1. Chapter 1
Introduction

2. What is a Computer?
Electronic device that takes in data and instructions (input), works with the data (processing) and Put out the information (output)

3. Computer Components Hardware Software Input devices CPU
Storage devices
Output devices
Software
System software
Programs

4. Generations of Computers
First generation
vacuum tube-based electronic computer.
Use machine language.
Very large and slow.

5. Generations of Computers
second generation
transistor-based electronic computer.
Reduction in size and cost.
More faster
Use assembly language.

6. Generations of Computers
Third generation
integrated circuits replaced several individually wired transistors.
Faster and smaller in size.
Use programming languages such as: C
Fortran
Basic
Cobol

7. Generations of Computers
Forth generation
Use large-scale integration technology.
the need to speed up the software development process
Use friendly programming languages.

8. Generations of Computers
Fifth generation
Very Large-Scale Integration technology (VLSI)..
make use of parallel processing
Artificial intelligence
Prolog

9. Range of Computers Embedded Systems chips in washing machines,
laser printers
hand calculators.

10. Range of Computers Microcomputers personal computers Multitasking
Networking
PRICE: between $700 - $2000

11. Range of Computers Minicomputers
These perform multi-tasking and allow many terminals to be connected to their services.
Business, to process large amount of data.
PRICE: between $15,000 - $150,000

12. Mainframe Computers Mainframe computers are large general purpose
Large databases.
government departments and the airline industry

13. Supercomputers very fast and have multiple processors.
developed for scientific applications usually involving complex arithmetic and mathematical operations.

14. Basic Computer System
ALU
Control Unit
Registers
internal bus.

15. Fetch and Execute

16. Input devices
Keyboard
Mouse
Joystick
Light pin ……