1. OT 301 A & B OT 603 & 604 Foundations of Practice
Model of Human Occupation

2. Model of Human Occupation (MOHO)
Kielhofner, Burke, & Heard, 1980,2002, 2009

3. Interdisciplinary theoretical Base
Psychology
Anthropology
Sociology
Philosophy
Environmental psychology
Systems theories – general and dynamic

4. What is MOHO about?
“Individuals participation and adaptation in life occupations”
(Kielhofner, 2009, p. 149)

5. What does the model address?
The motivation for occupation – Reilly, 1960s – “occupation is a central aspect of the human experience” (Kielhofner & Burke, 1980, p. 573)
Patterns of occupation
Subjective elements of occupational performance
How the environment (context) influences occupation

6. Theoretical Concepts About Organization
Human beings and human behavior are composed of three subsystems:
Volition
Habituation
Performance capacity

7. Theoretical Concepts About Organization
Volition – all humans have a need and desire for action. Life experience shapes our thoughts and feelings.
Habituation – how actions are organized into patterns and routines
Performance capacity – the resource for occupational performance, our underlying mental and physical capacities

8. Volition
Personal causation – the thoughts and feelings about an individual’s effectiveness or efficacy about occupations. Will I be successful?
Interests – occupations chosen because an individual finds them interesting or pleasurable
Values – commitments and convictions guiding right and wrong, what is important

9. The volitional process is unique to each individual.

10. Habituation allows us to perform routine behavior efficiently.
Organizes occupational behavior into patterns and roles.
Habits are automatic. Our habits influence our daily and weekly routines
Roles - identity
Habituation allows us to perform
routine behavior efficiently.

11. Performance Capacity
Underlying physical and mental abilities – How does this relate to the “Framework” concepts?
Subjective experiences - how do people experience impairment?

12. Theoretical Concepts About Organization – the environment
The environment interacts with the person during occupational performance.
Environment includes objects, space, people and events influenced by cultural, political, and economic factors
Occupational forms (Nelson, 1988) – a “rule-bound” convention for doing provide information about motivation
Occupational settings – influence occupations

13. Occupational Performance
Occupational participation
Occupational forms
Skills: motor, process, communication

14. Theoretical Concepts About Organization
Over our lifetime, we create our occupational identity through competency and a process of ongoing adaptation.
Occupational identity – who you are and wish to be as an occupational being
Occupational competency – successfully engaging in occupations to reflect your identity

15. Theoretical Concepts About Problems
“Life happens” and our occupational narrative changes!
Enter
occupational
therapy

16. Postulates (relationships)
An individual’s characteristics and the environment are linked together
Occupation reflects the influence of both the person and the environment
An individual’s inner characteristics are maintained and changed through occupational performance

17. Therapeutic Intervention
Change is driven by a client’s occupational engagement
Skills practice
Learning new habits
Trying a new role
Experience success and mastery
Feeling competent

18. How? (intervention)
Therapy should be the “doing” of meaningful, relevant occupation not contrived – occupation based activities are necessary
The OT continuously identifies and seeks to understand the lack of occupational adaptation and work to influence change
Your clinical reasoning

19. Technology for Application
19 assessment tools – observational, self-report, interview, mixed method formats
Remotivation Process
Enabling Self-Determination (ESD) Program

20. Empirical security*
Basic aspects of the model – content validity, correlative, comparative, prospective, and qualitative
Applications of MOHO
*More than 400 publications and 100 studies

21. MOHO Clearinghouse http://www.moho.uic.edu/
Products
Resources
Information about Model development
Evidence-based practice