RedundancyJ
Active link 24
Standby link I
SkyGateway 18 G2
SkyExtender 12 36 18 18
SkyConnector F H 18 24 36 K 18 24 36 E
Adding gateways immediately adds network capacity and redundancy
Each gateway provides up to 20 Mbps
Multiple gateways can be used to scale the network 36 A 9 B 18 36 36 9 D
Internet 36 G1 C
Carrier-Class Broadband Wireless

11. Failover CapabilitiesJ
Active link 24
Standby link I
SkyGateway 18 G2
SkyExtender 12 36 18 18
SkyConnector F H 18 24 36 K 18 24 36 E
In case of gateway failure, the network dynamically reroutes
Self-healing maximizes network uptime 36 A 9 B 18 9 D
Internet G1 C
Carrier-Class Broadband Wireless

12. Carrier-Class Broadband Wireless
Thank You
Carrier-Class Broadband Wireless