1. Chapter 3: SYSTEM SOFTWARE
UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA
Chapter 3: SYSTEM SOFTWARE

2. Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Learning Objectives
Explain methods of OS and utility program functions
Use appropriate commands in OS and utility program
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

3. Objectives Overview
Define system software and identify the two types of system software
Describe the functions of an operating system
Summarize the startup process on a personal computer
Summarize the features of several stand-alone operating systems
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

4. Objectives Overview
Briefly describe various server operating systems
Summarize the features of several embedded operating systems
Explain the purpose of several utility programs
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

5. Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
System Software
System software consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices
Operating systems
Utility Programs
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

6. Operating Systems
An operating system (OS) is a set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer and mobile device hardware
Start and shut down a computer or mobile device
Provide a user interface
Manage programs
Manage memory
Coordinate tasks
Configure devices
Establish an Internet connection
Monitor performance
Provide file management and other device or media-related tasks
Updating operating system software
Control a network
Administer security
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

7. Operating Systems Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

8. Operating System Functions
The process of starting or restarting a computer is called booting
Cold boot
Turning on a computer that has been powered off completely
Warm boot
Using the operating system to restart a computer
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

9. Operating System Functions
An operating system includes various power options
Sleep mode saves any open documents running programs or apps to memory, turns off all unneeded functions, and then places the computer in a low-power state
Hibernate saves any open documents and running programs or apps to an internal hard drive before removing power from the computer or device
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

10. Operating System Functions
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

11. Operating System Functions
A user interface controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen
With a graphical user interface (GUI), you interact with menus and visual images
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

12. Operating System Functions
In a command-line interface, a user types commands represented by short keywords or abbreviations or presses special keys on the keyboard to enter data and instructions
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

13. Operating System Functions
How an operating system handles programs directly affects your productivity
Single user and multiuser
Single tasking and multitasking
Foreground and background
Preemptive multitasking
Multiprocessing
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

14. Operating System Functions
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

15. Operating System Functions
Memory management optimizes the use of the computer or device’s internal memory
Virtual memory is a portion of a storage medium functioning as additional RAM
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

16. Operating System Functions
The operating system determines the order in which tasks are processed
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

17. Operating System Functions
A driver is a small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a specific device
Plug and Play automatically configures new devices as you install them
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

18. Operating System Functions
Operating systems typically provide a means to establish Internet connections
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

19. Operating System Functions
A performance monitor is a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

20. Operating System Functions
Operating systems often provide users with a variety of tools related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs
File Manager
Search
Image Viewer
Uninstaller
Disk Cleanup
Disk Defragmenter
Screen Saver
File Compression
PC Maintenance
Backup and Restore
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

21. Operating System Functions
Automatic update automatically provides new features or corrections to the program
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

22. Operating System Functions
Some operating systems are designed to work with a server on a network
These multiuser operating systems allow multiple users to share a printer, Internet access, files, and programs
A network administrator uses the server operating system to:
Add and remove users, computers, and other devices
Configure the network, install software and administer network security
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

23. Operating System Functions
A user account enables a use to sign in to, or access resources on, a network or computer
A user name, or user ID, identifies a specific user
A password is a private combination of characters associated with the user name
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

24. Types of Operating Systems
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

25. Desktop Operating Systems
A desktop operating system is a complete operating system that works on desktops, laptops, and some tablets
Windows
Mac OS
UNIX
Linux
Chrome OS
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

26. Desktop Operating Systems
Windows 8 offers these features:
Start screen interface with tiles
Includes the desktop interface
Support for input via touch, mouse, and keyboard
app, calendar app, and browser included
Photos, files, and settings you can sync with SkyDrive
Enhanced security through an antivirus program, firewall, and automatic updates
Windows Store offers additional applications for purchase
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

27. Desktop Operating Systems
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

28. Desktop Operating Systems
The Macintosh operating system has earned a reputation for its ease of use
Latest version is OS X
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

29. Desktop Operating Systems
UNIX is a multitasking operating system developed in the early 1970s
Linux is a popular, multitasking UNIX-based operating system
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

30. Desktop Operating Systems
Chrome OS is a Linux-based operating system designed to work primarily with web apps
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

31. Server Operating Systems
Windows Server
OS X Server
UNIX
Linux
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

32. Mobile Operating Systems
The operating system on mobile devices and many consumer electronics is called a mobile operating system and resides on firmware
Android
iOS
Windows Phone
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

33. Mobile Operating Systems
Android is an open source, Linux-based mobile operating system designed by Google for smartphones and tablets
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

34. Mobile Operating Systems
iOS, developed by Apple, is a proprietary mobile operating system specifically made for Apple’s mobile devices
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

35. Mobile Operating Systems
Windows Phone, developed by Microsoft, is a proprietary mobile operating system that runs on some smartphones
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

36. Embedded Operating Systems
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 9

37. Utility Programs
A utility program is a type of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4

38. File and Disk Management Tools
A file manager is a tool that performs functions related to file management
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4

39. File and Disk Management Tools
A search tool is a program, usually included with an operating system, that attempts to locate a file on your computer or mobile device based on criteria you specify
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4

40. File and Disk Management Tools
An image viewer is a tool that allows users to display, copy, and print the contents of a graphics file, such as a photo
An uninstaller is a tool that removes a program, as well as any associated entries in the system files
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4

41. File and Disk Management Tools
A disk cleanup tool searches for and removes unnecessary files
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4

42. File and Disk Management Tools
A disk defragmenter is a tool that reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster
Defragmenting
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4

43. File and Disk Management Tools
A screen saver is a tool that causes a display device’s screen to show a moving image or blank screen if no keyboard or mouse activity occurs for a specified time
A file compression tool shrinks the size of a file(s)
A PC maintenance tool is a program that identifies and fixes operating system problems, detects and repairs disk problems, and includes the capability of improving a computer’s performance
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4

44. File and Disk Management Tools
A backup tool allows users to copy, or back up, selected files or the contents of an entire storage medium to another storage location
A restore utility reverses the process and returns backed up files to their original form
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4

45. Security Tools
A personal firewall is a security tool that detects and protects a personal computer and its data from unauthorized intrusions
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4

46. Security Tools
An antivirus program protects a computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer viruses found in memory, on storage media, or on incoming files
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4

47. Security Tools
A virus describes a potentially damaging computer program that affects a computer negatively
A worm copies itself repeatedly in memory or over a network
A Trojan horse hides within or looks like a legitimate program
An antivirus program protects a computer against viruses

48. Security Tools

49. Security Tools
Spyware is a program placed on a computer or mobile device without the user’s knowledge that secretly collects information about the user and then communicates the information it collects to some outside source while the user is online
Adware is a program that displays an online advertisement in a banner or pop-up window on webpages, messages, or other Internet services
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4

50. Security Tools Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4
A spyware remover is a program that detects and deletes spyware and similar programs
An adware remover is a program that detects and deletes adware
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4

51. Security Tools Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4
Internet filters
Anti-spam programs
Web filters
Phishing filters
Pop-up blockers
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4
Discovering Computers 2014: Chapter 4

52. Summary Definition of system software
Functions common to most operating systems
Variety of stand-alone operating systems, server operating systems, and embedded operating systems
Several utility programs