1. Pathway of Blood Through Heart

2. Supplies:
White paper
Pencil or pencil
3 markers (blue, red, green)

3. The heart is a double pump.
Right Heart Pump
Left Heart Pump

4. The heart is a double pump.
Size of a closed fist and is located in the mediastinal cavity, between the lungs, behind the sternum, & above the diaphragm.

5. The transportation system of the body is made up of the heart, blood vessels, & blood.
The heart transports oxygen to the body, & carbon dioxide away from the body.

6. The right heart pumps (deoxygenated) blood.
Deoxygenated blood is darker red (NOT BLUE)
Right Heart Pump
Remind students that the pulmonary vessels are the exception to the “vein/artery” rule. Since the pulmonary vessel that comes off the right heart carries deoxygenated blood “away from” the heart it is called an artery. Likewise, the pulmonary vessels leaving the lungs are referred to as pulmonary veins since they carry oxygenated blood “to” the heart.

7. Question
Let's take a moment to think about this and then we will discuss with our table partners.
Why do you think blood is dark red as it circulates through the body?

8. Answer: The oxygen in the blood is replaced with carbon dioxide.

9. The left heart pumps (oxygenated) blood.
Oxygenated blood is bright red
The blood travels towards the heart from the lungs.
Left Heart Pump

10. Why is blood that flows from the lungs to the heart bright red rather than dark red?

11. Oxygen makes it red.

12. Drawing the right heart.

13. Step 1: Draw outline of heart.
Rt. side
Lf. side
Leave opening at the base of the heart for great vessels. Remind students that they are viewing the heart from an “anatomical” position, which is why the right heart will be on their left, etc.
apex

14. Write in your notes
Apex is the lowest superficial part of the heart. (Superficial: existing at the outermost layer)

15. Step 2: Draw myocardium & septum. Identify chambers.
Rt. side
Lf. side LA RA
Blue = deoxygenated blood
Red = oxygenated blood LV RV
myocardium
apex
septum

16. Write in your notes Myocardium: the thickest muscular layer.
Septum: a wall that prevents blood from moving between the right side & left side of the heart.

17. write in your notes
The heart has a four part chamber:
RA: (Right Atrium) receives deoxygenated blood returning from the body.
LA: (Left Atrium) receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.

18. RV: (Right Ventricle) receives blood from the Right Atrium & pumps the blood into the pulmonary artery, which carries the blood to the lungs for oxygen.
LV: (Left Ventricle) receives blood from the Left Atrium & pumps the blood into the aorta for transport back into the body.

19. Step 3: Draw both superior & inferior vena cavae
Rt. side
Lf. side
superior vena cava LA RA LV RV
inferior vena cava
apex
septum

20. write in your notes
Superior Vena Cava: Vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body to the heart’s Right Atrium.
Inferior Vena Cava: Vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body to the heart's Right Atrium.

21. Step 4: Draw tricuspid valve.
Rt. side
Lf. side
superior vena cava LA RA
tricuspid valve LV RV
inferior vena cava
apex
septum

22. write in your notes What do valves do?
valves keep the blood from flowing backwards
Tricuspid valve is located between the Right Atrium & Right Ventricle.

23. Step 5: Draw pulmonary artery.
Rt. side
Lf. side
pulmonary artery
superior vena cava LA RA
tricuspid valve
Students will note that the pulmonary trunk bifurcates so that it can transport blood to each lung.
inferior vena cava LV RV
apex
septum

24. write in your notes
The pulmonary artery carries blood from the heart to the lungs, to drop off carbon dioxide & pick up oxygen.
There are two Pulmonary Arteries: Right & Left
The Left pulmonary artery goes to the Left lung & the Right Pulmonary artery goes to the Right lung.

25. Question
Which type of blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

26. arteries

27. Step 6: Draw pulmonary valve.
Lf. side
Rt. side
pulmonary artery
superior vena cava LA RA
pulmonary valve
tricuspid valve
inferior vena cava LV RV
apex
septum

28. Write in your notes
Pulmonary valve is between the Right Ventricle & the pulmonary artery.
It is a blood vessel that carries blood to the lungs.
Closes when the Right Ventricle has finished contracting to prevent blood from flowing back into it.

