1. Power Factor Correction The Definitive power solution

2. Presentation Content Introduction What is Power Factor?
What is Power Factor Correction and why install it?
Savings and benefits
SDC Products

3. Introduction
To obtain the best economic advantage from your electricity supply, both the generating plant and your own plant should be operated at high efficiency.
To maintain this level of efficiency, a high power factor throughout the system is essential.

4. The Basic Concepts
Most loads on an electrical distribution system can be categorised into three main types:
Resistive
Inductive
Capacitive
The most common type of load is inductive. For example, fluorescent lights, transformers and ac induction motors.

5. Power Factor
Power Factor is the measurement of how effectively your business uses the electricity supplied to your site
Ideal Power Factor is unity or 1, anything less than 1 means that extra power is required to achieve the necessary tasks.
The higher the power factor, the more effectively electrical power is being used and vice versa.
Low Power Factor is expensive and inefficient, with many utility companies charging extra, (reactive power charge), for sites with a poor power factor
Low Power Factor can also reduce the capacity of your electrical distribution system by increasing current flow and causing voltage drops.

6. Power Factor is the ratio of true power to apparent power
Power Factor = KW
KVA

7. Power Factor Correction (PFC)
Power Factor Correction is the term given to a technology to restore Power Factor to as close to unity as economically viable
This can be achieved by adding Power Factor Correction capacitors to the distribution system which provide or compensate for the Reactive Power demand of the inductive load, and thus reduce the burden on the supply
Capacitors work as reactive current generators “providing” needed reactive power (KVAr) into the power supply
By supplying their own source of reactive power, the industrial user frees the utility from having to supply it, and therefore the total amount of apparent power supplied by the utility will be less.
Power Factor Correction Capacitors reduce the total current drawn from the distribution system and subsequently increase the system’s capacity by raising the Power Factor level.

8. Benefits of PFC A reduction in electricity charges
Elimination of utility power factor penalties, which can increase electrical bills by up to 20%
Reduction in I²R losses of transformers and distribution equipment
Prolonging the life of equipment from reduced heat in cables, switchgear, transformers and alternators
Reduced voltage drop in cables, allowing the same cable to supply a larger motor and improving the starting of motors at the end of the long cable runs
Reduction in Carbon Emissions

9. Savings Examples PFC – The Sawmill SUPPLY : 11KV MAXIMUM DEMAND 5320KW
POWER FACTOR
0.8
ANNUAL CONSUMPTION
28,728,000KWH
REACTIVE HOURS
21,538,246 (this gives a power factor of 0.8)
IF YOU WANT TO OBTAIN A POWER FACTOR OF 0.98, REACTIVE HOURS MUST EQUAL
5,829,114
DIFFERENCE
21,538,246 – 5,829,114 = 15,709,132KVArh
PRICE
0.15p / Reactive Hour
PENALTY
£23,563.00
AMOUNT OF KVAR REQUIRED TO IMPROVE PF TO 0.98
3000kvar
PAYBACK
1 YEAR
CARBON SAVINGS (kg/annum)
283,200kg
A FURTHER SAVING WILL ALSO BE MADE ON CAPACITY CHARGES :
EXISTING CAPACITY
5320 ÷ 0.8 = 6650
NEW CAPACITY
5320 ÷ 0.98 = 5428
6650 – 5428 = 1222
£6.42/KVA/ANNUM = £7,845
TOTAL SAVING
£23, £7,845 = £31,408

10. PFC – The Engineering Works
SUPPLY :
415V
MAXIMUM DEMAND
750KW
POWER FACTOR
0.7
ANNUAL CONSUMPTION
2,512,000KWH
REACTIVE HOUR SAVING BY IMPROVING POWER FACTOR TO 0.98
2,009,600
PRICE PER REACTIVE HOUR
0.263
ANNUAL SAVING
£5,285
PRESENT CAPACITY
750 ÷ 0.7 = 1071KVA
NEW CAPACITY
750 ÷ 0.98 = 765KVA
DIFFERENCE
1071 – 765 = 306KVA
AT A COST OF
£4.89
TOTAL SAVING
4.89 X 306 = £ £5285 = £6785
CAPACITANCE REQUIRED
600kvar
PAYBACK
2 YEARS
CARBON SAVINGS (kg/annum)
56,640kg

