2. Lesson 10.1
Beef Industry

3. Lesson Outcomes Understand the size and the scope of the beef industry
Understand common terminology of the beef industry
Identify major cuts of beef
American Hereford Association

4. Lesson Outcomes Describe the components of the beef industry
Understand commonly used production systems in the beef industry
Describe different breeds of beef cattle in the United States
American Hereford Association

5. Beef Industry in the United States
According to the USDA
The beef cattle industry generates $44 billion in economic impact
There are approximately 87.7 million head of cattle in our country
Santa Gertrudis Breeders International, Kingsville, Texas

6. Beef Industry in the United States
US Beef Exports
In 2014, the US beef industry exported 5.6 billion pounds of beef
In 2013, the average person spent $ on beef in the United States
El Nariz/Shutterstock.com

7. Common Beef Cattle Terms
Calf—term to describe young
Bull—young and mature male
Steer—castrated male
Heifer—young female
Cow—mature female
Calving—the act of giving birth in cattle

8. Top States in Beef Cattle Production
Ask students if there are certain climates or topography that make an area better suited for raising beef cattle.
Gather and share the most recent statistics on the number of cattle raised in each state.
Mirec/Shutterstock.com

9. Production Cycle Mating with bull or through A.I.
Gestation 279–290 days
Cow
Calving
Birth
Suckling for up to 6 months
Distribution
Weaning
Further processing
Seedstock
Finishing begins
By-products to rendering plant
Processing and packaging
Harvest at 16–30 months
Distribution

10. Cow-Calf Operations Most beef cattle are born on cow-calf operations
Cows are bred each year to produce calves for market
Red Angus Association

11. Stocker Operations Calves are brought here after weaning
Cattle are allowed to graze until 12–18 months
Taken to a feedlot for 4–6 months
sw_photo/Shutterstock.com

12. Feedlot Operations
Large numbers of cattle are grouped based on size, genetics, and consistency
They are fed high-grain diets with roughage (hay) to increase fat deposition, which increase the quality of beef
Santa Gertrudis Breeders International, Kingsville, Texas

13. Seedstock Operations
Raise cattle that are typically registered with a breed association
May be referred to as purebred breeders

14. Associations
Each breed has an association for the producers that raise that breed
The National Cattleman’s Beef Association (NCBA) is an organization that promotes the beef industry in the United States
Braham
V8 Ranch, Wharton, TX; American Braham Breeders Association

15. Commercial Operations
Cattle are typically crossbred (composed of two or more breeds)
The goal of commercial operations is to produce cattle to sell to stocker operations and feedlots to produce beef
Maria Jeffs/Shutterstock.com

16. Anatomy of Beef Cattle Beef cattle are ruminants
Their stomach is divided into four compartments
TAMU Livestock Judgling

17. Anatomy of Beef Cattle
TAMU Livestock Judgling

18. Herd Behavior Cattle stay together in groups called herds
Each animal will imitate the behavior of the other animals in the herd
The social structure of the herd changes each time the herd changes
American Hereford Association

19. Maintaining Herd Health
Establish a herd health program
Have good relationship with a veterinarian
Purchase replacement cattle from reputable breeders
Elgin Veterinary Hospital, Bovine Division, Elgin, Texas

20. Maintaining Herd Health
Observe new animals for possible disease and parasites
Maintain clear, complete, and accurate records
Monitor cows and heifers during calving to minimize loss
DavidYoung/Shutterstock.com

21. Handling Cattle Cattle should be selected for their intended use
Maintain human contact with the herd to make it easier to handle the cattle
Break young calves to lead at an early age if they are going to be exhibited
Margo Harrison/Shutterstock.com

22. Handling Cattle
Maintain correct ratios of bulls to cows for breeding purposes
Provide access to clean water and shelter during harsh conditions
Use safe actions when working around cattle
symbiot/Shutterstock.com

23. Cuts of Beef
TAMU Livestock Judging

24. Breeds of Beef Cattle Bos Taurus Bos Indicus
Describes the breeds that originated in Europe
Bos Indicus
Describes the breed that originated from more tropical countries

25. Bos Taurus
Angus
American Angus Association

26. Bos Taurus
Charolais
Thomas Ranch, Harrold, South Dakota

27. Bos Taurus
Chianina
American Chianina Association

28. Bos Taurus
Gelbvieh
Photos provided by the American Gelbvieh Association

29. Bos Taurus Hereford/Polled Hereford
Provided by American Hereford Association

30. Bos Taurus
Limousin
North American Limousin Foundation

31. Bos Taurus
Maine Anjou
BOSS Beauty 84M (top); DMCC Limited Edition (bottom)

32. Bos Taurus
Red Angus
Red Angus Association of America

33. Bos Taurus
Shorthorn
V8 Ranch, Wharton, TX

34. Bos Taurus
Simmental
Photos courtesy of the American Simmental Association,

35. Bos Taurus Texas Longhorn
Courtesy of the Texas Longhorn Breeders Association of America and Star Creek Ranch

36. Bos Indicus
Beefmaster
Emmons Ranch Beefmasters

37. Bos Indicus
Braford
Courtesy of the United Braford Breeders, Inc

38. Bos Indicus
Brangus
Red Brangus
Diamond K Ranch, Hempstead, TX

39. Bos Indicus
Braham
V8 Ranch, Wharton, TX; American Braham Breeders Association

40. Bos Indicus
Simbrah
La Muneca Ranch, Linn, TX

41. Bos Indicus Santa Gertrudis
Santa Gertrudis Breeders International, Kingsville, Texas