1. Study of Energy Storage and Management System for a
Microwave Power Receiving Satellite
Nayeem Chowdhury & Dr. Michael Mann, Ph.D., University of North Dakota, Dept. of Energy Studies
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Abstract
Method
Results
This poster presents a study comparing different energy storage devices such as lithium ion battery, lithium ion capacitor, and super capacitor. The use of these different energy storage devices has been identified based on mission requirements. A hybrid power storage unit consisting of a battery/capacitor combination is presented with a new technique to manage the power flow. The development toward this power management system is outlined.
Pe (W)
Psa (W)
Pra (W)
Phybrid (W)
LIB
LIC
Total Mass (kg)
Total Area (m2)
Total Volume (m3)
Case I 13 22 - 2
0.56
0.018
0.004
Case II 9 15 24 1 3
0.53
0.075
0.0026
Case III 4
0.34
0.088
0.0008
Compared commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) Li-Ion Batteries/Li-Ion Capacitors/Super Capacitors
Specific Energy/Power
Mass
Temperature
Cycle life
Determine number of capacitors needed to store radio frequency power for experimental mission.
Selected PMADU COTS component
Introduction
Component
Power Consomption (mW)
Task
NCP 360
0.5
Sets a threshold voltage level, and protects the circuit when the power supply exceeds the set voltage
MAX 1771
0.01
Used to lower the voltage level to match the bus voltage
INA 226
1.650
Monitors both a shunt voltage drop and bus supply voltage
TMP 175
0.275
Measures the temperature from charge transfer to the load
LTC 4150
0.4
Monitors current through an external sense resistor between the battery’s positive terminal and the battery’s load or charger.
LT 3757
.0072
Limits inductor current during start-up and output short-circuit
TPS 2557
Limits the output current to a safe level by switching into a constant current mode
TI BQ24640
0.075
LIC charge controller. It has high accuracy current charge, voltage regulation and charge status monitoring
EPS Micro Controller
0.05
Monitors the energy consumption
Results
Sealed lead-acid batteries are the most widely used for small satellites and experimental satellites (Power requirements ≤ 200 W and Mission life ≤ 2 years).
Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) currently appear as if they are becoming the preferred rechargeable battery for most, if not all, spacecraft missions.
Another emerging energy storage technology is a supercapacitor (SC).
A lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) is an emerging hybrid capacitor that combines the energy storage mechanisms of SCs and LIBs.
Conclusion
By using LIC compared to LIB a 64% mass reduction has been achieved for PSU. Components have been selected for PMADU. Future work will model the proposed PSU using hardware/software.
Acknowledgments 1
Corey Bergsrud
Sofiane Chaieb 1
1 C. Bergsrud, N. Chowdhury and S. Chaieb – Submitted to IEEE Trans. AES.