11. PFC – The Office MAXIMUM DEMAND : 220KW POWER FACTOR 0.65
ANNUAL CONSUMPTION
980,000KWh
REACTIVE HOUR SAVING BY IMPROVING POWER FACTOR TO 0.98
931,361
PRICE PER REACTIVE HOUR
0.263p
ANNUAL SAVING
£2,450
PRESENT CAPACITY
220 ÷ 0.65 = 338KVA
NEW CAPACITY
220 ÷ 0.98 = 224KVA
DIFFERENCE
338 – 224 = 114KVA
AT A COST OF
4.89 x 114 = £560 PER ANNUM
TOTAL SAVING
= £3010
CAPACITANCE REQUIRED
200KVAr
PAYBACK
1.5 YEARS
CARBON SAVINGS (kg/annum)
18,880kgs

12. Carbon Emissions - Calculation
Savings on CO2 emissions
EXAMPLE : Based on typical operational hours of 300 per month (savings will obviously increase if your monthly usage is higher than average),
your CO2 savings will be as follows: Amount of hours in use x months per year x kw losses x CO2 for each kWh generated*
300 x 12 x W* x 0.44kg* = 94.4kg/CO2 per kvar per annum.
Multiply this amount by the amount of kvar on the unit supplied.
2 x 300KVAr x 94.4
*Constant as per DETR calculation.
TOTAL CO2 SAVINGS PER ANNUM = 56,640kg
Example of the Power Factor calculator which can be found on our website.

13. SDC Industries
SDC Industries have been producing a wide range of Power Factor Correction equipment since 1978 and can supply equipment for both low and high voltage systems.
It is the knowledge and experience of our Directors and in-house engineers that have led us to become industry leaders in this field.
Here at SDC Industries, we pride ourselves in all our products being made in Britain. Each piece of equipment is designed and manufactured in our premises in East Kilbride, Scotland, by fully qualified and highly experienced electrical engineers and electrical fitters.
SDC Industries offer a free-of-charge Power Factor Correction Survey, anywhere in the UK mainland.

14. PFC PRODUCTS
VARCAP II
A range of high integrity power capacitors designed to meet the needs of smaller electrical loads.
Self-healing, non-toxic capacitors suitable for use on a 415V, 3-Phase, 50Hz system, designed and tested to IEC &2, EN &2, VDE &47 International Standards.
VARPAC
High integrity power capacitors in metal enclosures, complete with a suitably rated circuit breaker, designed to meet the need of smaller electrical installations.
Self-healing, non-toxic capacitors suitable for use on a 415V, 3 phase, 50Hz system. Capacitors are designed and tested to IEC &2, EN &2, VDE &47, circuit breakers to IEC157, BS4752.

15. VARMATIC CLASSIC
High integrity power capacitors, in automatically controlled banks designed to meet the need of electrical systems with fluctuating loads.
Self-healing, non-toxic capacitors with switching stages from 10-65KVAr, and overall bank rating a maximum of 200KVAr at 415V, 3 phase 50 Hz.
VARMATIC SENATOR
High integrity power capacitors, in a prestige enclosure, featuring automatically controlled switching stages, designed to meet the need of the larger electrical system with a fluctuating load.
Self-healing, non-toxic capacitors with switching stages from 10-50KVAr, and overall bank rating a maximum of 900KVAr at 415V, 3 phase, 50Hz.

16. Kelvin Industrial Estate
18 Colvilles Place
Kelvin Industrial Estate
East Kilbride
United Kingdom
G75 0PZ
Tel: +44(0)
Web: