1. EAG 345 – GEOTECHNICAL ANALYSIS By: Dr Mohd Ashraf Mohamad Ismail

2. Basic description of the course:
3 units
60 % examination; 40 % course work
40 % course work
- Test (10%)
- Assignment (20%)
- Quiz (10%)

3. Outdoor Class for Site Investigation:
Piezocone
Makintosh Probe
Seismic Refraction
Electrical Resistivity
Wash Boring and soil sampling

4. Objective of the course:
To ensure the students are able to explain the soil mechanics aspect in solving problems related to:
Shear strength of soil
Site investigation
Slope stability
Passive and active earth pressure
Retaining wall
Shallow and deep foundation

5. Course outcome:
Able to explain the theories related to the geotechnical analysis
Able to analyze, calculate and solve problem in geotechnical analysis
Able to relate and discuss the theories related to the geotechnical analysis.

6. Attendance: Time table:
Less than 20% will be barred from taking final examination.
Need to pass both of the course components (i) coursework and (ii) examination
Time table:
Monday: 9.00 – am (DK5)
Wednesday: 9.00 – am (DK8)
16 and 23 September classes cancelled and replaced to 17/9 (Tuesday): 8.30 – pm (BK1)

7. Rules and regulations in class:
Come to class on time.
Attend to personal needs before coming to class.
Do not eat in class unless you have been given special permission (can drink! No problem).
Bring required materials every day unless you are otherwise directed.
Talk only when permitted or necessary.
Use polite words and body language when asking questions.
Do not cheat during quiz, assignment, test and examination.

8. Reference:
Budhu, M. (2010). Soil Mechanics and Foundations (3 ed.): Wiley.
Das, B. M. (2010). Fundamentals of Geotechnical Engineering (3 ed.): CL-Engineering.
Das, B. M. (2009). Principles of Geotechnical Engineering (7 ed.): CL-Engineering.
Craig, R. F. (2004). Craig's Soil Mechanics (7 ed.): Spon Press.
Mitchell, J. K., and Soga, K. (2005). Fundamentals of Soil Behavior (3 ed.): Wiley.
Terzaghi, K., Peck, R. B., and Mesri, G. (1996). Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice (3 ed.): Wiley-Interscience.
Duncan, J. M., and Wright, S. G. (2005). Soil Strength and Slope Stability (1 ed.): Wiley.
Das, B. M. (2010). Principles of Foundation Engineering (7 ed.): CL-Engineering.
Waltham, T. (2002). Foundations of Engineering Geology (2 ed.): Spon Press.
Dunnicliff, J. (2008). Geotechnical Instrumentation for Monitoring Field Performance (1 ed.): Wiley-Interscience.
Holtz, R. D., and Kovacs, W. D. (2010). An Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering (2 ed.): Prentice Hall.

9. Teaching plan : Dr Mohd Ashraf Mohamad Ismail (P) – 6 weeks
Prof. Dr. Nor Azazi Zakaria – 4 weeks
Prof. Dr. Fauziah Ahmad (CM)– 4 weeks

10. (1) SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL
Week
Date
Sub topics
Lecturer 1
12/9 – 16/9
(1) SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL
Introduction to shear strength of soil; Typical response of soils to shearing force; Mohr-coulomb failure criterion and failure envelope, Mohr's circle; Determination of shear strength parameters of soils form field and laboratory tests.
MAI 2
19/9 – 23/9 3
26/9 – 30/9 4
3/10 – 7/10 5
10/10 – 14/10
(2) SITE INVESTIGATION (3) SHALLOW AND DEEP FOUNDATIONS SYSTEM
NAZ 6
17/10 – 21/10 7
24/10 – 28/10 8
31/10 – 4/11 9
5/11 – 13/11
Semester break (Aidiladha) 10
14/11 – 18/11
(4) SLOPE STABILITY
Types and causes of slope failure; infinite slopes; 2-D slope stability analysis; Slope factor of safety; 2 days seminar of slope stability analysis using GEO-Studio (Slope-W, Seep W and Sigma-W); Guest lecture from Slope Engineering Branch, JKR or PLUS 11
21/11 – 25/11 12
28/11 – 2/12
(5 ) PASSIVE AND ACTIVE PRESSURE; (6) RETAINING WALL
MRS 13
5/12 – 9/12 14
12/12 – 16/12 15
19/12 – 23/12 16
24/12-2/1
Study week 17
2/1 – 12/1
Exam week

