1. February 3, 2012
Today: Terms
Intro to Diseases
WEDNESDAY: Ch 2 Test

2. Animal Safety & Handling
Chapter 2

3. In this chapter: Importance of safety Discuss diseases
Preventing human infection
Restraint procedures
Chemical safety

4. Terms Evulsions Immune Gamma Globulin (IGG) Intermediate Host
A tear or pulled out wound (a bite)
Immune Gamma Globulin (IGG)
Antibodies
Intermediate Host
A host that a parasitic organism lives on during an immature stage

5. Terms Intradermal Intramuscular Parasites Within the skin
Within the muscle
Parasites
Organisms that live on or within another organism and host, deriving food from that host (Ex: ticks and worms)

6. Terms Reservoir Sustenance Zoonoses An immune host FOOD!
Diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans

7. Risks with Small Animals
Zoonoses
Rabies
Bubonic Plague (Gangrene)
Ascarids (Roundworm)
Hookworms
Vaccination and deworming

8. Risks with Small Animals
Toxoplasmosis
Clean that litter!!
Ringworm
It’s a fungus! (Not a worm!)
Psittacosis
Parrot fever
Cat-scratch fever
Salmonellosis
Streptococcal infections

9. Non-Disease Risks Bites Scratches Potential for infection?
Dependent on area
Animal identification
Domestic vs Wild

10. February 6, 2012 Review Diseases Physical Restraint Attire
Top 15ish things to know!
Tomorrow: REVIEW
Wednesday: TEST!!

11. Diseases Roundworms and hookworms Deworming Preventative Drug Programs
Recognize and avoid contaminated outdoor objects
Remove animal waste from play areas and yard
Obey leash laws.

12. Toxoplasmosis Infection from a parasite Causes Symptoms in humans:
Careless handling of litter
Eating contaminated soil
Symptoms in humans:
Enlarged lymph nodes in the head and neck
Headache
Mild illness with fever, similar to mononucleosis
Muscle pain
Sore throat

13. Ringworm Skin infection due to a fungus Causes: Treatment:
Fungus, not a worm
Touching someone or something with the infection, or items contaminated by the fungus (VERY EASILY SPREAD!)
Warm, moist areas
Treatment:
Keep your skin clean and dry.
Apply over-the-counter antifungal or drying powders, lotions, or creams that contain miconazole or clotrimazole
Don't wear clothing that rubs the area.
Wash sheets and pajamas

14. Psittacosis Spread through contact with contaminated bird feces (rare)
Symptoms:
Blood-tinged sputum
Dry cough
Fatigue
Fever and chills
Headache
Joint aches
Muscle aches
Shortness of breath
Treatment:
Antibiotics

15. Cat-scratch fever-Bartonella henselae
Contact with an infected cat or saliva on broken skin or white of the eye
Symptoms:
Bump or blister at site of injury
Fatigue
Fever (in some)
Headache
Lymph node swelling near the site
Overall discomfort
Treatment:
Not usually necessary

16. Salmonellosis Infection in the lining of the small intestine Symptoms:
Eaten improperly prepared or stored food
Family with recent salmonella infection
Recent family illness with gastroenteritis
A pet iguana or other lizards, turtles, or snakes
Symptoms:
Abdominal pain or cramping or tenderness
Chills, Diarrhea, Fever
Muscle pain, Nausea, Vomiting
Treatment:
Replace fluids and electrolytes lost by diarrhea.
Antibiotics
Acetaminophen or ibuprofen (fever and aches)
BRAT diet:
Bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast. These are binding foods

17. Streptococcal infections
Group A and group B
Group A strep:
Strep throat
Scarlet fever - red rash on the body
Impetigo - a skin infection
Toxic shock syndrome
Cellulitis and necrotizing fasciitis (flesh-eating disease)
Group B strep:
Blood infections
Pneumonia
Meningitis in newborns
Urinary tract infections
Skin infections
Treatment:
Antibiotics

18. Rabies! Questions to ask: Species of animal
Frequency of rabies in the area
Circumstances around bite
Behavior of animal
Can animal be quarantined and observed
Is animal brain examination available

19. Animal Care Workers Protection? Proper first aid and handling
Intradermal “pre-exposure” injections
Intramuscular “exposure” injections
Proper first aid and handling

20. AHD Alveolar Hydatid Disease Tapeworm
Cause: Possible illegal shipments of animals
Intermediate hosts: Fox, coyotes & mice
Symptoms:
Eggs hatch in SI
Migrate to liver/kidney & develop cysts
Treatment:
Surgical removal of cysts

21. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Carried by ticks
Symptoms
Chills, Confusion, Fever
Headache, Muscle pain
Rash –starting at extremities
Treatment
Careful removal of tick
Antibiotics

22. Lyme Disease Bacterial infection from blacklegged tick bites
Numbers to remember: 3 & 5!!
Risk factors:
Doing outside activities that increase tick exposure
Having a pet that may carry ticks home
Walking in high grasses
Important facts:
Tick must be attached to your body for 24 – 36 hours
Many people with Lyme disease never saw a tick on their body.
Most people who are bitten by a tick do not get Lyme disease.
Symptoms:
Body-wide itching, Chills, Fever
General ill-feeling, Headache, Light-headedness or fainting
Muscle pain, Stiff neck
Treatment:
Removal of tick, and antibiotic

23. Tapeworm Caused by: Symptoms: Treatment: A tapeworm!
You guessed it!!
Symptoms:
Usually no outward symptoms
Abdominal discomfort in some
Treatment:
Oral medication, often single dose

24. Physical Restraint Why? Page 18-20 Danger of animal to itself
Danger of animal to other animals or people
Injury
Scared or confused
Sick
Transportation
Catch
Page 18-20

26. Proper Attire for Animal Handling
You may need:
Rubber boots or gloves
Face mask
Eye protection
Long sleeves or pants
Ear protection
Hats or head protection
Lab coat

27. The General Gist of the Matter…
Always wear protective clothing and equipment when the job requires it
Always wash protective clothing and equipment after use to prevent contamination
Wash hands and face after completing a job to make sure all chemical residue is removed
If required, shower after completing a job so that chemical residue is completely removed from the body

28. Wash hands frequently while working with animals, especially if working with different species and in different areas. This will prevent contamination to other animals and will prevent self-contamination
Keep hands away from the mouth, eyes, and face when working with chemicals and animals to prevent contamination
Do not consume food or drinks in areas where contamination could occur, and do not store these items in areas where contamination could occur.

29. Remove uniforms, lab coats, and coveralls when leaving an area that could be contaminated
Never wash uniforms, lab coats, and coveralls with regular clothing
Make sure all containers are correctly labeled to prevent the misuse of a chemical.
Dispose of all chemicals and their containers according to proper procedure or instructions on the label
Students and small animal workers should be instructed in the proper methods of handling small animals
Keep a first aid kit nearby, and make sure anyone involved with animal care is aware of the location.