1. NS3310 – Physical Science Studies Waves: Light, Sound, and the Electromagnetic Spectrum

2. Rough Science
We are stranded on a desert island, but since we are scientists, we will need to study our surroundings.
The problem is, we don’t have our instruments.
You must make either a telescope or a microscope 

3. A Wave Is a Wiggle in Time
What is a wave?
What are the characteristics of a wave?
How is sound different from light?
What is the Electromagnetic Spectrum?
What are photons and electrons?
How can photons and electrons behave as both particles and waves?
How can the different wavelengths of the EMS be used to do work?
Why should we be concerned with short wavelength EM radiation?

4. Characteristics of a Wave
Vibrational Energy
Amplitude
Cycle
Period
Frequency
Hertz

5. Kinds of Waves
Longitudinal Waves
Transverse Waves

6. Wave Behavior Reflection Refraction Reverberation Interference
Resonance

7. Sound Source and Direction Loudness (amplitude) Pitch (frequency)
Doppler Effect

8. The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Gamma Rays
X-Rays
UV Light
Visible Light Spectrum
IR Light
Microwaves
Radio Waves

9. Light Reflection Refraction Dispersion Interference Polarization
Photoelectric Effect
Red Shift

10. Lasers and Holograms Lasers are resonant light
Holograms are made by lasers
Holographic TV?

11. Key Concepts A wave is a wiggle in time.
Important characteristics of a wave include wavelength, frequency, and amplitude.
Waves can be reflected, refracted, and polarized.
Waves can create interference and resonance.
Sound waves are vibrations traveling through matter.
Sound waves share many characteristics with EM waves, but sound cannot travel through a vacuum.

12. Key Concepts
The electromagnetic spectrum is the result of photons traveling at different wavelengths.
This energy is useful in many ways including the visible spectrum of light, microwaves, and radio waves.
Smaller wavelengths of the EMS can be dangerous since they can interfere with our cells and DNA.
Lenses and mirrors work by reflecting or refracting light.
Lasers are resonant light

13. NS3310 – Physical Science Studies
Quantum Zoo

14. The Structure of Matter
What’s Inside a Proton?
The Particle Zoo
Leptons
Quarks
Antimatter

15. Standard Model Up
Down
Charm
Strange
Bottom
Top

16. Forces
Strong Force
Weak Force
Electromagnetic Force
Gravity (?)

17. Particle or Wave? Particle-Wave duality of nature
Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle
Double-slit experiment
Probability waves

18. Higgs Particle (?)
Higg’s Ocean
Quantum Foam
Multiple dimensions

19. Unified Theories SuperSymmetry M Theory Loop Quantum Gravity
Cyclic Model

20. Time
The Arrow of Time (?)

21. Key Concepts
Quantum mechanics describes the behavior of subatomic particles
At the quantum level, mass and energy are the same
Behavior at the quantum level is “strange” but true
Once particles form atoms and molecules, however, they behave deterministically

22. NS3310 – Physical Science Studies
Electricity and Magnetism

23. More Rough Science It’s getting late and we need a flashlight 
Luckily, we have what we need from materials salvaged from the S.S. Minnow.

24. Key Questions What is electricity? What is magnetism?
What is electric charge?
What is electric potential?
What is electric current?
What is resistance?
What is magnetism?
What is induction?
How is induction used in generators and transformers?

25. Electric Charge Measuring Electric Charge Electric Potential (volts)
Coulomb’s Law
Electric Potential (volts)
Electric Current (amps)
Resistance (ohms)

26. Circuits
Simple Circuits
Parallel Circuits
Batteries

27. AC / DC
Direct Current
Alternating Current

28. Magnetism
Magnetic Poles
Magnetic Field
Induction

29. Power
Generators
Power (watts)
Transformers
Transmission

30. Key Concepts An electron generates an electric charge.
Electrons always flow from areas of high
concentration to areas of low concentration.
As electrons flow, their charge exerts a force
on their surroundings.
The potential energy of this force depends on the amount of charge available.
Electric current is the rate of flow of electrons.
By overcoming resistance, electrons can do work.
Electricity can be converted to other forms of energy.
A magnetic field is generated by the disproportionate distribution of electrons in a substance.
A magnet can be used to induce the flow of electrons.
Flowing electrons can be used to induce a magnetic field.
Generators and transformers are technologies that utilize the principle of induction.