29. Step 7: Outline great vessels & chambers with blue marker.
Rt. side
Lf. side
pulmonary artery
superior vena cava LA RA
pulmonary valve
tricuspid valve LV
inferior vena cava RV
apex
septum

30. Step 8: Outline valves in green. Color septum & myocardium in pink.
Rt. side
Lf. side
superior vena cava
pulmonary artery LA
tricuspid valve RA
pulmonary valve
inferior vena cava LV RV
apex
septum

31. Step 9: Indicate pathway of blood through right heart with arrows.
Rt. side
Lf. side
superior vena cava
pulmonary artery LA
tricuspid valve RA
pulmonary valve
After exiting the right ventricle, blood is transported via the pulmonary artery to the right and left lungs for gas exchange.
inferior vena cava LV RV
apex
septum

32. Drawing the left heart.
Left heart

33. Questions
Think about this question for a moment then we will discuss with our table partner:
How many gallons does your heart pump in one minute?

34. your heart will pump one to seven gallons a minute
Answer:
your heart will pump one to seven gallons a minute

35. Step 1: Draw outline of heart.
Rt. side
Lf. side
apex

36. Step 2: Draw the myocardium and septum
Rt. side
Lf. side LA RA LV RV
myocardium
apex
septum

37. Step 3: Draw mitral valve.
Rt. side
Lf. side LA RA
mitral valve LV RV
myocardium
apex
septum

38. Write in your notes
Mitral valve: located between the Left Atrium & Left Ventricle.
When the Left Ventricle is contracting, the mitral valve closes which allows the blood in the Left Atrium to flow into the aorta & back into the body.

39. Step 4: Draw aorta. Rt. side Lf. side aorta mitral valve myocardiumLA RA
mitral valve LV
myocardium RV
septum
apex

40. write in your notes
Aorta: the main & largest artery of the circulatory system. Carries the blood out of the heart from the Left Ventricle.

41. Step 5: Draw aortic valve.
Rt. side
Lf. side
aorta LA RA
mitral valve
aortic valve LV
myocardium RV
septum
apex

42. Write in your notes
Aortic valve is located between the Left Ventricle & aorta.
Closes when the Left Ventricle is finished contracting, allowing blood to flow into the aorta & preventing blood from flowing back into the Left Ventricle.

43. left ventricle into the aorta?
Think about this for a moment and then we will discuss with our table partners:
Why must the heart contract very strongly to pump blood from the
left ventricle into the aorta?

44. Answer:
The left side of the heart contracts the strongest to send blood out the
left ventricle and through the aorta on its way to all parts of the body.

45. Step 6: Draw pulmonary veins.
Rt. side
Lf. side
aorta
pulmonary veins
pulmonary veins LA RA
mitral valve
aortic valve
myocardium LV RV
septum
apex

46. Write in your notes
Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the Left atrium of the heart.

47. Step 7: Outline great vessels & chambers with red marker.
Rt. side
Lf. side
aorta
pulmonary veins
pulmonary veins LA
mitral valve RA
aortic valve
myocardium LV RV
septum
apex

48. Step 7: Outline valves in green. Color septum & myocardium in pink.
Lf. side
Rt. side
aorta
pulmonary veins
pulmonary veins LA
mitral valve RA
aortic valve LV
myocardium RV
septum
apex

49. Step 7: Indicate pathway of blood through left heart with arrows.
Lf. side
Rt. side
aorta
pulmonary veins
pulmonary veins LA
mitral valve RA
aortic valve
myocardium LV RV
septum
apex

50. Final Step: Draw entire heart.
Venous blood travels back to the heart via the vena cavae. Blood from the lower body enters the heart by way of the inferior vena cava and blood from the head and upper body empty by way of the superior vena cava. Both vena cavae drain into the right atrium. Blood exits the right atrium through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. The right ventricle pumps the blood through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery. The pulmonary artery bifurcates, one going to the lobes of the right lung and the other to the left lung. While in the lungs, a gas exchange takes places. After the CO2/Oxygen exchange, newly oxygenated blood travels back to the heart via pulmonary veins. The pulmonary veins empty into the left atrium. Blood exits the left atrium through the mitral valve into the left ventricle. The left ventricle pumps blood through the aortic valve into the aorta where the blood is transported to all parts of the body. After the blood releases oxygen and nutrients to body tissues, it travels back to the heart and begins it’s journey again.

51. How much does the heart weigh?

52. On average a man's heart weighs 10 ounces & a woman's heart weighs 8 ounces