11. Teaching plan : Dr Ashraf Prof. Azazi Prof. Fauziah Week Date Lecturer
Topics 1
09/09/13
Dr Ashraf
Soil shear strength 2
16/09/13 3
23/09/13 4
30/09/13 5
07/10/13
Prof. Azazi
Site investigation 6
14/10/13 7
21/10/13
Prof. Fauziah
Lateral earth pressure 8
28/10/13 9
02/11/13
Semester Break 10
11/11/13
Retaining wall and braced excavation 11
18/11/13 12
25/11/13
Slope stability 13
02/12/13 14
09/12/13
Shallow and deep foundation 15
16/12/13 16
Revision week
17-19
Examination
20-23

12. Quiz 1:
In a piece of paper give the definitions for the terminology as listed below:
Unit weight (Dry, saturated and bulk)
OCR – over consolidation ratio
Optimum water content (OMC)
Hydraulic conductivity
Consolidation
Compaction

13. Answer for Quiz 1:
Unit weight – the weight density (weight divided by volume)
OCR– highest stress experienced by the soil divided by the current stress experienced by the soil.
Optimum water content (OMC) – The water content attained by a soil at a maximum dry unit weight in a proctor compaction test
Hydraulic conductivity – the rate of flow of fluid through soils
Consolidation – reduction in the soil volume by expulsion of water under long term static loads
Compaction – reduction / densification / reduction in void ratio of a soil through the expulsion of air.

14. Assignment 1:
In a group of 4 or 5 ( 1 Malaysia) list down all the terms together with the definition (brief and straightforward) that you think important in the listed chapter below:
Origin of soil and grain size
Weight volume relationship
Plasticity and structure of soil
Classification of soil
Soil compaction
Permeability and seepage
In-situ stresses
Compressibility of soil (consolidation and etc.)
Due date: 2 October 2013 before 5.00 pm

15. Laboratory experiment: (EAA 305)
Proctor Test
Sieve analysis and Atterberg limit test
Permeability and field density test
EAA 305 briefing:
Date: 10 September 2011 (Tuesday)
Time: 2.00 pm (Don't Late)
Venue: BK1 PPKA
Attendance: Compulsory (will be deduct 5 marks from first laboratory test for those who are not coming without any acceptable reason)

16. SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOILS

17. Objectives: You will learn:
How to determine the shear strength of soils
Understands the differences between drained and undrained shear strength
Determine the type of shear test that best simulates field conditions
How to interpret laboratory and field test results to obtain shear strength parameters.
Important of Shear Strength for geotechnical engineering application

18. (i) Shear failure of soils

19. Would you like this to happen?
The failure occurs because the shear strength of the soil is exceeded.
We need to determine the soil’s shear strength and design the slope so that the shear stress imposed is not greater than the shear strength of the soil.

20. Strength of different materials
Soil
Shear strength
Presence of pore water
Complex
behavior
Steel
Tensile strength
Concrete
Compressive strength

21. Strength of different construction materials
Example of material involved in the construction of suspension bridge:
Steel = suspension cable
Concrete = road deck
Soil/Rock = foundation
Load
Load
Steel
Concrete
Soil/Rock
Load

22. Unfortunately soil is not man made such as concrete or steel.
Strength of soil
Virtually all the Civil Engineering projects come into contact with soil either on soil, in soil or made off soil.
For example:
Foundation
Slope
Tunnel
Slope
Foundation
Tunnel
Unfortunately soil is not man made such as concrete or steel.
Its undergone natural processes which make it a complex and heterogeneous materials which feature a wide range of mechanical/hydraulic behaviors

23. Shear failure of soils Soils generally fail in shear
Strip footing
Embankment
Failure surface
Mobilized shear resistance
At failure, shear stress along the failure surface (mobilized shear resistance) reaches the shear strength.

24. Shear failure of soils - Embankment
Embankment Failure

25. Shear failure of soils
Soils generally fail in shear
Retaining wall

26. Shear failure of soils Soils generally fail in shear
Failure surface
Mobilized shear resistance
Retaining wall
At failure, shear stress along the failure surface (mobilized shear resistance) reaches the shear strength.

27. Shear failure of soils – Retaining wall

28. Shear failure mechanism
failure surface
The soil grains slide over each other along the failure surface.
No crushing of individual grains.

29. Shear failure mechanism 
At failure, shear stress along the failure surface () reaches the shear strength (f).