1. History of Public Health
Revised 22 september 2007 (
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET
Institutionen för folkhälsovetenskap
Avd för socialmedicin
Bo J A Haglund
professor

2. Introductionary remarks
What are the major health problems?
What are the causes of these problems?
What health promotion activities may reduce these problems?
How do we know whether we have been effective in solving these health problems?
We need to create credence and provide knowledge based information about what we know on the relationship of health and determinants and who can make something about it!

3. ”Public Health Movement” i England
from about 1840 to 1920
Edwin Chadwick:
”Report on The Sanitary Conditions of Labouring Population” (1842)
Life expectancy in England/London:
Social groups Number of year
Upper and middle class
Worker
The public health movement was born in Europe about Industrialism was developed with drastical changes for the populations of the european nations. Urbanisation without proper food and sanitary conditions evolved.
History of Public Health
”Public Health Act” (1848)

4. John Snows Death in Cholera in Sohodistrict, London, 1854
The classical pump with infected water was one of the first environmental examples of the old public health
History of Public Health

5. History of Public Health
In Sweden there has been three waves of pattern of diseases during the last 100 years. But in order to understand why the pattern has changed you have to analyse also the structural changes of the Swedish society as presented in next slide.
History of Public Health

6. History of Public Health
Around 1960 the Swedish society went in to the post industrial period.
History of Public Health

7. History of Public Health
Three waves of Public Health
Industrialism evolving
Goal: environment and individual
Measures: health policy reforms
Ekonomical growth
Goal: Individual and environment
Mesuresl: programes
Postindustrial society
Measure: Supportive environments for helath
Related to the societal changes also the public health initiatives has changed with goals and measures. During the first period of evolving industrialism the Old public health with its focus on environmental issues and policy reforms dominated. In the post-industrial society with its New public health movement again environment was focused, now as supportive environments for health.
History of Public Health

8. Public Health Movement (1840s-1920s)
The Rise of the new public health
Public Health Movement (1840s-1920s)
Health education
(1920s-1970s)
Health Promotion
(1940s-1990s)
New Public Health
(1980s-2000)
History of Public Health
after Bunton&Macdonald 1992
Health Promotion
Discipline and Diversity

9. History of Public Health
The old public health
1842 Edvin Chadwicks´s report on the sanitary conditions of the labouring population of England is published
1843 The Royal commision on the health of Towns is established
1848 Public Health Act for England and Wales requires local authorities to provide clean water supplies and hygienic sewage disposal systems, and the appointment of medical officers of health for towns
1854 John Snow controls cholera outbreak in London by remowinga contaminated local water supply.
1866 Sanitary Act- LA had to inspect their districts
1868 Housing Act – LA could ensure owners kept their properties in good repair
1871 Local Government Board (later Ministry of Health 1919) was established
1906 Education Act- established the provisison fo school dinners
1907 Eduction Act established the school medical service.
Naidoo and Wills has developed the discussion about the old and new public health.
History of Public Health

10. History of Public Health
The new public health
1974 Lalonde Report A new perspective on the health of Canadians identifies environment as cruisal for health
1985 WHO launches the Health fo All programme
1986 Ottawa Charter
1988 Adelaide conference
1991 Sundvall Conference
1992 The Association of public health a mulitdisciplinary organization to promote public heatlh policy, is creataed
1992 Rio Earth Summit and Agenda 21
1997 Jakarta
2001 Mexico
2005 Bangkok Charter
History of Public Health

11. History of Public Health
Well being & Health
Possibilities
Strenthening factors
Actors
Settings
Causes
In the new public health a new focus was presented on positive health factors and possibilities to create supportive environments for health
Public Health Problem
History of Public Health